first tutorial on one-to-many db: create a set of lists with a set of items each, plus post handle to add ne items

master
grgr 2 years ago
parent 18ca175143
commit 8000d11872

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Copyright 2010 Pallets
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: Flask
Version: 2.2.2
Summary: A simple framework for building complex web applications.
Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/flask
Author: Armin Ronacher
Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
Maintainer: Pallets
Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
License: BSD-3-Clause
Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Project-URL: Documentation, https://flask.palletsprojects.com/
Project-URL: Changes, https://flask.palletsprojects.com/changes/
Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/flask/
Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/flask/issues/
Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
Classifier: Framework :: Flask
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI :: Application
Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Application Frameworks
Requires-Python: >=3.7
Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
License-File: LICENSE.rst
Requires-Dist: Werkzeug (>=2.2.2)
Requires-Dist: Jinja2 (>=3.0)
Requires-Dist: itsdangerous (>=2.0)
Requires-Dist: click (>=8.0)
Requires-Dist: importlib-metadata (>=3.6.0) ; python_version < "3.10"
Provides-Extra: async
Requires-Dist: asgiref (>=3.2) ; extra == 'async'
Provides-Extra: dotenv
Requires-Dist: python-dotenv ; extra == 'dotenv'
Flask
=====
Flask is a lightweight `WSGI`_ web application framework. It is designed
to make getting started quick and easy, with the ability to scale up to
complex applications. It began as a simple wrapper around `Werkzeug`_
and `Jinja`_ and has become one of the most popular Python web
application frameworks.
Flask offers suggestions, but doesn't enforce any dependencies or
project layout. It is up to the developer to choose the tools and
libraries they want to use. There are many extensions provided by the
community that make adding new functionality easy.
.. _WSGI: https://wsgi.readthedocs.io/
.. _Werkzeug: https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/
.. _Jinja: https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/
Installing
----------
Install and update using `pip`_:
.. code-block:: text
$ pip install -U Flask
.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
A Simple Example
----------------
.. code-block:: python
# save this as app.py
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/")
def hello():
return "Hello, World!"
.. code-block:: text
$ flask run
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
Contributing
------------
For guidance on setting up a development environment and how to make a
contribution to Flask, see the `contributing guidelines`_.
.. _contributing guidelines: https://github.com/pallets/flask/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.rst
Donate
------
The Pallets organization develops and supports Flask and the libraries
it uses. In order to grow the community of contributors and users, and
allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects, `please
donate today`_.
.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Links
-----
- Documentation: https://flask.palletsprojects.com/
- Changes: https://flask.palletsprojects.com/changes/
- PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/Flask/
- Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/flask/
- Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/flask/issues/
- Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/flask/
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
- Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets

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Wheel-Version: 1.0
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[console_scripts]
flask = flask.cli:main

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Copyright 2007 Pallets
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: Jinja2
Version: 3.1.2
Summary: A very fast and expressive template engine.
Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/jinja/
Author: Armin Ronacher
Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
Maintainer: Pallets
Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
License: BSD-3-Clause
Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Project-URL: Documentation, https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/
Project-URL: Changes, https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/changes/
Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/jinja/
Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/jinja/issues/
Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
Platform: UNKNOWN
Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
Classifier: Topic :: Text Processing :: Markup :: HTML
Requires-Python: >=3.7
Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
License-File: LICENSE.rst
Requires-Dist: MarkupSafe (>=2.0)
Provides-Extra: i18n
Requires-Dist: Babel (>=2.7) ; extra == 'i18n'
Jinja
=====
Jinja is a fast, expressive, extensible templating engine. Special
placeholders in the template allow writing code similar to Python
syntax. Then the template is passed data to render the final document.
It includes:
- Template inheritance and inclusion.
- Define and import macros within templates.
- HTML templates can use autoescaping to prevent XSS from untrusted
user input.
- A sandboxed environment can safely render untrusted templates.
- AsyncIO support for generating templates and calling async
functions.
- I18N support with Babel.
- Templates are compiled to optimized Python code just-in-time and
cached, or can be compiled ahead-of-time.
- Exceptions point to the correct line in templates to make debugging
easier.
- Extensible filters, tests, functions, and even syntax.
Jinja's philosophy is that while application logic belongs in Python if
possible, it shouldn't make the template designer's job difficult by
restricting functionality too much.
Installing
----------
Install and update using `pip`_:
.. code-block:: text
$ pip install -U Jinja2
.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
In A Nutshell
-------------
.. code-block:: jinja
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}Members{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<ul>
{% for user in users %}
<li><a href="{{ user.url }}">{{ user.username }}</a></li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock %}
Donate
------
The Pallets organization develops and supports Jinja and other popular
packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and users, and
allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects, `please
donate today`_.
.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Links
-----
- Documentation: https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/
- Changes: https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/changes/
- PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/Jinja2/
- Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/jinja/
- Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/jinja/issues/
- Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/jinja/
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
- Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets

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[babel.extractors]
jinja2 = jinja2.ext:babel_extract[i18n]

@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
Copyright 2010 Pallets
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: MarkupSafe
Version: 2.1.1
Summary: Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup.
Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/markupsafe/
Author: Armin Ronacher
Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
Maintainer: Pallets
Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
License: BSD-3-Clause
Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Project-URL: Documentation, https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/
Project-URL: Changes, https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/changes/
Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/
Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/issues/
Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
Platform: UNKNOWN
Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
Classifier: Topic :: Text Processing :: Markup :: HTML
Requires-Python: >=3.7
Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
License-File: LICENSE.rst
MarkupSafe
==========
MarkupSafe implements a text object that escapes characters so it is
safe to use in HTML and XML. Characters that have special meanings are
replaced so that they display as the actual characters. This mitigates
injection attacks, meaning untrusted user input can safely be displayed
on a page.
Installing
----------
Install and update using `pip`_:
.. code-block:: text
pip install -U MarkupSafe
.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
Examples
--------
.. code-block:: pycon
>>> from markupsafe import Markup, escape
>>> # escape replaces special characters and wraps in Markup
>>> escape("<script>alert(document.cookie);</script>")
Markup('&lt;script&gt;alert(document.cookie);&lt;/script&gt;')
>>> # wrap in Markup to mark text "safe" and prevent escaping
>>> Markup("<strong>Hello</strong>")
Markup('<strong>hello</strong>')
>>> escape(Markup("<strong>Hello</strong>"))
Markup('<strong>hello</strong>')
>>> # Markup is a str subclass
>>> # methods and operators escape their arguments
>>> template = Markup("Hello <em>{name}</em>")
>>> template.format(name='"World"')
Markup('Hello <em>&#34;World&#34;</em>')
Donate
------
The Pallets organization develops and supports MarkupSafe and other
popular packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and
users, and allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects,
`please donate today`_.
.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Links
-----
- Documentation: https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/
- Changes: https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/changes/
- PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/MarkupSafe/
- Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/
- Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/issues/
- Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/markupsafe/
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
- Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets

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Copyright 2007 Pallets
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: Werkzeug
Version: 2.2.2
Summary: The comprehensive WSGI web application library.
Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/werkzeug/
Author: Armin Ronacher
Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
Maintainer: Pallets
Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
License: BSD-3-Clause
Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Project-URL: Documentation, https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/
Project-URL: Changes, https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/changes/
Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/
Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/issues/
Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI :: Application
Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI :: Middleware
Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Application Frameworks
Requires-Python: >=3.7
Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
License-File: LICENSE.rst
Requires-Dist: MarkupSafe (>=2.1.1)
Provides-Extra: watchdog
Requires-Dist: watchdog ; extra == 'watchdog'
Werkzeug
========
*werkzeug* German noun: "tool". Etymology: *werk* ("work"), *zeug* ("stuff")
Werkzeug is a comprehensive `WSGI`_ web application library. It began as
a simple collection of various utilities for WSGI applications and has
become one of the most advanced WSGI utility libraries.
It includes:
- An interactive debugger that allows inspecting stack traces and
source code in the browser with an interactive interpreter for any
frame in the stack.
- A full-featured request object with objects to interact with
headers, query args, form data, files, and cookies.
- A response object that can wrap other WSGI applications and handle
streaming data.
- A routing system for matching URLs to endpoints and generating URLs
for endpoints, with an extensible system for capturing variables
from URLs.
- HTTP utilities to handle entity tags, cache control, dates, user
agents, cookies, files, and more.
- A threaded WSGI server for use while developing applications
locally.
- A test client for simulating HTTP requests during testing without
requiring running a server.
Werkzeug doesn't enforce any dependencies. It is up to the developer to
choose a template engine, database adapter, and even how to handle
requests. It can be used to build all sorts of end user applications
such as blogs, wikis, or bulletin boards.
`Flask`_ wraps Werkzeug, using it to handle the details of WSGI while
providing more structure and patterns for defining powerful
applications.
.. _WSGI: https://wsgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
.. _Flask: https://www.palletsprojects.com/p/flask/
Installing
----------
Install and update using `pip`_:
.. code-block:: text
pip install -U Werkzeug
.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
A Simple Example
----------------
.. code-block:: python
from werkzeug.wrappers import Request, Response
@Request.application
def application(request):
return Response('Hello, World!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
run_simple('localhost', 4000, application)
Donate
------
The Pallets organization develops and supports Werkzeug and other
popular packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and
users, and allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects,
`please donate today`_.
.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Links
-----
- Documentation: https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/
- Changes: https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/changes/
- PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/Werkzeug/
- Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/
- Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/issues/
- Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/werkzeug/
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
- Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets

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Copyright 2014 Pallets
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: click
Version: 8.1.3
Summary: Composable command line interface toolkit
Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/click/
Author: Armin Ronacher
Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
Maintainer: Pallets
Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
License: BSD-3-Clause
Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Project-URL: Documentation, https://click.palletsprojects.com/
Project-URL: Changes, https://click.palletsprojects.com/changes/
Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/click/
Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/click/issues/
Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
Platform: UNKNOWN
Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
Requires-Python: >=3.7
Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
License-File: LICENSE.rst
Requires-Dist: colorama ; platform_system == "Windows"
Requires-Dist: importlib-metadata ; python_version < "3.8"
\$ click\_
==========
Click is a Python package for creating beautiful command line interfaces
in a composable way with as little code as necessary. It's the "Command
Line Interface Creation Kit". It's highly configurable but comes with
sensible defaults out of the box.
It aims to make the process of writing command line tools quick and fun
while also preventing any frustration caused by the inability to
implement an intended CLI API.
Click in three points:
- Arbitrary nesting of commands
- Automatic help page generation
- Supports lazy loading of subcommands at runtime
Installing
----------
Install and update using `pip`_:
.. code-block:: text
$ pip install -U click
.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
A Simple Example
----------------
.. code-block:: python
import click
@click.command()
@click.option("--count", default=1, help="Number of greetings.")
@click.option("--name", prompt="Your name", help="The person to greet.")
def hello(count, name):
"""Simple program that greets NAME for a total of COUNT times."""
for _ in range(count):
click.echo(f"Hello, {name}!")
if __name__ == '__main__':
hello()
.. code-block:: text
$ python hello.py --count=3
Your name: Click
Hello, Click!
Hello, Click!
Hello, Click!
Donate
------
The Pallets organization develops and supports Click and other popular
packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and users, and
allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects, `please
donate today`_.
.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
Links
-----
- Documentation: https://click.palletsprojects.com/
- Changes: https://click.palletsprojects.com/changes/
- PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/click/
- Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/click
- Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/click/issues
- Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/click
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
- Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets

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@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
Wheel-Version: 1.0
Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
Root-Is-Purelib: true
Tag: py3-none-any

@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
"""
Click is a simple Python module inspired by the stdlib optparse to make
writing command line scripts fun. Unlike other modules, it's based
around a simple API that does not come with too much magic and is
composable.
"""
from .core import Argument as Argument
from .core import BaseCommand as BaseCommand
from .core import Command as Command
from .core import CommandCollection as CommandCollection
from .core import Context as Context
from .core import Group as Group
from .core import MultiCommand as MultiCommand
from .core import Option as Option
from .core import Parameter as Parameter
from .decorators import argument as argument
from .decorators import command as command
from .decorators import confirmation_option as confirmation_option
from .decorators import group as group
from .decorators import help_option as help_option
from .decorators import make_pass_decorator as make_pass_decorator
from .decorators import option as option
from .decorators import pass_context as pass_context
from .decorators import pass_obj as pass_obj
from .decorators import password_option as password_option
from .decorators import version_option as version_option
from .exceptions import Abort as Abort
from .exceptions import BadArgumentUsage as BadArgumentUsage
from .exceptions import BadOptionUsage as BadOptionUsage
from .exceptions import BadParameter as BadParameter
from .exceptions import ClickException as ClickException
from .exceptions import FileError as FileError
from .exceptions import MissingParameter as MissingParameter
from .exceptions import NoSuchOption as NoSuchOption
from .exceptions import UsageError as UsageError
from .formatting import HelpFormatter as HelpFormatter
from .formatting import wrap_text as wrap_text
from .globals import get_current_context as get_current_context
from .parser import OptionParser as OptionParser
from .termui import clear as clear
from .termui import confirm as confirm
from .termui import echo_via_pager as echo_via_pager
from .termui import edit as edit
from .termui import getchar as getchar
from .termui import launch as launch
from .termui import pause as pause
from .termui import progressbar as progressbar
from .termui import prompt as prompt
from .termui import secho as secho
from .termui import style as style
from .termui import unstyle as unstyle
from .types import BOOL as BOOL
from .types import Choice as Choice
from .types import DateTime as DateTime
from .types import File as File
from .types import FLOAT as FLOAT
from .types import FloatRange as FloatRange
from .types import INT as INT
from .types import IntRange as IntRange
from .types import ParamType as ParamType
from .types import Path as Path
from .types import STRING as STRING
from .types import Tuple as Tuple
from .types import UNPROCESSED as UNPROCESSED
from .types import UUID as UUID
from .utils import echo as echo
from .utils import format_filename as format_filename
from .utils import get_app_dir as get_app_dir
from .utils import get_binary_stream as get_binary_stream
from .utils import get_text_stream as get_text_stream
from .utils import open_file as open_file
__version__ = "8.1.3"

