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411 lines
16 KiB
Python
411 lines
16 KiB
Python
#
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# Copyright 2009 Facebook
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
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# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
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# a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
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# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
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# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
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# under the License.
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"""A non-blocking, single-threaded HTTP server.
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Typical applications have little direct interaction with the `HTTPServer`
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class except to start a server at the beginning of the process
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(and even that is often done indirectly via `tornado.web.Application.listen`).
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.. versionchanged:: 4.0
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The ``HTTPRequest`` class that used to live in this module has been moved
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to `tornado.httputil.HTTPServerRequest`. The old name remains as an alias.
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"""
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import socket
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import ssl
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from tornado.escape import native_str
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from tornado.http1connection import HTTP1ServerConnection, HTTP1ConnectionParameters
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from tornado import httputil
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from tornado import iostream
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from tornado import netutil
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from tornado.tcpserver import TCPServer
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from tornado.util import Configurable
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import typing
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from typing import Union, Any, Dict, Callable, List, Type, Tuple, Optional, Awaitable
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if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
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from typing import Set # noqa: F401
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class HTTPServer(TCPServer, Configurable, httputil.HTTPServerConnectionDelegate):
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r"""A non-blocking, single-threaded HTTP server.
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A server is defined by a subclass of `.HTTPServerConnectionDelegate`,
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or, for backwards compatibility, a callback that takes an
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`.HTTPServerRequest` as an argument. The delegate is usually a
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`tornado.web.Application`.
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`HTTPServer` supports keep-alive connections by default
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(automatically for HTTP/1.1, or for HTTP/1.0 when the client
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requests ``Connection: keep-alive``).
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If ``xheaders`` is ``True``, we support the
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``X-Real-Ip``/``X-Forwarded-For`` and
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``X-Scheme``/``X-Forwarded-Proto`` headers, which override the
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remote IP and URI scheme/protocol for all requests. These headers
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are useful when running Tornado behind a reverse proxy or load
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balancer. The ``protocol`` argument can also be set to ``https``
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if Tornado is run behind an SSL-decoding proxy that does not set one of
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the supported ``xheaders``.
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By default, when parsing the ``X-Forwarded-For`` header, Tornado will
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select the last (i.e., the closest) address on the list of hosts as the
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remote host IP address. To select the next server in the chain, a list of
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trusted downstream hosts may be passed as the ``trusted_downstream``
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argument. These hosts will be skipped when parsing the ``X-Forwarded-For``
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header.
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To make this server serve SSL traffic, send the ``ssl_options`` keyword
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argument with an `ssl.SSLContext` object. For compatibility with older
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versions of Python ``ssl_options`` may also be a dictionary of keyword
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arguments for the `ssl.wrap_socket` method.::
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ssl_ctx = ssl.create_default_context(ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
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ssl_ctx.load_cert_chain(os.path.join(data_dir, "mydomain.crt"),
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os.path.join(data_dir, "mydomain.key"))
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HTTPServer(application, ssl_options=ssl_ctx)
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`HTTPServer` initialization follows one of three patterns (the
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initialization methods are defined on `tornado.tcpserver.TCPServer`):
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1. `~tornado.tcpserver.TCPServer.listen`: single-process::
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async def main():
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server = HTTPServer()
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server.listen(8888)
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await asyncio.Event.wait()
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asyncio.run(main())
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In many cases, `tornado.web.Application.listen` can be used to avoid
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the need to explicitly create the `HTTPServer`.
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While this example does not create multiple processes on its own, when
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the ``reuse_port=True`` argument is passed to ``listen()`` you can run
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the program multiple times to create a multi-process service.
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2. `~tornado.tcpserver.TCPServer.add_sockets`: multi-process::
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sockets = bind_sockets(8888)
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tornado.process.fork_processes(0)
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async def post_fork_main():
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server = HTTPServer()
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server.add_sockets(sockets)
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await asyncio.Event().wait()
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asyncio.run(post_fork_main())
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The ``add_sockets`` interface is more complicated, but it can be used with
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`tornado.process.fork_processes` to run a multi-process service with all
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worker processes forked from a single parent. ``add_sockets`` can also be
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used in single-process servers if you want to create your listening
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sockets in some way other than `~tornado.netutil.bind_sockets`.
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Note that when using this pattern, nothing that touches the event loop
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can be run before ``fork_processes``.
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3. `~tornado.tcpserver.TCPServer.bind`/`~tornado.tcpserver.TCPServer.start`:
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simple **deprecated** multi-process::
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server = HTTPServer()
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server.bind(8888)
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server.start(0) # Forks multiple sub-processes
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IOLoop.current().start()
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This pattern is deprecated because it requires interfaces in the
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`asyncio` module that have been deprecated since Python 3.10. Support for
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creating multiple processes in the ``start`` method will be removed in a
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future version of Tornado.
