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# Notes from Ong, W.J. and Hartley, J. (2012) *Orality and literacy: the technologizing of the word*. Orality and literary. 30th anniversary ed.; 3rd ed. London; New York: Routledge.
## Introduction
(pg 3) "The electronic age is also an age of 'secondary orality', the orality of telephones, radio and television, which depends on writing and print for its existence."