@ -0,0 +1,626 @@
import codecs
import io
import os
import re
import sys
import typing as t
from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
CYGWIN = sys.platform.startswith("cygwin")
MSYS2 = sys.platform.startswith("win") and ("GCC" in sys.version)
# Determine local App Engine environment, per Google's own suggestion
APP_ENGINE = "APPENGINE_RUNTIME" in os.environ and "Development/" in os.environ.get(
"SERVER_SOFTWARE", ""
)
WIN = sys.platform.startswith("win") and not APP_ENGINE and not MSYS2
auto_wrap_for_ansi: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.TextIO], t.TextIO]] = None
_ansi_re = re.compile(r"\033\[[;?0-9]*[a-zA-Z]")
def get_filesystem_encoding() -> str:
return sys.getfilesystemencoding() or sys.getdefaultencoding()
def _make_text_stream(
stream: t.BinaryIO,
encoding: t.Optional[str],
errors: t.Optional[str],
force_readable: bool = False,
force_writable: bool = False,
) -> t.TextIO:
if encoding is None:
encoding = get_best_encoding(stream)
if errors is None:
errors = "replace"
return _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
stream,
encoding,
errors,
line_buffering=True,
force_readable=force_readable,
force_writable=force_writable,
)
def is_ascii_encoding(encoding: str) -> bool:
"""Checks if a given encoding is ascii."""
try:
return codecs.lookup(encoding).name == "ascii"
except LookupError:
return False
def get_best_encoding(stream: t.IO) -> str:
"""Returns the default stream encoding if not found."""
rv = getattr(stream, "encoding", None) or sys.getdefaultencoding()
if is_ascii_encoding(rv):
return "utf-8"
return rv
class _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(io.TextIOWrapper):
def __init__(
self,
stream: t.BinaryIO,
encoding: t.Optional[str],
errors: t.Optional[str],
force_readable: bool = False,
force_writable: bool = False,
**extra: t.Any,
) -> None:
self._stream = stream = t.cast(
t.BinaryIO, _FixupStream(stream, force_readable, force_writable)
)
super().__init__(stream, encoding, errors, **extra)
def __del__(self) -> None:
try:
self.detach()
except Exception:
pass
def isatty(self) -> bool:
# https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/issue/1803
return self._stream.isatty()
class _FixupStream:
"""The new io interface needs more from streams than streams
traditionally implement. As such, this fix-up code is necessary in
some circumstances.
The forcing of readable and writable flags are there because some tools
put badly patched objects on sys (one such offender are certain version
of jupyter notebook).
"""
def __init__(
self,
stream: t.BinaryIO,
force_readable: bool = False,
force_writable: bool = False,
):
self._stream = stream
self._force_readable = force_readable
self._force_writable = force_writable
def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
return getattr(self._stream, name)
def read1(self, size: int) -> bytes:
f = getattr(self._stream, "read1", None)
if f is not None:
return t.cast(bytes, f(size))
return self._stream.read(size)
def readable(self) -> bool:
if self._force_readable:
return True
x = getattr(self._stream, "readable", None)
if x is not None:
return t.cast(bool, x())
try:
self._stream.read(0)
except Exception:
return False
return True
def writable(self) -> bool:
if self._force_writable:
return True
x = getattr(self._stream, "writable", None)
if x is not None:
return t.cast(bool, x())
try:
self._stream.write("") # type: ignore
except Exception:
try:
self._stream.write(b"")
except Exception:
return False
return True
def seekable(self) -> bool:
x = getattr(self._stream, "seekable", None)
if x is not None:
return t.cast(bool, x())
try:
self._stream.seek(self._stream.tell())
except Exception:
return False
return True
def _is_binary_reader(stream: t.IO, default: bool = False) -> bool:
try:
return isinstance(stream.read(0), bytes)
except Exception:
return default
# This happens in some cases where the stream was already
# closed. In this case, we assume the default.
def _is_binary_writer(stream: t.IO, default: bool = False) -> bool:
try:
stream.write(b"")
except Exception:
try:
stream.write("")
return False
except Exception:
pass
return default
return True
def _find_binary_reader(stream: t.IO) -> t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]:
# We need to figure out if the given stream is already binary.
# This can happen because the official docs recommend detaching
# the streams to get binary streams. Some code might do this, so
# we need to deal with this case explicitly.
if _is_binary_reader(stream, False):
return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, stream)
buf = getattr(stream, "buffer", None)
# Same situation here; this time we assume that the buffer is
# actually binary in case it's closed.
if buf is not None and _is_binary_reader(buf, True):
return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, buf)
return None
def _find_binary_writer(stream: t.IO) -> t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]:
# We need to figure out if the given stream is already binary.
# This can happen because the official docs recommend detaching
# the streams to get binary streams. Some code might do this, so
# we need to deal with this case explicitly.
if _is_binary_writer(stream, False):
return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, stream)
buf = getattr(stream, "buffer", None)
# Same situation here; this time we assume that the buffer is
# actually binary in case it's closed.
if buf is not None and _is_binary_writer(buf, True):
return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, buf)
return None
def _stream_is_misconfigured(stream: t.TextIO) -> bool:
"""A stream is misconfigured if its encoding is ASCII."""
# If the stream does not have an encoding set, we assume it's set
# to ASCII. This appears to happen in certain unittest
# environments. It's not quite clear what the correct behavior is
# but this at least will force Click to recover somehow.
return is_ascii_encoding(getattr(stream, "encoding", None) or "ascii")
def _is_compat_stream_attr(stream: t.TextIO, attr: str, value: t.Optional[str]) -> bool:
"""A stream attribute is compatible if it is equal to the
desired value or the desired value is unset and the attribute
has a value.
"""
stream_value = getattr(stream, attr, None)
return stream_value == value or (value is None and stream_value is not None)
def _is_compatible_text_stream(
stream: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
) -> bool:
"""Check if a stream's encoding and errors attributes are
compatible with the desired values.
"""
return _is_compat_stream_attr(
stream, "encoding", encoding
) and _is_compat_stream_attr(stream, "errors", errors)
def _force_correct_text_stream(
text_stream: t.IO,
encoding: t.Optional[str],
errors: t.Optional[str],
is_binary: t.Callable[[t.IO, bool], bool],
find_binary: t.Callable[[t.IO], t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]],
force_readable: bool = False,
force_writable: bool = False,
) -> t.TextIO:
if is_binary(text_stream, False):
binary_reader = t.cast(t.BinaryIO, text_stream)
else:
text_stream = t.cast(t.TextIO, text_stream)
# If the stream looks compatible, and won't default to a
# misconfigured ascii encoding, return it as-is.
if _is_compatible_text_stream(text_stream, encoding, errors) and not (
encoding is None and _stream_is_misconfigured(text_stream)
):
return text_stream
# Otherwise, get the underlying binary reader.
possible_binary_reader = find_binary(text_stream)
# If that's not possible, silently use the original reader
# and get mojibake instead of exceptions.
if possible_binary_reader is None:
return text_stream
binary_reader = possible_binary_reader
# Default errors to replace instead of strict in order to get
# something that works.
if errors is None:
errors = "replace"
# Wrap the binary stream in a text stream with the correct
# encoding parameters.
return _make_text_stream(
binary_reader,
encoding,
errors,
force_readable=force_readable,
force_writable=force_writable,
)
def _force_correct_text_reader(
text_reader: t.IO,
encoding: t.Optional[str],
errors: t.Optional[str],
force_readable: bool = False,
) -> t.TextIO:
return _force_correct_text_stream(
text_reader,
encoding,
errors,
_is_binary_reader,
_find_binary_reader,
force_readable=force_readable,
)
def _force_correct_text_writer(
text_writer: t.IO,
encoding: t.Optional[str],
errors: t.Optional[str],
force_writable: bool = False,
) -> t.TextIO:
return _force_correct_text_stream(
text_writer,
encoding,
errors,
_is_binary_writer,
_find_binary_writer,
force_writable=force_writable,
)
def get_binary_stdin() -> t.BinaryIO:
reader = _find_binary_reader(sys.stdin)
if reader is None:
raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stdin.")
return reader
def get_binary_stdout() -> t.BinaryIO:
writer = _find_binary_writer(sys.stdout)
if writer is None:
raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stdout.")
return writer
def get_binary_stderr() -> t.BinaryIO:
writer = _find_binary_writer(sys.stderr)
if writer is None:
raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stderr.")
return writer
def get_text_stdin(
encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
) -> t.TextIO:
rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stdin, encoding, errors)
if rv is not None:
return rv
return _force_correct_text_reader(sys.stdin, encoding, errors, force_readable=True)
def get_text_stdout(
encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
) -> t.TextIO:
rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stdout, encoding, errors)
if rv is not None:
return rv
return _force_correct_text_writer(sys.stdout, encoding, errors, force_writable=True)
def get_text_stderr(
encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
) -> t.TextIO:
rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stderr, encoding, errors)
if rv is not None:
return rv
return _force_correct_text_writer(sys.stderr, encoding, errors, force_writable=True)
def _wrap_io_open(
file: t.Union[str, os.PathLike, int],
mode: str,
encoding: t.Optional[str],
errors: t.Optional[str],
) -> t.IO:
"""Handles not passing ``encoding`` and ``errors`` in binary mode."""
if "b" in mode:
return open(file, mode)
return open(file, mode, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
def open_stream(
filename: str,
mode: str = "r",
encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
atomic: bool = False,
) -> t.Tuple[t.IO, bool]:
binary = "b" in mode
# Standard streams first. These are simple because they ignore the
# atomic flag. Use fsdecode to handle Path("-").
if os.fsdecode(filename) == "-":
if any(m in mode for m in ["w", "a", "x"]):
if binary:
return get_binary_stdout(), False
return get_text_stdout(encoding=encoding, errors=errors), False
if binary:
return get_binary_stdin(), False
return get_text_stdin(encoding=encoding, errors=errors), False
# Non-atomic writes directly go out through the regular open functions.
if not atomic:
return _wrap_io_open(filename, mode, encoding, errors), True
# Some usability stuff for atomic writes
if "a" in mode:
raise ValueError(
"Appending to an existing file is not supported, because that"
" would involve an expensive `copy`-operation to a temporary"
" file. Open the file in normal `w`-mode and copy explicitly"
" if that's what you're after."
)
if "x" in mode:
raise ValueError("Use the `overwrite`-parameter instead.")
if "w" not in mode:
raise ValueError("Atomic writes only make sense with `w`-mode.")
# Atomic writes are more complicated. They work by opening a file
# as a proxy in the same folder and then using the fdopen
# functionality to wrap it in a Python file. Then we wrap it in an
# atomic file that moves the file over on close.
import errno
import random
try:
perm: t.Optional[int] = os.stat(filename).st_mode
except OSError:
perm = None
flags = os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL
if binary:
flags |= getattr(os, "O_BINARY", 0)
while True:
tmp_filename = os.path.join(
os.path.dirname(filename),
f".__atomic-write{random.randrange(1 << 32):08x}",
)
try:
fd = os.open(tmp_filename, flags, 0o666 if perm is None else perm)
break
except OSError as e:
if e.errno == errno.EEXIST or (
os.name == "nt"
and e.errno == errno.EACCES
and os.path.isdir(e.filename)
and os.access(e.filename, os.W_OK)
):
continue
raise
if perm is not None:
os.chmod(tmp_filename, perm) # in case perm includes bits in umask
f = _wrap_io_open(fd, mode, encoding, errors)
af = _AtomicFile(f, tmp_filename, os.path.realpath(filename))
return t.cast(t.IO, af), True
class _AtomicFile:
def __init__(self, f: t.IO, tmp_filename: str, real_filename: str) -> None:
self._f = f
self._tmp_filename = tmp_filename
self._real_filename = real_filename
self.closed = False
@property
def name(self) -> str:
return self._real_filename
def close(self, delete: bool = False) -> None:
if self.closed:
return
self._f.close()
os.replace(self._tmp_filename, self._real_filename)
self.closed = True
def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
return getattr(self._f, name)
def __enter__(self) -> "_AtomicFile":
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
self.close(delete=exc_type is not None)
def __repr__(self) -> str:
return repr(self._f)
def strip_ansi(value: str) -> str:
return _ansi_re.sub("", value)
def _is_jupyter_kernel_output(stream: t.IO) -> bool:
while isinstance(stream, (_FixupStream, _NonClosingTextIOWrapper)):
stream = stream._stream
return stream.__class__.__module__.startswith("ipykernel.")
def should_strip_ansi(
stream: t.Optional[t.IO] = None, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
) -> bool:
if color is None:
if stream is None:
stream = sys.stdin
return not isatty(stream) and not _is_jupyter_kernel_output(stream)
return not color
# On Windows, wrap the output streams with colorama to support ANSI
# color codes.
# NOTE: double check is needed so mypy does not analyze this on Linux
if sys.platform.startswith("win") and WIN:
from ._winconsole import _get_windows_console_stream
def _get_argv_encoding() -> str:
import locale
return locale.getpreferredencoding()
_ansi_stream_wrappers: t.MutableMapping[t.TextIO, t.TextIO] = WeakKeyDictionary()
def auto_wrap_for_ansi(
stream: t.TextIO, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
) -> t.TextIO:
"""Support ANSI color and style codes on Windows by wrapping a
stream with colorama.
"""
try:
cached = _ansi_stream_wrappers.get(stream)
except Exception:
cached = None
if cached is not None:
return cached
import colorama
strip = should_strip_ansi(stream, color)
ansi_wrapper = colorama.AnsiToWin32(stream, strip=strip)
rv = t.cast(t.TextIO, ansi_wrapper.stream)
_write = rv.write
def _safe_write(s):
try:
return _write(s)
except BaseException:
ansi_wrapper.reset_all()
raise
rv.write = _safe_write
try:
_ansi_stream_wrappers[stream] = rv
except Exception:
pass
return rv
else:
def _get_argv_encoding() -> str:
return getattr(sys.stdin, "encoding", None) or get_filesystem_encoding()
def _get_windows_console_stream(
f: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
) -> t.Optional[t.TextIO]:
return None
def term_len(x: str) -> int:
return len(strip_ansi(x))
def isatty(stream: t.IO) -> bool:
try:
return stream.isatty()
except Exception:
return False
def _make_cached_stream_func(
src_func: t.Callable[[], t.TextIO], wrapper_func: t.Callable[[], t.TextIO]
) -> t.Callable[[], t.TextIO]:
cache: t.MutableMapping[t.TextIO, t.TextIO] = WeakKeyDictionary()
def func() -> t.TextIO:
stream = src_func()
try:
rv = cache.get(stream)
except Exception:
rv = None
if rv is not None:
return rv
rv = wrapper_func()
try:
cache[stream] = rv
except Exception:
pass
return rv
return func
_default_text_stdin = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stdin, get_text_stdin)
_default_text_stdout = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stdout, get_text_stdout)
_default_text_stderr = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stderr, get_text_stderr)
binary_streams: t.Mapping[str, t.Callable[[], t.BinaryIO]] = {
"stdin": get_binary_stdin,
"stdout": get_binary_stdout,
"stderr": get_binary_stderr,
}
text_streams: t.Mapping[
str, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str]], t.TextIO]
] = {
"stdin": get_text_stdin,
"stdout": get_text_stdout,
"stderr": get_text_stderr,
}