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.. versionchanged:: 4.0
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Added ``decompress_request``, ``chunk_size``, ``max_header_size``,
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``idle_connection_timeout``, ``body_timeout``, ``max_body_size``
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arguments. Added support for `.HTTPServerConnectionDelegate`
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instances as ``request_callback``.
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.. versionchanged:: 4.1
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`.HTTPServerConnectionDelegate.start_request` is now called with
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two arguments ``(server_conn, request_conn)`` (in accordance with the
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documentation) instead of one ``(request_conn)``.
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.. versionchanged:: 4.2
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`HTTPServer` is now a subclass of `tornado.util.Configurable`.
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.. versionchanged:: 4.5
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Added the ``trusted_downstream`` argument.
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.. versionchanged:: 5.0
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The ``io_loop`` argument has been removed.
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"""
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def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
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# Ignore args to __init__; real initialization belongs in
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# initialize since we're Configurable. (there's something
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# weird in initialization order between this class,
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# Configurable, and TCPServer so we can't leave __init__ out
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# completely)
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pass
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def initialize(
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self,
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request_callback: Union[
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httputil.HTTPServerConnectionDelegate,
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Callable[[httputil.HTTPServerRequest], None],
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],
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no_keep_alive: bool = False,
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xheaders: bool = False,
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ssl_options: Optional[Union[Dict[str, Any], ssl.SSLContext]] = None,
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protocol: Optional[str] = None,
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decompress_request: bool = False,
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chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
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max_header_size: Optional[int] = None,
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idle_connection_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
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body_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
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max_body_size: Optional[int] = None,
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max_buffer_size: Optional[int] = None,
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trusted_downstream: Optional[List[str]] = None,
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) -> None:
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# This method's signature is not extracted with autodoc
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# because we want its arguments to appear on the class
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# constructor. When changing this signature, also update the
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# copy in httpserver.rst.
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self.request_callback = request_callback
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self.xheaders = xheaders
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self.protocol = protocol
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self.conn_params = HTTP1ConnectionParameters(
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decompress=decompress_request,
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chunk_size=chunk_size,
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max_header_size=max_header_size,
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header_timeout=idle_connection_timeout or 3600,
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max_body_size=max_body_size,
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body_timeout=body_timeout,
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no_keep_alive=no_keep_alive,
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)
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TCPServer.__init__(
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self,
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ssl_options=ssl_options,
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max_buffer_size=max_buffer_size,
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read_chunk_size=chunk_size,
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)
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self._connections = set() # type: Set[HTTP1ServerConnection]
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self.trusted_downstream = trusted_downstream
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@classmethod
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def configurable_base(cls) -> Type[Configurable]:
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return HTTPServer
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@classmethod
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def configurable_default(cls) -> Type[Configurable]:
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return HTTPServer
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async def close_all_connections(self) -> None:
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"""Close all open connections and asynchronously wait for them to finish.
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This method is used in combination with `~.TCPServer.stop` to
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support clean shutdowns (especially for unittests). Typical
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usage would call ``stop()`` first to stop accepting new
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connections, then ``await close_all_connections()`` to wait for
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existing connections to finish.
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This method does not currently close open websocket connections.
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Note that this method is a coroutine and must be called with ``await``.
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"""
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while self._connections:
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# Peek at an arbitrary element of the set
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conn = next(iter(self._connections))
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await conn.close()
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def handle_stream(self, stream: iostream.IOStream, address: Tuple) -> None:
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context = _HTTPRequestContext(
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stream, address, self.protocol, self.trusted_downstream
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)
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conn = HTTP1ServerConnection(stream, self.conn_params, context)
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self._connections.add(conn)
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conn.start_serving(self)
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def start_request(
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self, server_conn: object, request_conn: httputil.HTTPConnection
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) -> httputil.HTTPMessageDelegate:
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if isinstance(self.request_callback, httputil.HTTPServerConnectionDelegate):
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delegate = self.request_callback.start_request(server_conn, request_conn)
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else:
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delegate = _CallableAdapter(self.request_callback, request_conn)
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if self.xheaders:
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delegate = _ProxyAdapter(delegate, request_conn)
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return delegate
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def on_close(self, server_conn: object) -> None:
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self._connections.remove(typing.cast(HTTP1ServerConnection, server_conn))
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class _CallableAdapter(httputil.HTTPMessageDelegate):
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def __init__(
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self,
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request_callback: Callable[[httputil.HTTPServerRequest], None],
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request_conn: httputil.HTTPConnection,
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) -> None:
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self.connection = request_conn
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self.request_callback = request_callback
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self.request = None # type: Optional[httputil.HTTPServerRequest]
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self.delegate = None
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self._chunks = [] # type: List[bytes]
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def headers_received(
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self,
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start_line: Union[httputil.RequestStartLine, httputil.ResponseStartLine],
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headers: httputil.HTTPHeaders,
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) -> Optional[Awaitable[None]]:
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self.request = httputil.HTTPServerRequest(
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connection=self.connection,
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start_line=typing.cast(httputil.RequestStartLine, start_line),
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headers=headers,
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)
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return None
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def data_received(self, chunk: bytes) -> Optional[Awaitable[None]]:
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self._chunks.append(chunk)
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return None
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def finish(self) -> None:
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assert self.request is not None
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self.request.body = b"".join(self._chunks)
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self.request._parse_body()
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self.request_callback(self.request)
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def on_connection_close(self) -> None:
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del self._chunks
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class _HTTPRequestContext(object):
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def __init__(
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self,
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stream: iostream.IOStream,
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address: Tuple,
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protocol: Optional[str],
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trusted_downstream: Optional[List[str]] = None,
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) -> None:
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self.address = address
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# Save the socket's address family now so we know how to
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# interpret self.address even after the stream is closed
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# and its socket attribute replaced with None.
