beetroot/pages/ciao_to_wijnhaven.html

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	<h2 id="abstraction">Abstraction</h2>
    
    <p>To abstract is to pull or draw away rules and concepts in general from specific examples, first principles, literal signifiers, and other methods. So, abstraction becomes a conceptual process of creating super-categorical representatives for subordinate concepts, connecting related concepts as a group, field or category.</p>

	<h2 id="abstractionLayers">Abstraction layers</h2>
	
	<p>Computer scientists use abstraction layers to make conceptual models that can be re-used and applied widely without having to write code again. For example, using a computer program language allows source code to be translated into machine code which can be used on various different machines. This separates a framework (a categorical concept of writing a program) from specific implementation, thus making the abstraction a categorical concept of the solution.</p>

    <em>A layer is considered to be on top of another if it <a href="please_to_wijnhaven.html#dependencies">depends</a> on it. Every layer can exist without the layers above it, and requires the layers below it to function. Frequently abstraction layers can be composed into a hierarchy of abstraction levels. The OSI model comprises seven abstraction layers. Each layer of the model encapsulates and addresses a different part of the needs of digital communications, thereby reducing the complexity of the associated engineering solutions.</em>

	<h2 id="autonomy">Autonomy</h2>

    <p><a href="beetroot_to_wijnhaven.html#taz">Autonomy</a> is the freedom to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organisations, institutions and individuals have independence and the ability to self-govern.</p>
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pages/ 6 years ago			`<!DOCTYPE html>`
			`<html>`
			`<head>`
			`<title>ciao.urca.tv, richfolks.club to wijnhaven</title>`
			`<meta charset="utf-8">`
			`<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial=scale=1.0">`
			`<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" media="screen"/>`
			`</head>`
			`<body>`
			`<main>`
pages/ 6 years ago			`<img id="line" src="gps_drawings/ciao_to_wijnhaven.svg">`
pages/ 6 years ago			`<div class="text">`
pages/ 6 years ago			`<picture class="drawing">`
			`<source media="(max-width: 1280px)" srcset="img/star_topology_wht_640.jpg">`
			`<!-- image for screens below 1280px wide -->`
			`<img class="drawing" src="img/star_topology_wht.jpg" />`
			`<!-- fallback: used in PDF-->`
			`</picture>`
pages/ 6 years ago			`<h2 id="abstraction">Abstraction</h2>`

			`<p>To abstract is to pull or draw away rules and concepts in general from specific examples, first principles, literal signifiers, and other methods. So, abstraction becomes a conceptual process of creating super-categorical representatives for subordinate concepts, connecting related concepts as a group, field or category.</p>`

			`<h2 id="abstractionLayers">Abstraction layers</h2>`

			`<p>Computer scientists use abstraction layers to make conceptual models that can be re-used and applied widely without having to write code again. For example, using a computer program language allows source code to be translated into machine code which can be used on various different machines. This separates a framework (a categorical concept of writing a program) from specific implementation, thus making the abstraction a categorical concept of the solution.</p>`

			<em>A layer is considered to be on top of another if it <a href="please_to_wijnhaven.html#dependencies">depends</a> on it. Every layer can exist without the layers above it, and requires the layers below it to function. Frequently abstraction layers can be composed into a hierarchy of abstraction levels. The OSI model comprises seven abstraction layers. Each layer of the model encapsulates and addresses a different part of the needs of digital communications, thereby reducing the complexity of the associated engineering solutions.</em>

			`<h2 id="autonomy">Autonomy</h2>`

pages/ 6 years ago			`<p><a href="beetroot_to_wijnhaven.html#taz">Autonomy</a> is the freedom to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organisations, institutions and individuals have independence and the ability to self-govern.</p>`
			`<img class="drawing" id="tyre_tracks" src="img/tyre_tracks.jpg"><br>`
pages/ 6 years ago			`</div>`
			`</main>`
			`</body>`
pages/ 6 years ago			`<script type="text/javascript" src="https://issue.xpub.nl/08/cnn/cnn.js"></script>`
pages/ 6 years ago			`</html>`