@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
"""
This module contains implementations for the termui module. To keep the
import time of Click down, some infrequently used functionality is
placed in this module and only imported as needed.
"""
import contextlib
import math
import os
import sys
import time
import typing as t
from gettext import gettext as _
from ._compat import _default_text_stdout
from ._compat import CYGWIN
from ._compat import get_best_encoding
from ._compat import isatty
from ._compat import open_stream
from ._compat import strip_ansi
from ._compat import term_len
from ._compat import WIN
from .exceptions import ClickException
from .utils import echo
V = t.TypeVar("V")
if os.name == "nt":
BEFORE_BAR = "\r"
AFTER_BAR = "\n"
else:
BEFORE_BAR = "\r\033[?25l"
AFTER_BAR = "\033[?25h\n"
class ProgressBar(t.Generic[V]):
def __init__(
self,
iterable: t.Optional[t.Iterable[V]],
length: t.Optional[int] = None,
fill_char: str = "#",
empty_char: str = " ",
bar_template: str = "%(bar)s",
info_sep: str = " ",
show_eta: bool = True,
show_percent: t.Optional[bool] = None,
show_pos: bool = False,
item_show_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Optional[V]], t.Optional[str]]] = None,
label: t.Optional[str] = None,
file: t.Optional[t.TextIO] = None,
color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
update_min_steps: int = 1,
width: int = 30,
) -> None:
self.fill_char = fill_char
self.empty_char = empty_char
self.bar_template = bar_template
self.info_sep = info_sep
self.show_eta = show_eta
self.show_percent = show_percent
self.show_pos = show_pos
self.item_show_func = item_show_func
self.label = label or ""
if file is None:
file = _default_text_stdout()
self.file = file
self.color = color
self.update_min_steps = update_min_steps
self._completed_intervals = 0
self.width = width
self.autowidth = width == 0
if length is None:
from operator import length_hint
length = length_hint(iterable, -1)
if length == -1:
length = None
if iterable is None:
if length is None:
raise TypeError("iterable or length is required")
iterable = t.cast(t.Iterable[V], range(length))
self.iter = iter(iterable)
self.length = length
self.pos = 0
self.avg: t.List[float] = []
self.start = self.last_eta = time.time()
self.eta_known = False
self.finished = False
self.max_width: t.Optional[int] = None
self.entered = False
self.current_item: t.Optional[V] = None
self.is_hidden = not isatty(self.file)
self._last_line: t.Optional[str] = None
def __enter__(self) -> "ProgressBar":
self.entered = True
self.render_progress()
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
self.render_finish()
def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[V]:
if not self.entered:
raise RuntimeError("You need to use progress bars in a with block.")
self.render_progress()
return self.generator()
def __next__(self) -> V:
# Iteration is defined in terms of a generator function,
# returned by iter(self); use that to define next(). This works
# because `self.iter` is an iterable consumed by that generator,
# so it is re-entry safe. Calling `next(self.generator())`
# twice works and does "what you want".
return next(iter(self))
def render_finish(self) -> None:
if self.is_hidden:
return
self.file.write(AFTER_BAR)
self.file.flush()
@property
def pct(self) -> float:
if self.finished:
return 1.0
return min(self.pos / (float(self.length or 1) or 1), 1.0)
@property
def time_per_iteration(self) -> float:
if not self.avg:
return 0.0
return sum(self.avg) / float(len(self.avg))
@property
def eta(self) -> float:
if self.length is not None and not self.finished:
return self.time_per_iteration * (self.length - self.pos)
return 0.0
def format_eta(self) -> str:
if self.eta_known:
t = int(self.eta)
seconds = t % 60
t //= 60
minutes = t % 60
t //= 60
hours = t % 24
t //= 24
if t > 0:
return f"{t}d {hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}"
else:
return f"{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}"
return ""
def format_pos(self) -> str:
pos = str(self.pos)
if self.length is not None:
pos += f"/{self.length}"
return pos
def format_pct(self) -> str:
return f"{int(self.pct * 100): 4}%"[1:]
def format_bar(self) -> str:
if self.length is not None:
bar_length = int(self.pct * self.width)
bar = self.fill_char * bar_length
bar += self.empty_char * (self.width - bar_length)
elif self.finished:
bar = self.fill_char * self.width
else:
chars = list(self.empty_char * (self.width or 1))
if self.time_per_iteration != 0:
chars[
int(
(math.cos(self.pos * self.time_per_iteration) / 2.0 + 0.5)
* self.width
)
] = self.fill_char
bar = "".join(chars)
return bar
def format_progress_line(self) -> str:
show_percent = self.show_percent
info_bits = []
if self.length is not None and show_percent is None:
show_percent = not self.show_pos
if self.show_pos:
info_bits.append(self.format_pos())
if show_percent:
info_bits.append(self.format_pct())
if self.show_eta and self.eta_known and not self.finished:
info_bits.append(self.format_eta())
if self.item_show_func is not None:
item_info = self.item_show_func(self.current_item)
if item_info is not None:
info_bits.append(item_info)
return (
self.bar_template
% {
"label": self.label,
"bar": self.format_bar(),
"info": self.info_sep.join(info_bits),
}
).rstrip()
def render_progress(self) -> None:
import shutil
if self.is_hidden:
# Only output the label as it changes if the output is not a
# TTY. Use file=stderr if you expect to be piping stdout.
if self._last_line != self.label:
self._last_line = self.label
echo(self.label, file=self.file, color=self.color)
return
buf = []
# Update width in case the terminal has been resized
if self.autowidth:
old_width = self.width
self.width = 0
clutter_length = term_len(self.format_progress_line())
new_width = max(0, shutil.get_terminal_size().columns - clutter_length)
if new_width < old_width:
buf.append(BEFORE_BAR)
buf.append(" " * self.max_width) # type: ignore
self.max_width = new_width
self.width = new_width
clear_width = self.width
if self.max_width is not None:
clear_width = self.max_width
buf.append(BEFORE_BAR)
line = self.format_progress_line()
line_len = term_len(line)
if self.max_width is None or self.max_width < line_len:
self.max_width = line_len
buf.append(line)
buf.append(" " * (clear_width - line_len))
line = "".join(buf)
# Render the line only if it changed.
if line != self._last_line:
self._last_line = line
echo(line, file=self.file, color=self.color, nl=False)
self.file.flush()
def make_step(self, n_steps: int) -> None:
self.pos += n_steps
if self.length is not None and self.pos >= self.length:
self.finished = True
if (time.time() - self.last_eta) < 1.0:
return
self.last_eta = time.time()
# self.avg is a rolling list of length <= 7 of steps where steps are
# defined as time elapsed divided by the total progress through
# self.length.
if self.pos:
step = (time.time() - self.start) / self.pos
else:
step = time.time() - self.start
self.avg = self.avg[-6:] + [step]
self.eta_known = self.length is not None
def update(self, n_steps: int, current_item: t.Optional[V] = None) -> None:
"""Update the progress bar by advancing a specified number of
steps, and optionally set the ``current_item`` for this new
position.
:param n_steps: Number of steps to advance.
:param current_item: Optional item to set as ``current_item``
for the updated position.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Added the ``current_item`` optional parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Only render when the number of steps meets the
``update_min_steps`` threshold.
"""
if current_item is not None:
self.current_item = current_item
self._completed_intervals += n_steps
if self._completed_intervals >= self.update_min_steps:
self.make_step(self._completed_intervals)
self.render_progress()
self._completed_intervals = 0
def finish(self) -> None:
self.eta_known = False
self.current_item = None
self.finished = True
def generator(self) -> t.Iterator[V]:
"""Return a generator which yields the items added to the bar
during construction, and updates the progress bar *after* the
yielded block returns.
"""
# WARNING: the iterator interface for `ProgressBar` relies on
# this and only works because this is a simple generator which
# doesn't create or manage additional state. If this function
# changes, the impact should be evaluated both against
# `iter(bar)` and `next(bar)`. `next()` in particular may call
# `self.generator()` repeatedly, and this must remain safe in
# order for that interface to work.
if not self.entered:
raise RuntimeError("You need to use progress bars in a with block.")
if self.is_hidden:
yield from self.iter
else:
for rv in self.iter:
self.current_item = rv
# This allows show_item_func to be updated before the
# item is processed. Only trigger at the beginning of
# the update interval.
if self._completed_intervals == 0:
self.render_progress()
yield rv
self.update(1)
self.finish()
self.render_progress()
def pager(generator: t.Iterable[str], color: t.Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
"""Decide what method to use for paging through text."""
stdout = _default_text_stdout()
if not isatty(sys.stdin) or not isatty(stdout):
return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
pager_cmd = (os.environ.get("PAGER", None) or "").strip()
if pager_cmd:
if WIN:
return _tempfilepager(generator, pager_cmd, color)
return _pipepager(generator, pager_cmd, color)
if os.environ.get("TERM") in ("dumb", "emacs"):
return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
if WIN or sys.platform.startswith("os2"):
return _tempfilepager(generator, "more <", color)
if hasattr(os, "system") and os.system("(less) 2>/dev/null") == 0:
return _pipepager(generator, "less", color)
import tempfile
fd, filename = tempfile.mkstemp()
os.close(fd)
try:
if hasattr(os, "system") and os.system(f'more "{filename}"') == 0:
return _pipepager(generator, "more", color)
return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
finally:
os.unlink(filename)
def _pipepager(generator: t.Iterable[str], cmd: str, color: t.Optional[bool]) -> None:
"""Page through text by feeding it to another program. Invoking a
pager through this might support colors.
"""
import subprocess
env = dict(os.environ)
# If we're piping to less we might support colors under the
# condition that
cmd_detail = cmd.rsplit("/", 1)[-1].split()
if color is None and cmd_detail[0] == "less":
less_flags = f"{os.environ.get('LESS', '')}{' '.join(cmd_detail[1:])}"
if not less_flags:
env["LESS"] = "-R"
color = True
elif "r" in less_flags or "R" in less_flags:
color = True
c = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, env=env)
stdin = t.cast(t.BinaryIO, c.stdin)
encoding = get_best_encoding(stdin)
try:
for text in generator:
if not color:
text = strip_ansi(text)
stdin.write(text.encode(encoding, "replace"))
except (OSError, KeyboardInterrupt):
pass
else:
stdin.close()
# Less doesn't respect ^C, but catches it for its own UI purposes (aborting
# search or other commands inside less).
#
# That means when the user hits ^C, the parent process (click) terminates,
# but less is still alive, paging the output and messing up the terminal.
#
# If the user wants to make the pager exit on ^C, they should set
# `LESS='-K'`. It's not our decision to make.
while True:
try:
c.wait()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
else:
break
def _tempfilepager(
generator: t.Iterable[str], cmd: str, color: t.Optional[bool]
) -> None:
"""Page through text by invoking a program on a temporary file."""
import tempfile
fd, filename = tempfile.mkstemp()
# TODO: This never terminates if the passed generator never terminates.
text = "".join(generator)
if not color:
text = strip_ansi(text)
encoding = get_best_encoding(sys.stdout)
with open_stream(filename, "wb")[0] as f:
f.write(text.encode(encoding))
try:
os.system(f'{cmd} "{filename}"')
finally:
os.close(fd)
os.unlink(filename)
def _nullpager(
stream: t.TextIO, generator: t.Iterable[str], color: t.Optional[bool]
) -> None:
"""Simply print unformatted text. This is the ultimate fallback."""
for text in generator:
if not color:
text = strip_ansi(text)
stream.write(text)
class Editor:
def __init__(
self,
editor: t.Optional[str] = None,
env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, str]] = None,
require_save: bool = True,
extension: str = ".txt",
) -> None:
self.editor = editor
self.env = env
self.require_save = require_save
self.extension = extension
def get_editor(self) -> str:
if self.editor is not None:
return self.editor
for key in "VISUAL", "EDITOR":
rv = os.environ.get(key)
if rv:
return rv
if WIN:
return "notepad"
for editor in "sensible-editor", "vim", "nano":
if os.system(f"which {editor} >/dev/null 2>&1") == 0:
return editor
return "vi"
def edit_file(self, filename: str) -> None:
import subprocess
editor = self.get_editor()
environ: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, str]] = None
if self.env:
environ = os.environ.copy()
environ.update(self.env)
try:
c = subprocess.Popen(f'{editor} "{filename}"', env=environ, shell=True)
exit_code = c.wait()
if exit_code != 0:
raise ClickException(
_("{editor}: Editing failed").format(editor=editor)
)
except OSError as e:
raise ClickException(
_("{editor}: Editing failed: {e}").format(editor=editor, e=e)
) from e
def edit(self, text: t.Optional[t.AnyStr]) -> t.Optional[t.AnyStr]:
import tempfile
if not text:
data = b""
elif isinstance(text, (bytes, bytearray)):
data = text
else:
if text and not text.endswith("\n"):
text += "\n"
if WIN:
data = text.replace("\n", "\r\n").encode("utf-8-sig")
else:
data = text.encode("utf-8")
fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix="editor-", suffix=self.extension)
f: t.BinaryIO
try:
with os.fdopen(fd, "wb") as f:
f.write(data)
# If the filesystem resolution is 1 second, like Mac OS
# 10.12 Extended, or 2 seconds, like FAT32, and the editor
# closes very fast, require_save can fail. Set the modified
# time to be 2 seconds in the past to work around this.
os.utime(name, (os.path.getatime(name), os.path.getmtime(name) - 2))
# Depending on the resolution, the exact value might not be
# recorded, so get the new recorded value.
timestamp = os.path.getmtime(name)
self.edit_file(name)
if self.require_save and os.path.getmtime(name) == timestamp:
return None
with open(name, "rb") as f:
rv = f.read()
if isinstance(text, (bytes, bytearray)):
return rv
return rv.decode("utf-8-sig").replace("\r\n", "\n") # type: ignore
finally:
os.unlink(name)
def open_url(url: str, wait: bool = False, locate: bool = False) -> int:
import subprocess
def _unquote_file(url: str) -> str:
from urllib.parse import unquote
if url.startswith("file://"):
url = unquote(url[7:])
return url
if sys.platform == "darwin":
args = ["open"]
if wait:
args.append("-W")
if locate:
args.append("-R")
args.append(_unquote_file(url))
null = open("/dev/null", "w")
try:
return subprocess.Popen(args, stderr=null).wait()
finally:
null.close()
elif WIN:
if locate:
url = _unquote_file(url.replace('"', ""))
args = f'explorer /select,"{url}"'
else:
url = url.replace('"', "")
wait_str = "/WAIT" if wait else ""
args = f'start {wait_str} "" "{url}"'
return os.system(args)
elif CYGWIN:
if locate:
url = os.path.dirname(_unquote_file(url).replace('"', ""))
args = f'cygstart "{url}"'
else:
url = url.replace('"', "")
wait_str = "-w" if wait else ""
args = f'cygstart {wait_str} "{url}"'
return os.system(args)
try:
if locate:
url = os.path.dirname(_unquote_file(url)) or "."
else:
url = _unquote_file(url)
c = subprocess.Popen(["xdg-open", url])
if wait:
return c.wait()
return 0
except OSError:
if url.startswith(("http://", "https://")) and not locate and not wait:
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open(url)
return 0
return 1
def _translate_ch_to_exc(ch: str) -> t.Optional[BaseException]:
if ch == "\x03":
raise KeyboardInterrupt()
if ch == "\x04" and not WIN: # Unix-like, Ctrl+D
raise EOFError()
if ch == "\x1a" and WIN: # Windows, Ctrl+Z
raise EOFError()
return None
if WIN:
import msvcrt
@contextlib.contextmanager
def raw_terminal() -> t.Iterator[int]:
yield -1
def getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
# The function `getch` will return a bytes object corresponding to
# the pressed character. Since Windows 10 build 1803, it will also
# return \x00 when called a second time after pressing a regular key.
#
# `getwch` does not share this probably-bugged behavior. Moreover, it
# returns a Unicode object by default, which is what we want.
#
# Either of these functions will return \x00 or \xe0 to indicate
# a special key, and you need to call the same function again to get
# the "rest" of the code. The fun part is that \u00e0 is
# "latin small letter a with grave", so if you type that on a French
# keyboard, you _also_ get a \xe0.
# E.g., consider the Up arrow. This returns \xe0 and then \x48. The
# resulting Unicode string reads as "a with grave" + "capital H".
# This is indistinguishable from when the user actually types
# "a with grave" and then "capital H".
#
# When \xe0 is returned, we assume it's part of a special-key sequence
# and call `getwch` again, but that means that when the user types
# the \u00e0 character, `getchar` doesn't return until a second
# character is typed.
# The alternative is returning immediately, but that would mess up
# cross-platform handling of arrow keys and others that start with
# \xe0. Another option is using `getch`, but then we can't reliably
# read non-ASCII characters, because return values of `getch` are
# limited to the current 8-bit codepage.
#
# Anyway, Click doesn't claim to do this Right(tm), and using `getwch`
# is doing the right thing in more situations than with `getch`.
func: t.Callable[[], str]
if echo:
func = msvcrt.getwche # type: ignore
else:
func = msvcrt.getwch # type: ignore
rv = func()
if rv in ("\x00", "\xe0"):
# \x00 and \xe0 are control characters that indicate special key,
# see above.
rv += func()
_translate_ch_to_exc(rv)
return rv
else:
import tty
import termios
@contextlib.contextmanager
def raw_terminal() -> t.Iterator[int]:
f: t.Optional[t.TextIO]
fd: int
if not isatty(sys.stdin):
f = open("/dev/tty")
fd = f.fileno()
else:
fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
f = None
try:
old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
try:
tty.setraw(fd)
yield fd
finally:
termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings)
sys.stdout.flush()
if f is not None:
f.close()
except termios.error:
pass
def getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
with raw_terminal() as fd:
ch = os.read(fd, 32).decode(get_best_encoding(sys.stdin), "replace")
if echo and isatty(sys.stdout):
sys.stdout.write(ch)
_translate_ch_to_exc(ch)
return ch

