# Add x/html serialization to `Elementree`
# Taken from ElementTree 1.3 preview with slight modifications
#
# Copyright (c) 1999-2007 by Fredrik Lundh.  All rights reserved.
#
# fredrik@pythonware.com
# https://www.pythonware.com/
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# The ElementTree toolkit is
#
# Copyright (c) 1999-2007 by Fredrik Lundh
#
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# and will comply with the following terms and conditions:
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# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
# its associated documentation for any purpose and without fee is
# hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in
# all copies, and that both that copyright notice and this permission
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"""
Python-Markdown provides two serializers which render [`ElementTree.Element`][xml.etree.ElementTree.Element]
objects to a string of HTML. Both functions wrap the same underlying code with only a few minor
differences as outlined below:

1. Empty (self-closing) tags are rendered as `<tag>` for HTML and as `<tag />` for XHTML.
2. Boolean attributes are rendered as `attrname` for HTML and as `attrname="attrname"` for XHTML.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

from xml.etree.ElementTree import ProcessingInstruction
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Comment, ElementTree, Element, QName, HTML_EMPTY
import re
from typing import Callable, Literal, NoReturn

__all__ = ['to_html_string', 'to_xhtml_string']

RE_AMP = re.compile(r'&(?!(?:\#[0-9]+|\#x[0-9a-f]+|[0-9a-z]+);)', re.I)


def _raise_serialization_error(text: str) -> NoReturn:  # pragma: no cover
    raise TypeError(
        "cannot serialize {!r} (type {})".format(text, type(text).__name__)
        )


def _escape_cdata(text) -> str:
    # escape character data
    try:
        # it's worth avoiding do-nothing calls for strings that are
        # shorter than 500 character, or so.  assume that's, by far,
        # the most common case in most applications.
        if "&" in text:
            # Only replace & when not part of an entity
            text = RE_AMP.sub('&amp;', text)
        if "<" in text:
            text = text.replace("<", "&lt;")
        if ">" in text:
            text = text.replace(">", "&gt;")
        return text
    except (TypeError, AttributeError):  # pragma: no cover
        _raise_serialization_error(text)


def _escape_attrib(text: str) -> str:
    # escape attribute value
    try:
        if "&" in text:
            # Only replace & when not part of an entity
            text = RE_AMP.sub('&amp;', text)
        if "<" in text:
            text = text.replace("<", "&lt;")
        if ">" in text:
            text = text.replace(">", "&gt;")
        if "\"" in text:
            text = text.replace("\"", "&quot;")
        if "\n" in text:
            text = text.replace("\n", "&#10;")
        return text
    except (TypeError, AttributeError):  # pragma: no cover
        _raise_serialization_error(text)


def _escape_attrib_html(text: str) -> str:
    # escape attribute value
    try:
        if "&" in text:
            # Only replace & when not part of an entity
            text = RE_AMP.sub('&amp;', text)
        if "<" in text:
            text = text.replace("<", "&lt;")
        if ">" in text:
            text = text.replace(">", "&gt;")
        if "\"" in text:
            text = text.replace("\"", "&quot;")
        return text
    except (TypeError, AttributeError):  # pragma: no cover
        _raise_serialization_error(text)


def _serialize_html(write: Callable[[str], None], elem: Element, format: Literal["html", "xhtml"]) -> None:
    tag = elem.tag
    text = elem.text
    if tag is Comment:
        write("<!--%s-->" % _escape_cdata(text))
    elif tag is ProcessingInstruction:
        write("<?%s?>" % _escape_cdata(text))
    elif tag is None:
        if text:
            write(_escape_cdata(text))
        for e in elem:
            _serialize_html(write, e, format)
    else:
        namespace_uri = None
        if isinstance(tag, QName):
            # `QNAME` objects store their data as a string: `{uri}tag`
            if tag.text[:1] == "{":
                namespace_uri, tag = tag.text[1:].split("}", 1)
            else:
                raise ValueError('QName objects must define a tag.')
        write("<" + tag)
        items = elem.items()
        if items:
            items = sorted(items)  # lexical order
            for k, v in items:
                if isinstance(k, QName):
                    # Assume a text only `QName`
                    k = k.text
                if isinstance(v, QName):
                    # Assume a text only `QName`
                    v = v.text
                else:
                    v = _escape_attrib_html(v)
                if k == v and format == 'html':
                    # handle boolean attributes
                    write(" %s" % v)
                else:
                    write(' {}="{}"'.format(k, v))
        if namespace_uri:
            write(' xmlns="%s"' % (_escape_attrib(namespace_uri)))
        if format == "xhtml" and tag.lower() in HTML_EMPTY:
            write(" />")
        else:
            write(">")
            if text:
                if tag.lower() in ["script", "style"]:
                    write(text)
                else:
                    write(_escape_cdata(text))
            for e in elem:
                _serialize_html(write, e, format)
            if tag.lower() not in HTML_EMPTY:
                write("</" + tag + ">")
    if elem.tail:
        write(_escape_cdata(elem.tail))


def _write_html(root: Element, format: Literal["html", "xhtml"] = "html") -> str:
    assert root is not None
    data: list[str] = []
    write = data.append
    _serialize_html(write, root, format)
    return "".join(data)


# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# public functions


def to_html_string(element: Element) -> str:
    """ Serialize element and its children to a string of HTML5. """
    return _write_html(ElementTree(element).getroot(), format="html")


def to_xhtml_string(element: Element) -> str:
    """ Serialize element and its children to a string of XHTML. """
    return _write_html(ElementTree(element).getroot(), format="xhtml")