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66 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
66 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
5 years ago
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Notes from *Resonant Bodies, Voices, Memories*
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Bangma, A., Piet Zwart Instituut (Eds.), 2009. Resonant bodies, voices,
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memories. Revolver Publ, Berlin.
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'Phonophobia: The dumb devil of stammering' by Steven Connor, pages 132-144
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The voice is a dream voice - "when we speak of the materiality of the
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voice, we evoke imaginary substance and mythical powers" (pg 133)
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"there is no disembodied voice" (pg 133), a voice always has "somebody,
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something of somebody's body, in it" (pg 133)
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"The voice is the body's second life---something between a substance and
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a force---a fluency that is yet a form." (pg 133)
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### Stammering has been regarded through history as the result of a material or physical impediment, not a spiritual one
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- Hippocratic school of Kos: stammering was the result of excessive
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dryness of the tongue
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- Galen (principal authority for humoral theory in the medieval
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period): stammering comes from excessive moisture of the brain, or
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tongue, or both
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- around the same time (16th century), "engorgement of the tongue
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through alchoholic vapors" (pg 134) was blamed for stammering
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- Francis Bacon blamed coldness for stammering
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- Alexander Ross refuted Bacon's claim, proposing that the stutterer's
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speech was overheated, not congealed
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Although humoral theory was replaced by mechanical theories of the
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body's functioning, old ideas persisted
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In 1879, William Abbotts' *Impediments of Speech* blamed stammering on
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the weather (wet, cold weather rather than dry bracing weather being the
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culprit) and breathing through the mouth rather than the nose
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Freud's development of psychoanalytic theory encouraged a turn to
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psychogenic theories of the functioning of the stammer
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It was seen as "a physical disturbance that enacts contrary
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impulses---the impulse to speak, and the impulse to withhold speech"
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Other psychoanalytic theories represented stammering with "anxious
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ambivalence"
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- Fenichel: stammering "an anal-sadistic impulse to utter obscenities"
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(pg 135)
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- I. H. Coriat: stammering was the unsuccessful result to "manage oral
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anxietiees related to nursing" (pg 135)
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- Peter Glauber: the struggle in the mind and body of the stammer is
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between a huge investment in "the magical omnipotence of words" and
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the need to repress a desire for verbal power
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Altogether, these are representations of castration anxiety
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Although psychoanalysis comes closer to analysing the fantasies of the
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magical omnipotence of the voice (and its fearful failure), by its
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nature it is also part of the "delusional apparatus", being "part of the
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cultural framework that forms and deforms the voice" (pg 135)
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[Charles Kingsley](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Kingsley):
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stammering is the result of selfishness (allowing too much self into the
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voice)
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