@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
import textwrap
import typing as t
from contextlib import contextmanager
class TextWrapper(textwrap.TextWrapper):
def _handle_long_word(
self,
reversed_chunks: t.List[str],
cur_line: t.List[str],
cur_len: int,
width: int,
) -> None:
space_left = max(width - cur_len, 1)
if self.break_long_words:
last = reversed_chunks[-1]
cut = last[:space_left]
res = last[space_left:]
cur_line.append(cut)
reversed_chunks[-1] = res
elif not cur_line:
cur_line.append(reversed_chunks.pop())
@contextmanager
def extra_indent(self, indent: str) -> t.Iterator[None]:
old_initial_indent = self.initial_indent
old_subsequent_indent = self.subsequent_indent
self.initial_indent += indent
self.subsequent_indent += indent
try:
yield
finally:
self.initial_indent = old_initial_indent
self.subsequent_indent = old_subsequent_indent
def indent_only(self, text: str) -> str:
rv = []
for idx, line in enumerate(text.splitlines()):
indent = self.initial_indent
if idx > 0:
indent = self.subsequent_indent
rv.append(f"{indent}{line}")
return "\n".join(rv)

@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
# This module is based on the excellent work by Adam Bartoš who
# provided a lot of what went into the implementation here in
# the discussion to issue1602 in the Python bug tracker.
#
# There are some general differences in regards to how this works
# compared to the original patches as we do not need to patch
# the entire interpreter but just work in our little world of
# echo and prompt.
import io
import sys
import time
import typing as t
from ctypes import byref
from ctypes import c_char
from ctypes import c_char_p
from ctypes import c_int
from ctypes import c_ssize_t
from ctypes import c_ulong
from ctypes import c_void_p
from ctypes import POINTER
from ctypes import py_object
from ctypes import Structure
from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD
from ctypes.wintypes import HANDLE
from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR
from ctypes.wintypes import LPWSTR
from ._compat import _NonClosingTextIOWrapper
assert sys.platform == "win32"
import msvcrt # noqa: E402
from ctypes import windll # noqa: E402
from ctypes import WINFUNCTYPE # noqa: E402
c_ssize_p = POINTER(c_ssize_t)
kernel32 = windll.kernel32
GetStdHandle = kernel32.GetStdHandle
ReadConsoleW = kernel32.ReadConsoleW
WriteConsoleW = kernel32.WriteConsoleW
GetConsoleMode = kernel32.GetConsoleMode
GetLastError = kernel32.GetLastError
GetCommandLineW = WINFUNCTYPE(LPWSTR)(("GetCommandLineW", windll.kernel32))
CommandLineToArgvW = WINFUNCTYPE(POINTER(LPWSTR), LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int))(
("CommandLineToArgvW", windll.shell32)
)
LocalFree = WINFUNCTYPE(c_void_p, c_void_p)(("LocalFree", windll.kernel32))
STDIN_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-10)
STDOUT_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-11)
STDERR_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-12)
PyBUF_SIMPLE = 0
PyBUF_WRITABLE = 1
ERROR_SUCCESS = 0
ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY = 8
ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED = 995
STDIN_FILENO = 0
STDOUT_FILENO = 1
STDERR_FILENO = 2
EOF = b"\x1a"
MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN = 32767
try:
from ctypes import pythonapi
except ImportError:
# On PyPy we cannot get buffers so our ability to operate here is
# severely limited.
get_buffer = None
else:
class Py_buffer(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("buf", c_void_p),
("obj", py_object),
("len", c_ssize_t),
("itemsize", c_ssize_t),
("readonly", c_int),
("ndim", c_int),
("format", c_char_p),
("shape", c_ssize_p),
("strides", c_ssize_p),
("suboffsets", c_ssize_p),
("internal", c_void_p),
]
PyObject_GetBuffer = pythonapi.PyObject_GetBuffer
PyBuffer_Release = pythonapi.PyBuffer_Release
def get_buffer(obj, writable=False):
buf = Py_buffer()
flags = PyBUF_WRITABLE if writable else PyBUF_SIMPLE
PyObject_GetBuffer(py_object(obj), byref(buf), flags)
try:
buffer_type = c_char * buf.len
return buffer_type.from_address(buf.buf)
finally:
PyBuffer_Release(byref(buf))
class _WindowsConsoleRawIOBase(io.RawIOBase):
def __init__(self, handle):
self.handle = handle
def isatty(self):
super().isatty()
return True
class _WindowsConsoleReader(_WindowsConsoleRawIOBase):
def readable(self):
return True
def readinto(self, b):
bytes_to_be_read = len(b)
if not bytes_to_be_read:
return 0
elif bytes_to_be_read % 2:
raise ValueError(
"cannot read odd number of bytes from UTF-16-LE encoded console"
)
buffer = get_buffer(b, writable=True)
code_units_to_be_read = bytes_to_be_read // 2
code_units_read = c_ulong()
rv = ReadConsoleW(
HANDLE(self.handle),
buffer,
code_units_to_be_read,
byref(code_units_read),
None,
)
if GetLastError() == ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED:
# wait for KeyboardInterrupt
time.sleep(0.1)
if not rv:
raise OSError(f"Windows error: {GetLastError()}")
if buffer[0] == EOF:
return 0
return 2 * code_units_read.value
class _WindowsConsoleWriter(_WindowsConsoleRawIOBase):
def writable(self):
return True
@staticmethod
def _get_error_message(errno):
if errno == ERROR_SUCCESS:
return "ERROR_SUCCESS"
elif errno == ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
return "ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY"
return f"Windows error {errno}"
def write(self, b):
bytes_to_be_written = len(b)
buf = get_buffer(b)
code_units_to_be_written = min(bytes_to_be_written, MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN) // 2
code_units_written = c_ulong()
WriteConsoleW(
HANDLE(self.handle),
buf,
code_units_to_be_written,
byref(code_units_written),
None,
)
bytes_written = 2 * code_units_written.value
if bytes_written == 0 and bytes_to_be_written > 0:
raise OSError(self._get_error_message(GetLastError()))
return bytes_written
class ConsoleStream:
def __init__(self, text_stream: t.TextIO, byte_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> None:
self._text_stream = text_stream
self.buffer = byte_stream
@property
def name(self) -> str:
return self.buffer.name
def write(self, x: t.AnyStr) -> int:
if isinstance(x, str):
return self._text_stream.write(x)
try:
self.flush()
except Exception:
pass
return self.buffer.write(x)
def writelines(self, lines: t.Iterable[t.AnyStr]) -> None:
for line in lines:
self.write(line)
def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
return getattr(self._text_stream, name)
def isatty(self) -> bool:
return self.buffer.isatty()
def __repr__(self):
return f"<ConsoleStream name={self.name!r} encoding={self.encoding!r}>"
def _get_text_stdin(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
io.BufferedReader(_WindowsConsoleReader(STDIN_HANDLE)),
"utf-16-le",
"strict",
line_buffering=True,
)
return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
def _get_text_stdout(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
io.BufferedWriter(_WindowsConsoleWriter(STDOUT_HANDLE)),
"utf-16-le",
"strict",
line_buffering=True,
)
return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
def _get_text_stderr(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
io.BufferedWriter(_WindowsConsoleWriter(STDERR_HANDLE)),
"utf-16-le",
"strict",
line_buffering=True,
)
return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
_stream_factories: t.Mapping[int, t.Callable[[t.BinaryIO], t.TextIO]] = {
0: _get_text_stdin,
1: _get_text_stdout,
2: _get_text_stderr,
}
def _is_console(f: t.TextIO) -> bool:
if not hasattr(f, "fileno"):
return False
try:
fileno = f.fileno()
except (OSError, io.UnsupportedOperation):
return False
handle = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(fileno)
return bool(GetConsoleMode(handle, byref(DWORD())))
def _get_windows_console_stream(
f: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
) -> t.Optional[t.TextIO]:
if (
get_buffer is not None
and encoding in {"utf-16-le", None}
and errors in {"strict", None}
and _is_console(f)
):
func = _stream_factories.get(f.fileno())
if func is not None:
b = getattr(f, "buffer", None)
if b is None:
return None
return func(b)