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if stream.socket is not None:
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self.address_family = stream.socket.family
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else:
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self.address_family = None
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# In HTTPServerRequest we want an IP, not a full socket address.
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if (
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self.address_family in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6)
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and address is not None
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):
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self.remote_ip = address[0]
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else:
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# Unix (or other) socket; fake the remote address.
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self.remote_ip = "0.0.0.0"
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if protocol:
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self.protocol = protocol
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elif isinstance(stream, iostream.SSLIOStream):
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self.protocol = "https"
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else:
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self.protocol = "http"
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self._orig_remote_ip = self.remote_ip
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self._orig_protocol = self.protocol
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self.trusted_downstream = set(trusted_downstream or [])
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def __str__(self) -> str:
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if self.address_family in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6):
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return self.remote_ip
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elif isinstance(self.address, bytes):
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# Python 3 with the -bb option warns about str(bytes),
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# so convert it explicitly.
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# Unix socket addresses are str on mac but bytes on linux.
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return native_str(self.address)
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else:
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return str(self.address)
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def _apply_xheaders(self, headers: httputil.HTTPHeaders) -> None:
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"""Rewrite the ``remote_ip`` and ``protocol`` fields."""
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# Squid uses X-Forwarded-For, others use X-Real-Ip
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ip = headers.get("X-Forwarded-For", self.remote_ip)
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# Skip trusted downstream hosts in X-Forwarded-For list
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for ip in (cand.strip() for cand in reversed(ip.split(","))):
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if ip not in self.trusted_downstream:
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break
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ip = headers.get("X-Real-Ip", ip)
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if netutil.is_valid_ip(ip):
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self.remote_ip = ip
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# AWS uses X-Forwarded-Proto
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proto_header = headers.get(
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"X-Scheme", headers.get("X-Forwarded-Proto", self.protocol)
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)
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if proto_header:
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# use only the last proto entry if there is more than one
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# TODO: support trusting multiple layers of proxied protocol
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proto_header = proto_header.split(",")[-1].strip()
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if proto_header in ("http", "https"):
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self.protocol = proto_header
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def _unapply_xheaders(self) -> None:
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"""Undo changes from `_apply_xheaders`.
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Xheaders are per-request so they should not leak to the next
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request on the same connection.
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"""
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self.remote_ip = self._orig_remote_ip
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self.protocol = self._orig_protocol
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class _ProxyAdapter(httputil.HTTPMessageDelegate):
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def __init__(
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self,
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delegate: httputil.HTTPMessageDelegate,
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request_conn: httputil.HTTPConnection,
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) -> None:
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self.connection = request_conn
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self.delegate = delegate
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def headers_received(
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self,
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start_line: Union[httputil.RequestStartLine, httputil.ResponseStartLine],
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headers: httputil.HTTPHeaders,
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) -> Optional[Awaitable[None]]:
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# TODO: either make context an official part of the
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# HTTPConnection interface or figure out some other way to do this.
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self.connection.context._apply_xheaders(headers) # type: ignore
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return self.delegate.headers_received(start_line, headers)
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def data_received(self, chunk: bytes) -> Optional[Awaitable[None]]:
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return self.delegate.data_received(chunk)
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def finish(self) -> None:
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self.delegate.finish()
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self._cleanup()
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def on_connection_close(self) -> None:
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self.delegate.on_connection_close()
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self._cleanup()
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def _cleanup(self) -> None:
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self.connection.context._unapply_xheaders() # type: ignore
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HTTPRequest = httputil.HTTPServerRequest
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