"""Test inter-conversion of different polynomial classes. This tests the convert and cast methods of all the polynomial classes. """ from __future__ import division, absolute_import, print_function import operator as op from numbers import Number import pytest import numpy as np from numpy.polynomial import ( Polynomial, Legendre, Chebyshev, Laguerre, Hermite, HermiteE) from numpy.testing import ( assert_almost_equal, assert_raises, assert_equal, assert_, ) from numpy.compat import long from numpy.polynomial.polyutils import RankWarning # # fixtures # classes = ( Polynomial, Legendre, Chebyshev, Laguerre, Hermite, HermiteE ) classids = tuple(cls.__name__ for cls in classes) @pytest.fixture(params=classes, ids=classids) def Poly(request): return request.param # # helper functions # random = np.random.random def assert_poly_almost_equal(p1, p2, msg=""): try: assert_(np.all(p1.domain == p2.domain)) assert_(np.all(p1.window == p2.window)) assert_almost_equal(p1.coef, p2.coef) except AssertionError: msg = "Result: %s\nTarget: %s", (p1, p2) raise AssertionError(msg) # # Test conversion methods that depend on combinations of two classes. # Poly1 = Poly Poly2 = Poly def test_conversion(Poly1, Poly2): x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10) coef = random((3,)) d1 = Poly1.domain + random((2,))*.25 w1 = Poly1.window + random((2,))*.25 p1 = Poly1(coef, domain=d1, window=w1) d2 = Poly2.domain + random((2,))*.25 w2 = Poly2.window + random((2,))*.25 p2 = p1.convert(kind=Poly2, domain=d2, window=w2) assert_almost_equal(p2.domain, d2) assert_almost_equal(p2.window, w2) assert_almost_equal(p2(x), p1(x)) def test_cast(Poly1, Poly2): x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10) coef = random((3,)) d1 = Poly1.domain + random((2,))*.25 w1 = Poly1.window + random((2,))*.25 p1 = Poly1(coef, domain=d1, window=w1) d2 = Poly2.domain + random((2,))*.25 w2 = Poly2.window + random((2,))*.25 p2 = Poly2.cast(p1, domain=d2, window=w2) assert_almost_equal(p2.domain, d2) assert_almost_equal(p2.window, w2) assert_almost_equal(p2(x), p1(x)) # # test methods that depend on one class # def test_identity(Poly): d = Poly.domain + random((2,))*.25 w = Poly.window + random((2,))*.25 x = np.linspace(d[0], d[1], 11) p = Poly.identity(domain=d, window=w) assert_equal(p.domain, d) assert_equal(p.window, w) assert_almost_equal(p(x), x) def test_basis(Poly): d = Poly.domain + random((2,))*.25 w = Poly.window + random((2,))*.25 p = Poly.basis(5, domain=d, window=w) assert_equal(p.domain, d) assert_equal(p.window, w) assert_equal(p.coef, [0]*5 + [1]) def test_fromroots(Poly): # check that requested roots are zeros of a polynomial # of correct degree, domain, and window. d = Poly.domain + random((2,))*.25 w = Poly.window + random((2,))*.25 r = random((5,)) p1 = Poly.fromroots(r, domain=d, window=w) assert_equal(p1.degree(), len(r)) assert_equal(p1.domain, d) assert_equal(p1.window, w) assert_almost_equal(p1(r), 0) # check that polynomial is monic pdom = Polynomial.domain pwin = Polynomial.window p2 = Polynomial.cast(p1, domain=pdom, window=pwin) assert_almost_equal(p2.coef[-1], 1) def test_bad_conditioned_fit(Poly): x = [0., 0., 1.] y = [1., 2., 3.] # check RankWarning is raised with pytest.warns(RankWarning) as record: Poly.fit(x, y, 2) assert record[0].message.args[0] == "The fit may be poorly conditioned" def test_fit(Poly): def f(x): return x*(x - 1)*(x - 2) x = np.linspace(0, 3) y = f(x) # check default value of domain and window p = Poly.fit(x, y, 3) assert_almost_equal(p.domain, [0, 3]) assert_almost_equal(p(x), y) assert_equal(p.degree(), 3) # check with given domains and window d = Poly.domain + random((2,))*.25 w = Poly.window + random((2,))*.25 p = Poly.fit(x, y, 3, domain=d, window=w) assert_almost_equal(p(x), y) assert_almost_equal(p.domain, d) assert_almost_equal(p.window, w) p = Poly.fit(x, y, [0, 1, 2, 3], domain=d, window=w) assert_almost_equal(p(x), y) assert_almost_equal(p.domain, d) assert_almost_equal(p.window, w) # check with class domain default p = Poly.fit(x, y, 3, []) assert_equal(p.domain, Poly.domain) assert_equal(p.window, Poly.window) p = Poly.fit(x, y, [0, 1, 2, 3], []) assert_equal(p.domain, Poly.domain) assert_equal(p.window, Poly.window) # check that fit accepts weights. w = np.zeros_like(x) z = y + random(y.shape)*.25 w[::2] = 1 p1 = Poly.fit(x[::2], z[::2], 3) p2 = Poly.fit(x, z, 3, w=w) p3 = Poly.fit(x, z, [0, 1, 2, 3], w=w) assert_almost_equal(p1(x), p2(x)) assert_almost_equal(p2(x), p3(x)) def test_equal(Poly): p1 = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=[0, 1], window=[2, 3]) p2 = Poly([1, 1, 1], domain=[0, 1], window=[2, 3]) p3 = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=[1, 2], window=[2, 3]) p4 = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=[0, 1], window=[1, 2]) assert_(p1 == p1) assert_(not p1 == p2) assert_(not p1 == p3) assert_(not p1 == p4) def test_not_equal(Poly): p1 = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=[0, 1], window=[2, 3]) p2 = Poly([1, 1, 1], domain=[0, 1], window=[2, 3]) p3 = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=[1, 2], window=[2, 3]) p4 = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=[0, 1], window=[1, 2]) assert_(not p1 != p1) assert_(p1 != p2) assert_(p1 != p3) assert_(p1 != p4) def test_add(Poly): # This checks commutation, not numerical correctness c1 = list(random((4,)) + .5) c2 = list(random((3,)) + .5) p1 = Poly(c1) p2 = Poly(c2) p3 = p1 + p2 assert_poly_almost_equal(p2 + p1, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 + c2, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(c2 + p1, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 + tuple(c2), p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(tuple(c2) + p1, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 + np.array(c2), p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(np.array(c2) + p1, p3) assert_raises(TypeError, op.add, p1, Poly([0], domain=Poly.domain + 1)) assert_raises(TypeError, op.add, p1, Poly([0], window=Poly.window + 1)) if Poly is Polynomial: assert_raises(TypeError, op.add, p1, Chebyshev([0])) else: assert_raises(TypeError, op.add, p1, Polynomial([0])) def test_sub(Poly): # This checks commutation, not numerical correctness c1 = list(random((4,)) + .5) c2 = list(random((3,)) + .5) p1 = Poly(c1) p2 = Poly(c2) p3 = p1 - p2 assert_poly_almost_equal(p2 - p1, -p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 - c2, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(c2 - p1, -p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 - tuple(c2), p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(tuple(c2) - p1, -p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 - np.array(c2), p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(np.array(c2) - p1, -p3) assert_raises(TypeError, op.sub, p1, Poly([0], domain=Poly.domain + 1)) assert_raises(TypeError, op.sub, p1, Poly([0], window=Poly.window + 1)) if Poly is Polynomial: assert_raises(TypeError, op.sub, p1, Chebyshev([0])) else: assert_raises(TypeError, op.sub, p1, Polynomial([0])) def test_mul(Poly): c1 = list(random((4,)) + .5) c2 = list(random((3,)) + .5) p1 = Poly(c1) p2 = Poly(c2) p3 = p1 * p2 assert_poly_almost_equal(p2 * p1, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 * c2, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(c2 * p1, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 * tuple(c2), p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(tuple(c2) * p1, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 * np.array(c2), p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(np.array(c2) * p1, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1 * 2, p1 * Poly([2])) assert_poly_almost_equal(2 * p1, p1 * Poly([2])) assert_raises(TypeError, op.mul, p1, Poly([0], domain=Poly.domain + 1)) assert_raises(TypeError, op.mul, p1, Poly([0], window=Poly.window + 1)) if Poly is Polynomial: assert_raises(TypeError, op.mul, p1, Chebyshev([0])) else: assert_raises(TypeError, op.mul, p1, Polynomial([0])) def test_floordiv(Poly): c1 = list(random((4,)) + .5) c2 = list(random((3,)) + .5) c3 = list(random((2,)) + .5) p1 = Poly(c1) p2 = Poly(c2) p3 = Poly(c3) p4 = p1 * p2 + p3 c4 = list(p4.coef) assert_poly_almost_equal(p4 // p2, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(p4 // c2, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(c4 // p2, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(p4 // tuple(c2), p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(tuple(c4) // p2, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(p4 // np.array(c2), p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(np.array(c4) // p2, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(2 // p2, Poly([0])) assert_poly_almost_equal(p2 // 2, 0.5*p2) assert_raises( TypeError, op.floordiv, p1, Poly([0], domain=Poly.domain + 1)) assert_raises( TypeError, op.floordiv, p1, Poly([0], window=Poly.window + 1)) if Poly is Polynomial: assert_raises(TypeError, op.floordiv, p1, Chebyshev([0])) else: assert_raises(TypeError, op.floordiv, p1, Polynomial([0])) def test_truediv(Poly): # true division is valid only if the denominator is a Number and # not a python bool. p1 = Poly([1,2,3]) p2 = p1 * 5 for stype in np.ScalarType: if not issubclass(stype, Number) or issubclass(stype, bool): continue s = stype(5) assert_poly_almost_equal(op.truediv(p2, s), p1) assert_raises(TypeError, op.truediv, s, p2) for stype in (int, long, float): s = stype(5) assert_poly_almost_equal(op.truediv(p2, s), p1) assert_raises(TypeError, op.truediv, s, p2) for stype in [complex]: s = stype(5, 0) assert_poly_almost_equal(op.truediv(p2, s), p1) assert_raises(TypeError, op.truediv, s, p2) for s in [tuple(), list(), dict(), bool(), np.array([1])]: assert_raises(TypeError, op.truediv, p2, s) assert_raises(TypeError, op.truediv, s, p2) for ptype in classes: assert_raises(TypeError, op.truediv, p2, ptype(1)) def test_mod(Poly): # This checks commutation, not numerical correctness c1 = list(random((4,)) + .5) c2 = list(random((3,)) + .5) c3 = list(random((2,)) + .5) p1 = Poly(c1) p2 = Poly(c2) p3 = Poly(c3) p4 = p1 * p2 + p3 c4 = list(p4.coef) assert_poly_almost_equal(p4 % p2, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p4 % c2, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(c4 % p2, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p4 % tuple(c2), p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(tuple(c4) % p2, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(p4 % np.array(c2), p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(np.array(c4) % p2, p3) assert_poly_almost_equal(2 % p2, Poly([2])) assert_poly_almost_equal(p2 % 2, Poly([0])) assert_raises(TypeError, op.mod, p1, Poly([0], domain=Poly.domain + 1)) assert_raises(TypeError, op.mod, p1, Poly([0], window=Poly.window + 1)) if Poly is Polynomial: assert_raises(TypeError, op.mod, p1, Chebyshev([0])) else: assert_raises(TypeError, op.mod, p1, Polynomial([0])) def test_divmod(Poly): # This checks commutation, not numerical correctness c1 = list(random((4,)) + .5) c2 = list(random((3,)) + .5) c3 = list(random((2,)) + .5) p1 = Poly(c1) p2 = Poly(c2) p3 = Poly(c3) p4 = p1 * p2 + p3 c4 = list(p4.coef) quo, rem = divmod(p4, p2) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, p3) quo, rem = divmod(p4, c2) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, p3) quo, rem = divmod(c4, p2) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, p3) quo, rem = divmod(p4, tuple(c2)) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, p3) quo, rem = divmod(tuple(c4), p2) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, p3) quo, rem = divmod(p4, np.array(c2)) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, p3) quo, rem = divmod(np.array(c4), p2) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, p1) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, p3) quo, rem = divmod(p2, 2) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, 0.5*p2) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, Poly([0])) quo, rem = divmod(2, p2) assert_poly_almost_equal(quo, Poly([0])) assert_poly_almost_equal(rem, Poly([2])) assert_raises(TypeError, divmod, p1, Poly([0], domain=Poly.domain + 1)) assert_raises(TypeError, divmod, p1, Poly([0], window=Poly.window + 1)) if Poly is Polynomial: assert_raises(TypeError, divmod, p1, Chebyshev([0])) else: assert_raises(TypeError, divmod, p1, Polynomial([0])) def test_roots(Poly): d = Poly.domain * 1.25 + .25 w = Poly.window tgt = np.linspace(d[0], d[1], 5) res = np.sort(Poly.fromroots(tgt, domain=d, window=w).roots()) assert_almost_equal(res, tgt) # default domain and window res = np.sort(Poly.fromroots(tgt).roots()) assert_almost_equal(res, tgt) def test_degree(Poly): p = Poly.basis(5) assert_equal(p.degree(), 5) def test_copy(Poly): p1 = Poly.basis(5) p2 = p1.copy() assert_(p1 == p2) assert_(p1 is not p2) assert_(p1.coef is not p2.coef) assert_(p1.domain is not p2.domain) assert_(p1.window is not p2.window) def test_integ(Poly): P = Polynomial # Check defaults p0 = Poly.cast(P([1*2, 2*3, 3*4])) p1 = P.cast(p0.integ()) p2 = P.cast(p0.integ(2)) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1, P([0, 2, 3, 4])) assert_poly_almost_equal(p2, P([0, 0, 1, 1, 1])) # Check with k p0 = Poly.cast(P([1*2, 2*3, 3*4])) p1 = P.cast(p0.integ(k=1)) p2 = P.cast(p0.integ(2, k=[1, 1])) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1, P([1, 2, 3, 4])) assert_poly_almost_equal(p2, P([1, 1, 1, 1, 1])) # Check with lbnd p0 = Poly.cast(P([1*2, 2*3, 3*4])) p1 = P.cast(p0.integ(lbnd=1)) p2 = P.cast(p0.integ(2, lbnd=1)) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1, P([-9, 2, 3, 4])) assert_poly_almost_equal(p2, P([6, -9, 1, 1, 1])) # Check scaling d = 2*Poly.domain p0 = Poly.cast(P([1*2, 2*3, 3*4]), domain=d) p1 = P.cast(p0.integ()) p2 = P.cast(p0.integ(2)) assert_poly_almost_equal(p1, P([0, 2, 3, 4])) assert_poly_almost_equal(p2, P([0, 0, 1, 1, 1])) def test_deriv(Poly): # Check that the derivative is the inverse of integration. It is # assumes that the integration has been checked elsewhere. d = Poly.domain + random((2,))*.25 w = Poly.window + random((2,))*.25 p1 = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=d, window=w) p2 = p1.integ(2, k=[1, 2]) p3 = p1.integ(1, k=[1]) assert_almost_equal(p2.deriv(1).coef, p3.coef) assert_almost_equal(p2.deriv(2).coef, p1.coef) # default domain and window p1 = Poly([1, 2, 3]) p2 = p1.integ(2, k=[1, 2]) p3 = p1.integ(1, k=[1]) assert_almost_equal(p2.deriv(1).coef, p3.coef) assert_almost_equal(p2.deriv(2).coef, p1.coef) def test_linspace(Poly): d = Poly.domain + random((2,))*.25 w = Poly.window + random((2,))*.25 p = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=d, window=w) # check default domain xtgt = np.linspace(d[0], d[1], 20) ytgt = p(xtgt) xres, yres = p.linspace(20) assert_almost_equal(xres, xtgt) assert_almost_equal(yres, ytgt) # check specified domain xtgt = np.linspace(0, 2, 20) ytgt = p(xtgt) xres, yres = p.linspace(20, domain=[0, 2]) assert_almost_equal(xres, xtgt) assert_almost_equal(yres, ytgt) def test_pow(Poly): d = Poly.domain + random((2,))*.25 w = Poly.window + random((2,))*.25 tgt = Poly([1], domain=d, window=w) tst = Poly([1, 2, 3], domain=d, window=w) for i in range(5): assert_poly_almost_equal(tst**i, tgt) tgt = tgt * tst # default domain and window tgt = Poly([1]) tst = Poly([1, 2, 3]) for i in range(5): assert_poly_almost_equal(tst**i, tgt) tgt = tgt * tst # check error for invalid powers assert_raises(ValueError, op.pow, tgt, 1.5) assert_raises(ValueError, op.pow, tgt, -1) def test_call(Poly): P = Polynomial d = Poly.domain x = np.linspace(d[0], d[1], 11) # Check defaults p = Poly.cast(P([1, 2, 3])) tgt = 1 + x*(2 + 3*x) res = p(x) assert_almost_equal(res, tgt) def test_cutdeg(Poly): p = Poly([1, 2, 3]) assert_raises(ValueError, p.cutdeg, .5) assert_raises(ValueError, p.cutdeg, -1) assert_equal(len(p.cutdeg(3)), 3) assert_equal(len(p.cutdeg(2)), 3) assert_equal(len(p.cutdeg(1)), 2) assert_equal(len(p.cutdeg(0)), 1) def test_truncate(Poly): p = Poly([1, 2, 3]) assert_raises(ValueError, p.truncate, .5) assert_raises(ValueError, p.truncate, 0) assert_equal(len(p.truncate(4)), 3) assert_equal(len(p.truncate(3)), 3) assert_equal(len(p.truncate(2)), 2) assert_equal(len(p.truncate(1)), 1) def test_trim(Poly): c = [1, 1e-6, 1e-12, 0] p = Poly(c) assert_equal(p.trim().coef, c[:3]) assert_equal(p.trim(1e-10).coef, c[:2]) assert_equal(p.trim(1e-5).coef, c[:1]) def test_mapparms(Poly): # check with defaults. Should be identity. d = Poly.domain w = Poly.window p = Poly([1], domain=d, window=w) assert_almost_equal([0, 1], p.mapparms()) # w = 2*d + 1 p = Poly([1], domain=d, window=w) assert_almost_equal([1, 2], p.mapparms()) def test_ufunc_override(Poly): p = Poly([1, 2, 3]) x = np.ones(3) assert_raises(TypeError, np.add, p, x) assert_raises(TypeError, np.add, x, p) class TestLatexRepr(object): """Test the latex repr used by ipython """ def as_latex(self, obj): # right now we ignore the formatting of scalars in our tests, since # it makes them too verbose. Ideally, the formatting of scalars will # be fixed such that tests below continue to pass obj._repr_latex_scalar = lambda x: str(x) try: return obj._repr_latex_() finally: del obj._repr_latex_scalar def test_simple_polynomial(self): # default input p = Polynomial([1, 2, 3]) assert_equal(self.as_latex(p), r'$x \mapsto 1.0 + 2.0\,x + 3.0\,x^{2}$') # translated input p = Polynomial([1, 2, 3], domain=[-2, 0]) assert_equal(self.as_latex(p), r'$x \mapsto 1.0 + 2.0\,\left(1.0 + x\right) + 3.0\,\left(1.0 + x\right)^{2}$') # scaled input p = Polynomial([1, 2, 3], domain=[-0.5, 0.5]) assert_equal(self.as_latex(p), r'$x \mapsto 1.0 + 2.0\,\left(2.0x\right) + 3.0\,\left(2.0x\right)^{2}$') # affine input p = Polynomial([1, 2, 3], domain=[-1, 0]) assert_equal(self.as_latex(p), r'$x \mapsto 1.0 + 2.0\,\left(1.0 + 2.0x\right) + 3.0\,\left(1.0 + 2.0x\right)^{2}$') def test_basis_func(self): p = Chebyshev([1, 2, 3]) assert_equal(self.as_latex(p), r'$x \mapsto 1.0\,{T}_{0}(x) + 2.0\,{T}_{1}(x) + 3.0\,{T}_{2}(x)$') # affine input - check no surplus parens are added p = Chebyshev([1, 2, 3], domain=[-1, 0]) assert_equal(self.as_latex(p), r'$x \mapsto 1.0\,{T}_{0}(1.0 + 2.0x) + 2.0\,{T}_{1}(1.0 + 2.0x) + 3.0\,{T}_{2}(1.0 + 2.0x)$') def test_multichar_basis_func(self): p = HermiteE([1, 2, 3]) assert_equal(self.as_latex(p), r'$x \mapsto 1.0\,{He}_{0}(x) + 2.0\,{He}_{1}(x) + 3.0\,{He}_{2}(x)$') # # Test class method that only exists for some classes # class TestInterpolate(object): def f(self, x): return x * (x - 1) * (x - 2) def test_raises(self): assert_raises(ValueError, Chebyshev.interpolate, self.f, -1) assert_raises(TypeError, Chebyshev.interpolate, self.f, 10.) def test_dimensions(self): for deg in range(1, 5): assert_(Chebyshev.interpolate(self.f, deg).degree() == deg) def test_approximation(self): def powx(x, p): return x**p x = np.linspace(0, 2, 10) for deg in range(0, 10): for t in range(0, deg + 1): p = Chebyshev.interpolate(powx, deg, domain=[0, 2], args=(t,)) assert_almost_equal(p(x), powx(x, t), decimal=12)