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@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
import inspect
import types
import typing as t
from functools import update_wrapper
from gettext import gettext as _
from .core import Argument
from .core import Command
from .core import Context
from .core import Group
from .core import Option
from .core import Parameter
from .globals import get_current_context
from .utils import echo
F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
FC = t.TypeVar("FC", bound=t.Union[t.Callable[..., t.Any], Command])
def pass_context(f: F) -> F:
"""Marks a callback as wanting to receive the current context
object as first argument.
"""
def new_func(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
def pass_obj(f: F) -> F:
"""Similar to :func:`pass_context`, but only pass the object on the
context onwards (:attr:`Context.obj`). This is useful if that object
represents the state of a nested system.
"""
def new_func(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
return f(get_current_context().obj, *args, **kwargs)
return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
def make_pass_decorator(
object_type: t.Type, ensure: bool = False
) -> "t.Callable[[F], F]":
"""Given an object type this creates a decorator that will work
similar to :func:`pass_obj` but instead of passing the object of the
current context, it will find the innermost context of type
:func:`object_type`.
This generates a decorator that works roughly like this::
from functools import update_wrapper
def decorator(f):
@pass_context
def new_func(ctx, *args, **kwargs):
obj = ctx.find_object(object_type)
return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
return update_wrapper(new_func, f)
return decorator
:param object_type: the type of the object to pass.
:param ensure: if set to `True`, a new object will be created and
remembered on the context if it's not there yet.
"""
def decorator(f: F) -> F:
def new_func(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
ctx = get_current_context()
if ensure:
obj = ctx.ensure_object(object_type)
else:
obj = ctx.find_object(object_type)
if obj is None:
raise RuntimeError(
"Managed to invoke callback without a context"
f" object of type {object_type.__name__!r}"
" existing."
)
return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
return decorator
def pass_meta_key(
key: str, *, doc_description: t.Optional[str] = None
) -> "t.Callable[[F], F]":
"""Create a decorator that passes a key from
:attr:`click.Context.meta` as the first argument to the decorated
function.
:param key: Key in ``Context.meta`` to pass.
:param doc_description: Description of the object being passed,
inserted into the decorator's docstring. Defaults to "the 'key'
key from Context.meta".
.. versionadded:: 8.0
"""
def decorator(f: F) -> F:
def new_func(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
ctx = get_current_context()
obj = ctx.meta[key]
return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
if doc_description is None:
doc_description = f"the {key!r} key from :attr:`click.Context.meta`"
decorator.__doc__ = (
f"Decorator that passes {doc_description} as the first argument"
" to the decorated function."
)
return decorator
CmdType = t.TypeVar("CmdType", bound=Command)
@t.overload
def command(
__func: t.Callable[..., t.Any],
) -> Command:
...
@t.overload
def command(
name: t.Optional[str] = None,
**attrs: t.Any,
) -> t.Callable[..., Command]:
...
@t.overload
def command(
name: t.Optional[str] = None,
cls: t.Type[CmdType] = ...,
**attrs: t.Any,
) -> t.Callable[..., CmdType]:
...
def command(
name: t.Union[str, t.Callable[..., t.Any], None] = None,
cls: t.Optional[t.Type[Command]] = None,
**attrs: t.Any,
) -> t.Union[Command, t.Callable[..., Command]]:
r"""Creates a new :class:`Command` and uses the decorated function as
callback. This will also automatically attach all decorated
:func:`option`\s and :func:`argument`\s as parameters to the command.
The name of the command defaults to the name of the function with
underscores replaced by dashes. If you want to change that, you can
pass the intended name as the first argument.
All keyword arguments are forwarded to the underlying command class.
For the ``params`` argument, any decorated params are appended to
the end of the list.
Once decorated the function turns into a :class:`Command` instance
that can be invoked as a command line utility or be attached to a
command :class:`Group`.
:param name: the name of the command. This defaults to the function
name with underscores replaced by dashes.
:param cls: the command class to instantiate. This defaults to
:class:`Command`.
.. versionchanged:: 8.1
This decorator can be applied without parentheses.
.. versionchanged:: 8.1
The ``params`` argument can be used. Decorated params are
appended to the end of the list.
"""
func: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]] = None
if callable(name):
func = name
name = None
assert cls is None, "Use 'command(cls=cls)(callable)' to specify a class."
assert not attrs, "Use 'command(**kwargs)(callable)' to provide arguments."
if cls is None:
cls = Command
def decorator(f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> Command:
if isinstance(f, Command):
raise TypeError("Attempted to convert a callback into a command twice.")
attr_params = attrs.pop("params", None)
params = attr_params if attr_params is not None else []
try:
decorator_params = f.__click_params__ # type: ignore
except AttributeError:
pass
else:
del f.__click_params__ # type: ignore
params.extend(reversed(decorator_params))
if attrs.get("help") is None:
attrs["help"] = f.__doc__
cmd = cls( # type: ignore[misc]
name=name or f.__name__.lower().replace("_", "-"), # type: ignore[arg-type]
callback=f,
params=params,
**attrs,
)
cmd.__doc__ = f.__doc__
return cmd
if func is not None:
return decorator(func)
return decorator
@t.overload
def group(
__func: t.Callable[..., t.Any],
) -> Group:
...
@t.overload
def group(
name: t.Optional[str] = None,
**attrs: t.Any,
) -> t.Callable[[F], Group]:
...
def group(
name: t.Union[str, t.Callable[..., t.Any], None] = None, **attrs: t.Any
) -> t.Union[Group, t.Callable[[F], Group]]:
"""Creates a new :class:`Group` with a function as callback. This
works otherwise the same as :func:`command` just that the `cls`
parameter is set to :class:`Group`.
.. versionchanged:: 8.1
This decorator can be applied without parentheses.
"""
if attrs.get("cls") is None:
attrs["cls"] = Group
if callable(name):
grp: t.Callable[[F], Group] = t.cast(Group, command(**attrs))
return grp(name)
return t.cast(Group, command(name, **attrs))
def _param_memo(f: FC, param: Parameter) -> None:
if isinstance(f, Command):
f.params.append(param)
else:
if not hasattr(f, "__click_params__"):
f.__click_params__ = [] # type: ignore
f.__click_params__.append(param) # type: ignore
def argument(*param_decls: str, **attrs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
"""Attaches an argument to the command. All positional arguments are
passed as parameter declarations to :class:`Argument`; all keyword
arguments are forwarded unchanged (except ``cls``).
This is equivalent to creating an :class:`Argument` instance manually
and attaching it to the :attr:`Command.params` list.
:param cls: the argument class to instantiate. This defaults to
:class:`Argument`.
"""
def decorator(f: FC) -> FC:
ArgumentClass = attrs.pop("cls", None) or Argument
_param_memo(f, ArgumentClass(param_decls, **attrs))
return f
return decorator
def option(*param_decls: str, **attrs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
"""Attaches an option to the command. All positional arguments are
passed as parameter declarations to :class:`Option`; all keyword
arguments are forwarded unchanged (except ``cls``).
This is equivalent to creating an :class:`Option` instance manually
and attaching it to the :attr:`Command.params` list.
:param cls: the option class to instantiate. This defaults to
:class:`Option`.
"""
def decorator(f: FC) -> FC:
# Issue 926, copy attrs, so pre-defined options can re-use the same cls=
option_attrs = attrs.copy()
OptionClass = option_attrs.pop("cls", None) or Option
_param_memo(f, OptionClass(param_decls, **option_attrs))
return f
return decorator
def confirmation_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
"""Add a ``--yes`` option which shows a prompt before continuing if
not passed. If the prompt is declined, the program will exit.
:param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
value ``"--yes"``.
:param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
"""
def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
if not value:
ctx.abort()
if not param_decls:
param_decls = ("--yes",)
kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
kwargs.setdefault("callback", callback)
kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
kwargs.setdefault("prompt", "Do you want to continue?")
kwargs.setdefault("help", "Confirm the action without prompting.")
return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
def password_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
"""Add a ``--password`` option which prompts for a password, hiding
input and asking to enter the value again for confirmation.
:param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
value ``"--password"``.
:param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
"""
if not param_decls:
param_decls = ("--password",)
kwargs.setdefault("prompt", True)
kwargs.setdefault("confirmation_prompt", True)
kwargs.setdefault("hide_input", True)
return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
def version_option(
version: t.Optional[str] = None,
*param_decls: str,
package_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
message: t.Optional[str] = None,
**kwargs: t.Any,
) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
"""Add a ``--version`` option which immediately prints the version
number and exits the program.
If ``version`` is not provided, Click will try to detect it using
:func:`importlib.metadata.version` to get the version for the
``package_name``. On Python < 3.8, the ``importlib_metadata``
backport must be installed.
If ``package_name`` is not provided, Click will try to detect it by
inspecting the stack frames. This will be used to detect the
version, so it must match the name of the installed package.
:param version: The version number to show. If not provided, Click
will try to detect it.
:param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
value ``"--version"``.
:param package_name: The package name to detect the version from. If
not provided, Click will try to detect it.
:param prog_name: The name of the CLI to show in the message. If not
provided, it will be detected from the command.
:param message: The message to show. The values ``%(prog)s``,
``%(package)s``, and ``%(version)s`` are available. Defaults to
``"%(prog)s, version %(version)s"``.
:param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
:raise RuntimeError: ``version`` could not be detected.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Add the ``package_name`` parameter, and the ``%(package)s``
value for messages.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Use :mod:`importlib.metadata` instead of ``pkg_resources``. The
version is detected based on the package name, not the entry
point name. The Python package name must match the installed
package name, or be passed with ``package_name=``.
"""
if message is None:
message = _("%(prog)s, version %(version)s")
if version is None and package_name is None:
frame = inspect.currentframe()
f_back = frame.f_back if frame is not None else None
f_globals = f_back.f_globals if f_back is not None else None
# break reference cycle
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/inspect.html#the-interpreter-stack
del frame
if f_globals is not None:
package_name = f_globals.get("__name__")
if package_name == "__main__":
package_name = f_globals.get("__package__")
if package_name:
package_name = package_name.partition(".")[0]
def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
return
nonlocal prog_name
nonlocal version
if prog_name is None:
prog_name = ctx.find_root().info_name
if version is None and package_name is not None:
metadata: t.Optional[types.ModuleType]
try:
from importlib import metadata # type: ignore
except ImportError:
# Python < 3.8
import importlib_metadata as metadata # type: ignore
try:
version = metadata.version(package_name) # type: ignore
except metadata.PackageNotFoundError: # type: ignore
raise RuntimeError(
f"{package_name!r} is not installed. Try passing"
" 'package_name' instead."
) from None
if version is None:
raise RuntimeError(
f"Could not determine the version for {package_name!r} automatically."
)
echo(
t.cast(str, message)
% {"prog": prog_name, "package": package_name, "version": version},
color=ctx.color,
)
ctx.exit()
if not param_decls:
param_decls = ("--version",)
kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
kwargs.setdefault("is_eager", True)
kwargs.setdefault("help", _("Show the version and exit."))
kwargs["callback"] = callback
return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
def help_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
"""Add a ``--help`` option which immediately prints the help page
and exits the program.
This is usually unnecessary, as the ``--help`` option is added to
each command automatically unless ``add_help_option=False`` is
passed.
:param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
value ``"--help"``.
:param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
"""
def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
return
echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
ctx.exit()
if not param_decls:
param_decls = ("--help",)
kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
kwargs.setdefault("is_eager", True)
kwargs.setdefault("help", _("Show this message and exit."))
kwargs["callback"] = callback
return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)

@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
import os
import typing as t
from gettext import gettext as _
from gettext import ngettext
from ._compat import get_text_stderr
from .utils import echo
if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
from .core import Context
from .core import Parameter
def _join_param_hints(
param_hint: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Sequence[str], str]]
) -> t.Optional[str]:
if param_hint is not None and not isinstance(param_hint, str):
return " / ".join(repr(x) for x in param_hint)
return param_hint
class ClickException(Exception):
"""An exception that Click can handle and show to the user."""
#: The exit code for this exception.
exit_code = 1
def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
super().__init__(message)
self.message = message
def format_message(self) -> str:
return self.message
def __str__(self) -> str:
return self.message
def show(self, file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None) -> None:
if file is None:
file = get_text_stderr()
echo(_("Error: {message}").format(message=self.format_message()), file=file)
class UsageError(ClickException):
"""An internal exception that signals a usage error. This typically
aborts any further handling.
:param message: the error message to display.
:param ctx: optionally the context that caused this error. Click will
fill in the context automatically in some situations.
"""
exit_code = 2
def __init__(self, message: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None) -> None:
super().__init__(message)
self.ctx = ctx
self.cmd = self.ctx.command if self.ctx else None
def show(self, file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None) -> None:
if file is None:
file = get_text_stderr()
color = None
hint = ""
if (
self.ctx is not None
and self.ctx.command.get_help_option(self.ctx) is not None
):
hint = _("Try '{command} {option}' for help.").format(
command=self.ctx.command_path, option=self.ctx.help_option_names[0]
)
hint = f"{hint}\n"
if self.ctx is not None:
color = self.ctx.color
echo(f"{self.ctx.get_usage()}\n{hint}", file=file, color=color)
echo(
_("Error: {message}").format(message=self.format_message()),
file=file,
color=color,
)
class BadParameter(UsageError):
"""An exception that formats out a standardized error message for a
bad parameter. This is useful when thrown from a callback or type as
Click will attach contextual information to it (for instance, which
parameter it is).
.. versionadded:: 2.0
:param param: the parameter object that caused this error. This can
be left out, and Click will attach this info itself
if possible.
:param param_hint: a string that shows up as parameter name. This
can be used as alternative to `param` in cases
where custom validation should happen. If it is
a string it's used as such, if it's a list then
each item is quoted and separated.
"""
def __init__(
self,
message: str,
ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
param_hint: t.Optional[str] = None,
) -> None:
super().__init__(message, ctx)
self.param = param
self.param_hint = param_hint
def format_message(self) -> str:
if self.param_hint is not None:
param_hint = self.param_hint
elif self.param is not None:
param_hint = self.param.get_error_hint(self.ctx) # type: ignore
else:
return _("Invalid value: {message}").format(message=self.message)
return _("Invalid value for {param_hint}: {message}").format(
param_hint=_join_param_hints(param_hint), message=self.message
)
class MissingParameter(BadParameter):
"""Raised if click required an option or argument but it was not
provided when invoking the script.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
:param param_type: a string that indicates the type of the parameter.
The default is to inherit the parameter type from
the given `param`. Valid values are ``'parameter'``,
``'option'`` or ``'argument'``.
"""
def __init__(
self,
message: t.Optional[str] = None,
ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
param_hint: t.Optional[str] = None,
param_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
) -> None:
super().__init__(message or "", ctx, param, param_hint)
self.param_type = param_type
def format_message(self) -> str:
if self.param_hint is not None:
param_hint: t.Optional[str] = self.param_hint
elif self.param is not None:
param_hint = self.param.get_error_hint(self.ctx) # type: ignore
else:
param_hint = None
param_hint = _join_param_hints(param_hint)
param_hint = f" {param_hint}" if param_hint else ""
param_type = self.param_type
if param_type is None and self.param is not None:
param_type = self.param.param_type_name
msg = self.message
if self.param is not None:
msg_extra = self.param.type.get_missing_message(self.param)
if msg_extra:
if msg:
msg += f". {msg_extra}"
else:
msg = msg_extra
msg = f" {msg}" if msg else ""
# Translate param_type for known types.
if param_type == "argument":
missing = _("Missing argument")
elif param_type == "option":
missing = _("Missing option")
elif param_type == "parameter":
missing = _("Missing parameter")
else:
missing = _("Missing {param_type}").format(param_type=param_type)
return f"{missing}{param_hint}.{msg}"
def __str__(self) -> str:
if not self.message:
param_name = self.param.name if self.param else None
return _("Missing parameter: {param_name}").format(param_name=param_name)
else:
return self.message
class NoSuchOption(UsageError):
"""Raised if click attempted to handle an option that does not
exist.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
"""
def __init__(
self,
option_name: str,
message: t.Optional[str] = None,
possibilities: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
) -> None:
if message is None:
message = _("No such option: {name}").format(name=option_name)
super().__init__(message, ctx)
self.option_name = option_name
self.possibilities = possibilities
def format_message(self) -> str:
if not self.possibilities:
return self.message
possibility_str = ", ".join(sorted(self.possibilities))
suggest = ngettext(
"Did you mean {possibility}?",
"(Possible options: {possibilities})",
len(self.possibilities),
).format(possibility=possibility_str, possibilities=possibility_str)
return f"{self.message} {suggest}"
class BadOptionUsage(UsageError):
"""Raised if an option is generally supplied but the use of the option
was incorrect. This is for instance raised if the number of arguments
for an option is not correct.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
:param option_name: the name of the option being used incorrectly.
"""
def __init__(
self, option_name: str, message: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None
) -> None:
super().__init__(message, ctx)
self.option_name = option_name
class BadArgumentUsage(UsageError):
"""Raised if an argument is generally supplied but the use of the argument
was incorrect. This is for instance raised if the number of values
for an argument is not correct.
.. versionadded:: 6.0
"""
class FileError(ClickException):
"""Raised if a file cannot be opened."""
def __init__(self, filename: str, hint: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
if hint is None:
hint = _("unknown error")
super().__init__(hint)
self.ui_filename = os.fsdecode(filename)
self.filename = filename
def format_message(self) -> str:
return _("Could not open file {filename!r}: {message}").format(
filename=self.ui_filename, message=self.message
)
class Abort(RuntimeError):
"""An internal signalling exception that signals Click to abort."""
class Exit(RuntimeError):
"""An exception that indicates that the application should exit with some
status code.
:param code: the status code to exit with.
"""
__slots__ = ("exit_code",)
def __init__(self, code: int = 0) -> None:
self.exit_code = code

@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
import typing as t
from contextlib import contextmanager
from gettext import gettext as _
from ._compat import term_len
from .parser import split_opt
# Can force a width. This is used by the test system
FORCED_WIDTH: t.Optional[int] = None
def measure_table(rows: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]) -> t.Tuple[int, ...]:
widths: t.Dict[int, int] = {}
for row in rows:
for idx, col in enumerate(row):
widths[idx] = max(widths.get(idx, 0), term_len(col))
return tuple(y for x, y in sorted(widths.items()))
def iter_rows(
rows: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]], col_count: int
) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, ...]]:
for row in rows:
yield row + ("",) * (col_count - len(row))
def wrap_text(
text: str,
width: int = 78,
initial_indent: str = "",
subsequent_indent: str = "",
preserve_paragraphs: bool = False,
) -> str:
"""A helper function that intelligently wraps text. By default, it
assumes that it operates on a single paragraph of text but if the
`preserve_paragraphs` parameter is provided it will intelligently
handle paragraphs (defined by two empty lines).
If paragraphs are handled, a paragraph can be prefixed with an empty
line containing the ``\\b`` character (``\\x08``) to indicate that
no rewrapping should happen in that block.
:param text: the text that should be rewrapped.
:param width: the maximum width for the text.
:param initial_indent: the initial indent that should be placed on the
first line as a string.
:param subsequent_indent: the indent string that should be placed on
each consecutive line.
:param preserve_paragraphs: if this flag is set then the wrapping will
intelligently handle paragraphs.
"""
from ._textwrap import TextWrapper
text = text.expandtabs()
wrapper = TextWrapper(
width,
initial_indent=initial_indent,
subsequent_indent=subsequent_indent,
replace_whitespace=False,
)
if not preserve_paragraphs:
return wrapper.fill(text)
p: t.List[t.Tuple[int, bool, str]] = []
buf: t.List[str] = []
indent = None
def _flush_par() -> None:
if not buf:
return
if buf[0].strip() == "\b":
p.append((indent or 0, True, "\n".join(buf[1:])))
else:
p.append((indent or 0, False, " ".join(buf)))
del buf[:]
for line in text.splitlines():
if not line:
_flush_par()
indent = None
else:
if indent is None:
orig_len = term_len(line)
line = line.lstrip()
indent = orig_len - term_len(line)
buf.append(line)
_flush_par()
rv = []
for indent, raw, text in p:
with wrapper.extra_indent(" " * indent):
if raw:
rv.append(wrapper.indent_only(text))
else:
rv.append(wrapper.fill(text))
return "\n\n".join(rv)
class HelpFormatter:
"""This class helps with formatting text-based help pages. It's
usually just needed for very special internal cases, but it's also
exposed so that developers can write their own fancy outputs.
At present, it always writes into memory.
:param indent_increment: the additional increment for each level.
:param width: the width for the text. This defaults to the terminal
width clamped to a maximum of 78.
"""
def __init__(
self,
indent_increment: int = 2,
width: t.Optional[int] = None,
max_width: t.Optional[int] = None,
) -> None:
import shutil
self.indent_increment = indent_increment
if max_width is None:
max_width = 80
if width is None:
width = FORCED_WIDTH
if width is None:
width = max(min(shutil.get_terminal_size().columns, max_width) - 2, 50)
self.width = width
self.current_indent = 0
self.buffer: t.List[str] = []
def write(self, string: str) -> None:
"""Writes a unicode string into the internal buffer."""
self.buffer.append(string)
def indent(self) -> None:
"""Increases the indentation."""
self.current_indent += self.indent_increment
def dedent(self) -> None:
"""Decreases the indentation."""
self.current_indent -= self.indent_increment
def write_usage(
self, prog: str, args: str = "", prefix: t.Optional[str] = None
) -> None:
"""Writes a usage line into the buffer.
:param prog: the program name.
:param args: whitespace separated list of arguments.
:param prefix: The prefix for the first line. Defaults to
``"Usage: "``.
"""
if prefix is None:
prefix = f"{_('Usage:')} "
usage_prefix = f"{prefix:>{self.current_indent}}{prog} "
text_width = self.width - self.current_indent
if text_width >= (term_len(usage_prefix) + 20):
# The arguments will fit to the right of the prefix.
indent = " " * term_len(usage_prefix)
self.write(
wrap_text(
args,
text_width,
initial_indent=usage_prefix,
subsequent_indent=indent,
)
)
else:
# The prefix is too long, put the arguments on the next line.
self.write(usage_prefix)
self.write("\n")
indent = " " * (max(self.current_indent, term_len(prefix)) + 4)
self.write(
wrap_text(
args, text_width, initial_indent=indent, subsequent_indent=indent
)
)
self.write("\n")
def write_heading(self, heading: str) -> None:
"""Writes a heading into the buffer."""
self.write(f"{'':>{self.current_indent}}{heading}:\n")
def write_paragraph(self) -> None:
"""Writes a paragraph into the buffer."""
if self.buffer:
self.write("\n")
def write_text(self, text: str) -> None:
"""Writes re-indented text into the buffer. This rewraps and
preserves paragraphs.
"""
indent = " " * self.current_indent
self.write(
wrap_text(
text,
self.width,
initial_indent=indent,
subsequent_indent=indent,
preserve_paragraphs=True,
)
)
self.write("\n")
def write_dl(
self,
rows: t.Sequence[t.Tuple[str, str]],
col_max: int = 30,
col_spacing: int = 2,
) -> None:
"""Writes a definition list into the buffer. This is how options
and commands are usually formatted.
:param rows: a list of two item tuples for the terms and values.
:param col_max: the maximum width of the first column.
:param col_spacing: the number of spaces between the first and
second column.
"""
rows = list(rows)
widths = measure_table(rows)
if len(widths) != 2:
raise TypeError("Expected two columns for definition list")
first_col = min(widths[0], col_max) + col_spacing
for first, second in iter_rows(rows, len(widths)):
self.write(f"{'':>{self.current_indent}}{first}")
if not second:
self.write("\n")
continue
if term_len(first) <= first_col - col_spacing:
self.write(" " * (first_col - term_len(first)))
else:
self.write("\n")
self.write(" " * (first_col + self.current_indent))
text_width = max(self.width - first_col - 2, 10)
wrapped_text = wrap_text(second, text_width, preserve_paragraphs=True)
lines = wrapped_text.splitlines()
if lines:
self.write(f"{lines[0]}\n")
for line in lines[1:]:
self.write(f"{'':>{first_col + self.current_indent}}{line}\n")
else:
self.write("\n")
@contextmanager
def section(self, name: str) -> t.Iterator[None]:
"""Helpful context manager that writes a paragraph, a heading,
and the indents.
:param name: the section name that is written as heading.
"""
self.write_paragraph()
self.write_heading(name)
self.indent()
try:
yield
finally:
self.dedent()
@contextmanager
def indentation(self) -> t.Iterator[None]:
"""A context manager that increases the indentation."""
self.indent()
try:
yield
finally:
self.dedent()
def getvalue(self) -> str:
"""Returns the buffer contents."""
return "".join(self.buffer)
def join_options(options: t.Sequence[str]) -> t.Tuple[str, bool]:
"""Given a list of option strings this joins them in the most appropriate
way and returns them in the form ``(formatted_string,
any_prefix_is_slash)`` where the second item in the tuple is a flag that
indicates if any of the option prefixes was a slash.
"""
rv = []
any_prefix_is_slash = False
for opt in options:
prefix = split_opt(opt)[0]
if prefix == "/":
any_prefix_is_slash = True
rv.append((len(prefix), opt))
rv.sort(key=lambda x: x[0])
return ", ".join(x[1] for x in rv), any_prefix_is_slash

@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
import typing as t
from threading import local
if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
import typing_extensions as te
from .core import Context
_local = local()
@t.overload
def get_current_context(silent: "te.Literal[False]" = False) -> "Context":
...
@t.overload
def get_current_context(silent: bool = ...) -> t.Optional["Context"]:
...
def get_current_context(silent: bool = False) -> t.Optional["Context"]:
"""Returns the current click context. This can be used as a way to
access the current context object from anywhere. This is a more implicit
alternative to the :func:`pass_context` decorator. This function is
primarily useful for helpers such as :func:`echo` which might be
interested in changing its behavior based on the current context.
To push the current context, :meth:`Context.scope` can be used.
.. versionadded:: 5.0
:param silent: if set to `True` the return value is `None` if no context
is available. The default behavior is to raise a
:exc:`RuntimeError`.
"""
try:
return t.cast("Context", _local.stack[-1])
except (AttributeError, IndexError) as e:
if not silent:
raise RuntimeError("There is no active click context.") from e
return None
def push_context(ctx: "Context") -> None:
"""Pushes a new context to the current stack."""
_local.__dict__.setdefault("stack", []).append(ctx)
def pop_context() -> None:
"""Removes the top level from the stack."""
_local.stack.pop()
def resolve_color_default(color: t.Optional[bool] = None) -> t.Optional[bool]:
"""Internal helper to get the default value of the color flag. If a
value is passed it's returned unchanged, otherwise it's looked up from
the current context.
"""
if color is not None:
return color
ctx = get_current_context(silent=True)
if ctx is not None:
return ctx.color
return None

@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
"""
This module started out as largely a copy paste from the stdlib's
optparse module with the features removed that we do not need from
optparse because we implement them in Click on a higher level (for
instance type handling, help formatting and a lot more).
The plan is to remove more and more from here over time.
The reason this is a different module and not optparse from the stdlib
is that there are differences in 2.x and 3.x about the error messages
generated and optparse in the stdlib uses gettext for no good reason
and might cause us issues.
Click uses parts of optparse written by Gregory P. Ward and maintained
by the Python Software Foundation. This is limited to code in parser.py.
Copyright 2001-2006 Gregory P. Ward. All rights reserved.
Copyright 2002-2006 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
"""
# This code uses parts of optparse written by Gregory P. Ward and
# maintained by the Python Software Foundation.
# Copyright 2001-2006 Gregory P. Ward
# Copyright 2002-2006 Python Software Foundation
import typing as t
from collections import deque
from gettext import gettext as _
from gettext import ngettext
from .exceptions import BadArgumentUsage
from .exceptions import BadOptionUsage
from .exceptions import NoSuchOption
from .exceptions import UsageError
if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
import typing_extensions as te
from .core import Argument as CoreArgument
from .core import Context
from .core import Option as CoreOption
from .core import Parameter as CoreParameter
V = t.TypeVar("V")
# Sentinel value that indicates an option was passed as a flag without a
# value but is not a flag option. Option.consume_value uses this to
# prompt or use the flag_value.
_flag_needs_value = object()
def _unpack_args(
args: t.Sequence[str], nargs_spec: t.Sequence[int]
) -> t.Tuple[t.Sequence[t.Union[str, t.Sequence[t.Optional[str]], None]], t.List[str]]:
"""Given an iterable of arguments and an iterable of nargs specifications,
it returns a tuple with all the unpacked arguments at the first index
and all remaining arguments as the second.
The nargs specification is the number of arguments that should be consumed
or `-1` to indicate that this position should eat up all the remainders.
Missing items are filled with `None`.
"""
args = deque(args)
nargs_spec = deque(nargs_spec)
rv: t.List[t.Union[str, t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], ...], None]] = []
spos: t.Optional[int] = None
def _fetch(c: "te.Deque[V]") -> t.Optional[V]:
try:
if spos is None:
return c.popleft()
else:
return c.pop()
except IndexError:
return None
while nargs_spec:
nargs = _fetch(nargs_spec)
if nargs is None:
continue
if nargs == 1:
rv.append(_fetch(args))
elif nargs > 1:
x = [_fetch(args) for _ in range(nargs)]
# If we're reversed, we're pulling in the arguments in reverse,
# so we need to turn them around.
if spos is not None:
x.reverse()
rv.append(tuple(x))
elif nargs < 0:
if spos is not None:
raise TypeError("Cannot have two nargs < 0")
spos = len(rv)
rv.append(None)
# spos is the position of the wildcard (star). If it's not `None`,
# we fill it with the remainder.
if spos is not None:
rv[spos] = tuple(args)
args = []
rv[spos + 1 :] = reversed(rv[spos + 1 :])
return tuple(rv), list(args)
def split_opt(opt: str) -> t.Tuple[str, str]:
first = opt[:1]
if first.isalnum():
return "", opt
if opt[1:2] == first:
return opt[:2], opt[2:]
return first, opt[1:]
def normalize_opt(opt: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"]) -> str:
if ctx is None or ctx.token_normalize_func is None:
return opt
prefix, opt = split_opt(opt)
return f"{prefix}{ctx.token_normalize_func(opt)}"
def split_arg_string(string: str) -> t.List[str]:
"""Split an argument string as with :func:`shlex.split`, but don't
fail if the string is incomplete. Ignores a missing closing quote or
incomplete escape sequence and uses the partial token as-is.
.. code-block:: python
split_arg_string("example 'my file")
["example", "my file"]
split_arg_string("example my\\")
["example", "my"]
:param string: String to split.
"""
import shlex
lex = shlex.shlex(string, posix=True)
lex.whitespace_split = True
lex.commenters = ""
out = []
try:
for token in lex:
out.append(token)
except ValueError:
# Raised when end-of-string is reached in an invalid state. Use
# the partial token as-is. The quote or escape character is in
# lex.state, not lex.token.
out.append(lex.token)
return out
class Option:
def __init__(
self,
obj: "CoreOption",
opts: t.Sequence[str],
dest: t.Optional[str],
action: t.Optional[str] = None,
nargs: int = 1,
const: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
):
self._short_opts = []
self._long_opts = []
self.prefixes = set()
for opt in opts:
prefix, value = split_opt(opt)
if not prefix:
raise ValueError(f"Invalid start character for option ({opt})")
self.prefixes.add(prefix[0])
if len(prefix) == 1 and len(value) == 1:
self._short_opts.append(opt)
else:
self._long_opts.append(opt)
self.prefixes.add(prefix)
if action is None:
action = "store"
self.dest = dest
self.action = action
self.nargs = nargs
self.const = const
self.obj = obj
@property
def takes_value(self) -> bool:
return self.action in ("store", "append")
def process(self, value: str, state: "ParsingState") -> None:
if self.action == "store":
state.opts[self.dest] = value # type: ignore
elif self.action == "store_const":
state.opts[self.dest] = self.const # type: ignore
elif self.action == "append":
state.opts.setdefault(self.dest, []).append(value) # type: ignore
elif self.action == "append_const":
state.opts.setdefault(self.dest, []).append(self.const) # type: ignore
elif self.action == "count":
state.opts[self.dest] = state.opts.get(self.dest, 0) + 1 # type: ignore
else:
raise ValueError(f"unknown action '{self.action}'")
state.order.append(self.obj)
class Argument:
def __init__(self, obj: "CoreArgument", dest: t.Optional[str], nargs: int = 1):
self.dest = dest
self.nargs = nargs
self.obj = obj
def process(
self,
value: t.Union[t.Optional[str], t.Sequence[t.Optional[str]]],
state: "ParsingState",
) -> None:
if self.nargs > 1:
assert value is not None
holes = sum(1 for x in value if x is None)
if holes == len(value):
value = None
elif holes != 0:
raise BadArgumentUsage(
_("Argument {name!r} takes {nargs} values.").format(
name=self.dest, nargs=self.nargs
)
)
if self.nargs == -1 and self.obj.envvar is not None and value == ():
# Replace empty tuple with None so that a value from the
# environment may be tried.
value = None
state.opts[self.dest] = value # type: ignore
state.order.append(self.obj)
class ParsingState:
def __init__(self, rargs: t.List[str]) -> None:
self.opts: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
self.largs: t.List[str] = []
self.rargs = rargs
self.order: t.List["CoreParameter"] = []
class OptionParser:
"""The option parser is an internal class that is ultimately used to
parse options and arguments. It's modelled after optparse and brings
a similar but vastly simplified API. It should generally not be used
directly as the high level Click classes wrap it for you.
It's not nearly as extensible as optparse or argparse as it does not
implement features that are implemented on a higher level (such as
types or defaults).
:param ctx: optionally the :class:`~click.Context` where this parser
should go with.
"""
def __init__(self, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None) -> None:
#: The :class:`~click.Context` for this parser. This might be
#: `None` for some advanced use cases.
self.ctx = ctx
#: This controls how the parser deals with interspersed arguments.
#: If this is set to `False`, the parser will stop on the first
#: non-option. Click uses this to implement nested subcommands
#: safely.
self.allow_interspersed_args = True
#: This tells the parser how to deal with unknown options. By
#: default it will error out (which is sensible), but there is a
#: second mode where it will ignore it and continue processing
#: after shifting all the unknown options into the resulting args.
self.ignore_unknown_options = False
if ctx is not None:
self.allow_interspersed_args = ctx.allow_interspersed_args
self.ignore_unknown_options = ctx.ignore_unknown_options
self._short_opt: t.Dict[str, Option] = {}
self._long_opt: t.Dict[str, Option] = {}
self._opt_prefixes = {"-", "--"}
self._args: t.List[Argument] = []
def add_option(
self,
obj: "CoreOption",
opts: t.Sequence[str],
dest: t.Optional[str],
action: t.Optional[str] = None,
nargs: int = 1,
const: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
) -> None:
"""Adds a new option named `dest` to the parser. The destination
is not inferred (unlike with optparse) and needs to be explicitly
provided. Action can be any of ``store``, ``store_const``,
``append``, ``append_const`` or ``count``.
The `obj` can be used to identify the option in the order list
that is returned from the parser.
"""
opts = [normalize_opt(opt, self.ctx) for opt in opts]
option = Option(obj, opts, dest, action=action, nargs=nargs, const=const)
self._opt_prefixes.update(option.prefixes)
for opt in option._short_opts:
self._short_opt[opt] = option
for opt in option._long_opts:
self._long_opt[opt] = option
def add_argument(
self, obj: "CoreArgument", dest: t.Optional[str], nargs: int = 1
) -> None:
"""Adds a positional argument named `dest` to the parser.
The `obj` can be used to identify the option in the order list
that is returned from the parser.
"""
self._args.append(Argument(obj, dest=dest, nargs=nargs))
def parse_args(
self, args: t.List[str]
) -> t.Tuple[t.Dict[str, t.Any], t.List[str], t.List["CoreParameter"]]:
"""Parses positional arguments and returns ``(values, args, order)``
for the parsed options and arguments as well as the leftover
arguments if there are any. The order is a list of objects as they
appear on the command line. If arguments appear multiple times they
will be memorized multiple times as well.
"""
state = ParsingState(args)
try:
self._process_args_for_options(state)
self._process_args_for_args(state)
except UsageError:
if self.ctx is None or not self.ctx.resilient_parsing:
raise
return state.opts, state.largs, state.order
def _process_args_for_args(self, state: ParsingState) -> None:
pargs, args = _unpack_args(
state.largs + state.rargs, [x.nargs for x in self._args]
)
for idx, arg in enumerate(self._args):
arg.process(pargs[idx], state)
state.largs = args
state.rargs = []
def _process_args_for_options(self, state: ParsingState) -> None:
while state.rargs:
arg = state.rargs.pop(0)
arglen = len(arg)
# Double dashes always handled explicitly regardless of what
# prefixes are valid.
if arg == "--":
return
elif arg[:1] in self._opt_prefixes and arglen > 1:
self._process_opts(arg, state)
elif self.allow_interspersed_args:
state.largs.append(arg)
else:
state.rargs.insert(0, arg)
return
# Say this is the original argument list:
# [arg0, arg1, ..., arg(i-1), arg(i), arg(i+1), ..., arg(N-1)]
# ^
# (we are about to process arg(i)).
#
# Then rargs is [arg(i), ..., arg(N-1)] and largs is a *subset* of
# [arg0, ..., arg(i-1)] (any options and their arguments will have
# been removed from largs).
#
# The while loop will usually consume 1 or more arguments per pass.
# If it consumes 1 (eg. arg is an option that takes no arguments),
# then after _process_arg() is done the situation is:
#
# largs = subset of [arg0, ..., arg(i)]
# rargs = [arg(i+1), ..., arg(N-1)]
#
# If allow_interspersed_args is false, largs will always be
# *empty* -- still a subset of [arg0, ..., arg(i-1)], but
# not a very interesting subset!
def _match_long_opt(
self, opt: str, explicit_value: t.Optional[str], state: ParsingState
) -> None:
if opt not in self._long_opt:
from difflib import get_close_matches
possibilities = get_close_matches(opt, self._long_opt)
raise NoSuchOption(opt, possibilities=possibilities, ctx=self.ctx)
option = self._long_opt[opt]
if option.takes_value:
# At this point it's safe to modify rargs by injecting the
# explicit value, because no exception is raised in this
# branch. This means that the inserted value will be fully
# consumed.
if explicit_value is not None:
state.rargs.insert(0, explicit_value)
value = self._get_value_from_state(opt, option, state)
elif explicit_value is not None:
raise BadOptionUsage(
opt, _("Option {name!r} does not take a value.").format(name=opt)
)
else:
value = None
option.process(value, state)
def _match_short_opt(self, arg: str, state: ParsingState) -> None:
stop = False
i = 1
prefix = arg[0]
unknown_options = []
for ch in arg[1:]:
opt = normalize_opt(f"{prefix}{ch}", self.ctx)
option = self._short_opt.get(opt)
i += 1
if not option:
if self.ignore_unknown_options:
unknown_options.append(ch)
continue
raise NoSuchOption(opt, ctx=self.ctx)
if option.takes_value:
# Any characters left in arg? Pretend they're the
# next arg, and stop consuming characters of arg.
if i < len(arg):
state.rargs.insert(0, arg[i:])
stop = True
value = self._get_value_from_state(opt, option, state)
else:
value = None
option.process(value, state)
if stop:
break
# If we got any unknown options we re-combinate the string of the
# remaining options and re-attach the prefix, then report that
# to the state as new larg. This way there is basic combinatorics
# that can be achieved while still ignoring unknown arguments.
if self.ignore_unknown_options and unknown_options:
state.largs.append(f"{prefix}{''.join(unknown_options)}")
def _get_value_from_state(
self, option_name: str, option: Option, state: ParsingState
) -> t.Any:
nargs = option.nargs
if len(state.rargs) < nargs:
if option.obj._flag_needs_value:
# Option allows omitting the value.
value = _flag_needs_value
else:
raise BadOptionUsage(
option_name,
ngettext(
"Option {name!r} requires an argument.",
"Option {name!r} requires {nargs} arguments.",
nargs,
).format(name=option_name, nargs=nargs),
)
elif nargs == 1:
next_rarg = state.rargs[0]
if (
option.obj._flag_needs_value
and isinstance(next_rarg, str)
and next_rarg[:1] in self._opt_prefixes
and len(next_rarg) > 1
):
# The next arg looks like the start of an option, don't
# use it as the value if omitting the value is allowed.
value = _flag_needs_value
else:
value = state.rargs.pop(0)
else:
value = tuple(state.rargs[:nargs])
del state.rargs[:nargs]
return value
def _process_opts(self, arg: str, state: ParsingState) -> None:
explicit_value = None
# Long option handling happens in two parts. The first part is
# supporting explicitly attached values. In any case, we will try
# to long match the option first.
if "=" in arg:
long_opt, explicit_value = arg.split("=", 1)
else:
long_opt = arg
norm_long_opt = normalize_opt(long_opt, self.ctx)
# At this point we will match the (assumed) long option through
# the long option matching code. Note that this allows options
# like "-foo" to be matched as long options.
try:
self._match_long_opt(norm_long_opt, explicit_value, state)
except NoSuchOption:
# At this point the long option matching failed, and we need
# to try with short options. However there is a special rule
# which says, that if we have a two character options prefix
# (applies to "--foo" for instance), we do not dispatch to the
# short option code and will instead raise the no option
# error.
if arg[:2] not in self._opt_prefixes:
self._match_short_opt(arg, state)
return
if not self.ignore_unknown_options:
raise
state.largs.append(arg)

@ -0,0 +1,580 @@
import os
import re
import typing as t
from gettext import gettext as _
from .core import Argument
from .core import BaseCommand
from .core import Context
from .core import MultiCommand
from .core import Option
from .core import Parameter
from .core import ParameterSource
from .parser import split_arg_string
from .utils import echo
def shell_complete(
cli: BaseCommand,
ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
prog_name: str,
complete_var: str,
instruction: str,
) -> int:
"""Perform shell completion for the given CLI program.
:param cli: Command being called.
:param ctx_args: Extra arguments to pass to
``cli.make_context``.
:param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
:param complete_var: Name of the environment variable that holds
the completion instruction.
:param instruction: Value of ``complete_var`` with the completion
instruction and shell, in the form ``instruction_shell``.
:return: Status code to exit with.
"""
shell, _, instruction = instruction.partition("_")
comp_cls = get_completion_class(shell)
if comp_cls is None:
return 1
comp = comp_cls(cli, ctx_args, prog_name, complete_var)
if instruction == "source":
echo(comp.source())
return 0
if instruction == "complete":
echo(comp.complete())
return 0
return 1
class CompletionItem:
"""Represents a completion value and metadata about the value. The
default metadata is ``type`` to indicate special shell handling,
and ``help`` if a shell supports showing a help string next to the
value.
Arbitrary parameters can be passed when creating the object, and
accessed using ``item.attr``. If an attribute wasn't passed,
accessing it returns ``None``.
:param value: The completion suggestion.
:param type: Tells the shell script to provide special completion
support for the type. Click uses ``"dir"`` and ``"file"``.
:param help: String shown next to the value if supported.
:param kwargs: Arbitrary metadata. The built-in implementations
don't use this, but custom type completions paired with custom
shell support could use it.
"""
__slots__ = ("value", "type", "help", "_info")
def __init__(
self,
value: t.Any,
type: str = "plain",
help: t.Optional[str] = None,
**kwargs: t.Any,
) -> None:
self.value = value
self.type = type
self.help = help
self._info = kwargs
def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
return self._info.get(name)
# Only Bash >= 4.4 has the nosort option.
_SOURCE_BASH = """\
%(complete_func)s() {
local IFS=$'\\n'
local response
response=$(env COMP_WORDS="${COMP_WORDS[*]}" COMP_CWORD=$COMP_CWORD \
%(complete_var)s=bash_complete $1)
for completion in $response; do
IFS=',' read type value <<< "$completion"
if [[ $type == 'dir' ]]; then
COMPREPLY=()
compopt -o dirnames
elif [[ $type == 'file' ]]; then
COMPREPLY=()
compopt -o default
elif [[ $type == 'plain' ]]; then
COMPREPLY+=($value)
fi
done
return 0
}
%(complete_func)s_setup() {
complete -o nosort -F %(complete_func)s %(prog_name)s
}
%(complete_func)s_setup;
"""
_SOURCE_ZSH = """\
#compdef %(prog_name)s
%(complete_func)s() {
local -a completions
local -a completions_with_descriptions
local -a response
(( ! $+commands[%(prog_name)s] )) && return 1
response=("${(@f)$(env COMP_WORDS="${words[*]}" COMP_CWORD=$((CURRENT-1)) \
%(complete_var)s=zsh_complete %(prog_name)s)}")
for type key descr in ${response}; do
if [[ "$type" == "plain" ]]; then
if [[ "$descr" == "_" ]]; then
completions+=("$key")
else
completions_with_descriptions+=("$key":"$descr")
fi
elif [[ "$type" == "dir" ]]; then
_path_files -/
elif [[ "$type" == "file" ]]; then
_path_files -f
fi
done
if [ -n "$completions_with_descriptions" ]; then
_describe -V unsorted completions_with_descriptions -U
fi
if [ -n "$completions" ]; then
compadd -U -V unsorted -a completions
fi
}
compdef %(complete_func)s %(prog_name)s;
"""
_SOURCE_FISH = """\
function %(complete_func)s;
set -l response;
for value in (env %(complete_var)s=fish_complete COMP_WORDS=(commandline -cp) \
COMP_CWORD=(commandline -t) %(prog_name)s);
set response $response $value;
end;
for completion in $response;
set -l metadata (string split "," $completion);
if test $metadata[1] = "dir";
__fish_complete_directories $metadata[2];
else if test $metadata[1] = "file";
__fish_complete_path $metadata[2];
else if test $metadata[1] = "plain";
echo $metadata[2];
end;
end;
end;
complete --no-files --command %(prog_name)s --arguments \
"(%(complete_func)s)";
"""
class ShellComplete:
"""Base class for providing shell completion support. A subclass for
a given shell will override attributes and methods to implement the
completion instructions (``source`` and ``complete``).
:param cli: Command being called.
:param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
:param complete_var: Name of the environment variable that holds
the completion instruction.
.. versionadded:: 8.0
"""
name: t.ClassVar[str]
"""Name to register the shell as with :func:`add_completion_class`.
This is used in completion instructions (``{name}_source`` and
``{name}_complete``).
"""
source_template: t.ClassVar[str]
"""Completion script template formatted by :meth:`source`. This must
be provided by subclasses.
"""
def __init__(
self,
cli: BaseCommand,
ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
prog_name: str,
complete_var: str,
) -> None:
self.cli = cli
self.ctx_args = ctx_args
self.prog_name = prog_name
self.complete_var = complete_var
@property
def func_name(self) -> str:
"""The name of the shell function defined by the completion
script.
"""
safe_name = re.sub(r"\W*", "", self.prog_name.replace("-", "_"), re.ASCII)
return f"_{safe_name}_completion"
def source_vars(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
"""Vars for formatting :attr:`source_template`.
By default this provides ``complete_func``, ``complete_var``,
and ``prog_name``.
"""
return {
"complete_func": self.func_name,
"complete_var": self.complete_var,
"prog_name": self.prog_name,
}
def source(self) -> str:
"""Produce the shell script that defines the completion
function. By default this ``%``-style formats
:attr:`source_template` with the dict returned by
:meth:`source_vars`.
"""
return self.source_template % self.source_vars()
def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
"""Use the env vars defined by the shell script to return a
tuple of ``args, incomplete``. This must be implemented by
subclasses.
"""
raise NotImplementedError
def get_completions(
self, args: t.List[str], incomplete: str
) -> t.List[CompletionItem]:
"""Determine the context and last complete command or parameter
from the complete args. Call that object's ``shell_complete``
method to get the completions for the incomplete value.
:param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
:param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
"""
ctx = _resolve_context(self.cli, self.ctx_args, self.prog_name, args)
obj, incomplete = _resolve_incomplete(ctx, args, incomplete)
return obj.shell_complete(ctx, incomplete)
def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
"""Format a completion item into the form recognized by the
shell script. This must be implemented by subclasses.
:param item: Completion item to format.
"""
raise NotImplementedError
def complete(self) -> str:
"""Produce the completion data to send back to the shell.
By default this calls :meth:`get_completion_args`, gets the
completions, then calls :meth:`format_completion` for each
completion.
"""
args, incomplete = self.get_completion_args()
completions = self.get_completions(args, incomplete)
out = [self.format_completion(item) for item in completions]
return "\n".join(out)
class BashComplete(ShellComplete):
"""Shell completion for Bash."""
name = "bash"
source_template = _SOURCE_BASH
def _check_version(self) -> None:
import subprocess
output = subprocess.run(
["bash", "-c", "echo ${BASH_VERSION}"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE
)
match = re.search(r"^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.\d+", output.stdout.decode())
if match is not None:
major, minor = match.groups()
if major < "4" or major == "4" and minor < "4":
raise RuntimeError(
_(
"Shell completion is not supported for Bash"
" versions older than 4.4."
)
)
else:
raise RuntimeError(
_("Couldn't detect Bash version, shell completion is not supported.")
)
def source(self) -> str:
self._check_version()
return super().source()
def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
cword = int(os.environ["COMP_CWORD"])
args = cwords[1:cword]
try:
incomplete = cwords[cword]
except IndexError:
incomplete = ""
return args, incomplete
def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
return f"{item.type},{item.value}"
class ZshComplete(ShellComplete):
"""Shell completion for Zsh."""
name = "zsh"
source_template = _SOURCE_ZSH
def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
cword = int(os.environ["COMP_CWORD"])
args = cwords[1:cword]
try:
incomplete = cwords[cword]
except IndexError:
incomplete = ""
return args, incomplete
def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
return f"{item.type}\n{item.value}\n{item.help if item.help else '_'}"
class FishComplete(ShellComplete):
"""Shell completion for Fish."""
name = "fish"
source_template = _SOURCE_FISH
def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
incomplete = os.environ["COMP_CWORD"]
args = cwords[1:]
# Fish stores the partial word in both COMP_WORDS and
# COMP_CWORD, remove it from complete args.
if incomplete and args and args[-1] == incomplete:
args.pop()
return args, incomplete
def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
if item.help:
return f"{item.type},{item.value}\t{item.help}"
return f"{item.type},{item.value}"
_available_shells: t.Dict[str, t.Type[ShellComplete]] = {
"bash": BashComplete,
"fish": FishComplete,
"zsh": ZshComplete,
}
def add_completion_class(
cls: t.Type[ShellComplete], name: t.Optional[str] = None
) -> None:
"""Register a :class:`ShellComplete` subclass under the given name.
The name will be provided by the completion instruction environment
variable during completion.
:param cls: The completion class that will handle completion for the
shell.
:param name: Name to register the class under. Defaults to the
class's ``name`` attribute.
"""
if name is None:
name = cls.name
_available_shells[name] = cls
def get_completion_class(shell: str) -> t.Optional[t.Type[ShellComplete]]:
"""Look up a registered :class:`ShellComplete` subclass by the name
provided by the completion instruction environment variable. If the
name isn't registered, returns ``None``.
:param shell: Name the class is registered under.
"""
return _available_shells.get(shell)
def _is_incomplete_argument(ctx: Context, param: Parameter) -> bool:
"""Determine if the given parameter is an argument that can still
accept values.
:param ctx: Invocation context for the command represented by the
parsed complete args.
:param param: Argument object being checked.
"""
if not isinstance(param, Argument):
return False
assert param.name is not None
value = ctx.params[param.name]
return (
param.nargs == -1
or ctx.get_parameter_source(param.name) is not ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
or (
param.nargs > 1
and isinstance(value, (tuple, list))
and len(value) < param.nargs
)
)
def _start_of_option(ctx: Context, value: str) -> bool:
"""Check if the value looks like the start of an option."""
if not value:
return False
c = value[0]
return c in ctx._opt_prefixes
def _is_incomplete_option(ctx: Context, args: t.List[str], param: Parameter) -> bool:
"""Determine if the given parameter is an option that needs a value.
:param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
:param param: Option object being checked.
"""
if not isinstance(param, Option):
return False
if param.is_flag or param.count:
return False
last_option = None
for index, arg in enumerate(reversed(args)):
if index + 1 > param.nargs:
break
if _start_of_option(ctx, arg):
last_option = arg
return last_option is not None and last_option in param.opts
def _resolve_context(
cli: BaseCommand, ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any], prog_name: str, args: t.List[str]
) -> Context:
"""Produce the context hierarchy starting with the command and
traversing the complete arguments. This only follows the commands,
it doesn't trigger input prompts or callbacks.
:param cli: Command being called.
:param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
:param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
"""
ctx_args["resilient_parsing"] = True
ctx = cli.make_context(prog_name, args.copy(), **ctx_args)
args = ctx.protected_args + ctx.args
while args:
command = ctx.command
if isinstance(command, MultiCommand):
if not command.chain:
name, cmd, args = command.resolve_command(ctx, args)
if cmd is None:
return ctx
ctx = cmd.make_context(name, args, parent=ctx, resilient_parsing=True)
args = ctx.protected_args + ctx.args
else:
while args:
name, cmd, args = command.resolve_command(ctx, args)
if cmd is None:
return ctx
sub_ctx = cmd.make_context(
name,
args,
parent=ctx,
allow_extra_args=True,
allow_interspersed_args=False,
resilient_parsing=True,
)
args = sub_ctx.args
ctx = sub_ctx
args = [*sub_ctx.protected_args, *sub_ctx.args]
else:
break
return ctx
def _resolve_incomplete(
ctx: Context, args: t.List[str], incomplete: str
) -> t.Tuple[t.Union[BaseCommand, Parameter], str]:
"""Find the Click object that will handle the completion of the
incomplete value. Return the object and the incomplete value.
:param ctx: Invocation context for the command represented by
the parsed complete args.
:param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
:param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
"""
# Different shells treat an "=" between a long option name and
# value differently. Might keep the value joined, return the "="
# as a separate item, or return the split name and value. Always
# split and discard the "=" to make completion easier.
if incomplete == "=":
incomplete = ""
elif "=" in incomplete and _start_of_option(ctx, incomplete):
name, _, incomplete = incomplete.partition("=")
args.append(name)
# The "--" marker tells Click to stop treating values as options
# even if they start with the option character. If it hasn't been
# given and the incomplete arg looks like an option, the current
# command will provide option name completions.
if "--" not in args and _start_of_option(ctx, incomplete):
return ctx.command, incomplete
params = ctx.command.get_params(ctx)
# If the last complete arg is an option name with an incomplete
# value, the option will provide value completions.
for param in params:
if _is_incomplete_option(ctx, args, param):
return param, incomplete
# It's not an option name or value. The first argument without a
# parsed value will provide value completions.
for param in params:
if _is_incomplete_argument(ctx, param):
return param, incomplete
# There were no unparsed arguments, the command may be a group that
# will provide command name completions.
return ctx.command, incomplete

@ -0,0 +1,787 @@
import inspect
import io
import itertools
import os
import sys
import typing as t
from gettext import gettext as _
from ._compat import isatty
from ._compat import strip_ansi
from ._compat import WIN
from .exceptions import Abort
from .exceptions import UsageError
from .globals import resolve_color_default
from .types import Choice
from .types import convert_type
from .types import ParamType
from .utils import echo
from .utils import LazyFile
if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
from ._termui_impl import ProgressBar
V = t.TypeVar("V")
# The prompt functions to use. The doc tools currently override these
# functions to customize how they work.
visible_prompt_func: t.Callable[[str], str] = input
_ansi_colors = {
"black": 30,
"red": 31,
"green": 32,
"yellow": 33,
"blue": 34,
"magenta": 35,
"cyan": 36,
"white": 37,
"reset": 39,
"bright_black": 90,
"bright_red": 91,
"bright_green": 92,
"bright_yellow": 93,
"bright_blue": 94,
"bright_magenta": 95,
"bright_cyan": 96,
"bright_white": 97,
}
_ansi_reset_all = "\033[0m"
def hidden_prompt_func(prompt: str) -> str:
import getpass
return getpass.getpass(prompt)
def _build_prompt(
text: str,
suffix: str,
show_default: bool = False,
default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
show_choices: bool = True,
type: t.Optional[ParamType] = None,
) -> str:
prompt = text
if type is not None and show_choices and isinstance(type, Choice):
prompt += f" ({', '.join(map(str, type.choices))})"
if default is not None and show_default:
prompt = f"{prompt} [{_format_default(default)}]"
return f"{prompt}{suffix}"
def _format_default(default: t.Any) -> t.Any:
if isinstance(default, (io.IOBase, LazyFile)) and hasattr(default, "name"):
return default.name # type: ignore
return default
def prompt(
text: str,
default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
hide_input: bool = False,
confirmation_prompt: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
type: t.Optional[t.Union[ParamType, t.Any]] = None,
value_proc: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], t.Any]] = None,
prompt_suffix: str = ": ",
show_default: bool = True,
err: bool = False,
show_choices: bool = True,
) -> t.Any:
"""Prompts a user for input. This is a convenience function that can
be used to prompt a user for input later.
If the user aborts the input by sending an interrupt signal, this
function will catch it and raise a :exc:`Abort` exception.
:param text: the text to show for the prompt.
:param default: the default value to use if no input happens. If this
is not given it will prompt until it's aborted.
:param hide_input: if this is set to true then the input value will
be hidden.
:param confirmation_prompt: Prompt a second time to confirm the
value. Can be set to a string instead of ``True`` to customize
the message.
:param type: the type to use to check the value against.
:param value_proc: if this parameter is provided it's a function that
is invoked instead of the type conversion to
convert a value.
:param prompt_suffix: a suffix that should be added to the prompt.
:param show_default: shows or hides the default value in the prompt.
:param err: if set to true the file defaults to ``stderr`` instead of
``stdout``, the same as with echo.
:param show_choices: Show or hide choices if the passed type is a Choice.
For example if type is a Choice of either day or week,
show_choices is true and text is "Group by" then the
prompt will be "Group by (day, week): ".
.. versionadded:: 8.0
``confirmation_prompt`` can be a custom string.
.. versionadded:: 7.0
Added the ``show_choices`` parameter.
.. versionadded:: 6.0
Added unicode support for cmd.exe on Windows.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
Added the `err` parameter.
"""
def prompt_func(text: str) -> str:
f = hidden_prompt_func if hide_input else visible_prompt_func
try:
# Write the prompt separately so that we get nice
# coloring through colorama on Windows
echo(text.rstrip(" "), nl=False, err=err)
# Echo a space to stdout to work around an issue where
# readline causes backspace to clear the whole line.
return f(" ")
except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
# getpass doesn't print a newline if the user aborts input with ^C.
# Allegedly this behavior is inherited from getpass(3).
# A doc bug has been filed at https://bugs.python.org/issue24711
if hide_input:
echo(None, err=err)
raise Abort() from None
if value_proc is None:
value_proc = convert_type(type, default)
prompt = _build_prompt(
text, prompt_suffix, show_default, default, show_choices, type
)
if confirmation_prompt:
if confirmation_prompt is True:
confirmation_prompt = _("Repeat for confirmation")
confirmation_prompt = _build_prompt(confirmation_prompt, prompt_suffix)
while True:
while True:
value = prompt_func(prompt)
if value:
break
elif default is not None:
value = default
break
try:
result = value_proc(value)
except UsageError as e:
if hide_input:
echo(_("Error: The value you entered was invalid."), err=err)
else:
echo(_("Error: {e.message}").format(e=e), err=err) # noqa: B306
continue
if not confirmation_prompt:
return result
while True:
value2 = prompt_func(confirmation_prompt)
is_empty = not value and not value2
if value2 or is_empty:
break
if value == value2:
return result
echo(_("Error: The two entered values do not match."), err=err)
def confirm(
text: str,
default: t.Optional[bool] = False,
abort: bool = False,
prompt_suffix: str = ": ",
show_default: bool = True,
err: bool = False,
) -> bool:
"""Prompts for confirmation (yes/no question).
If the user aborts the input by sending a interrupt signal this
function will catch it and raise a :exc:`Abort` exception.
:param text: the question to ask.
:param default: The default value to use when no input is given. If
``None``, repeat until input is given.
:param abort: if this is set to `True` a negative answer aborts the
exception by raising :exc:`Abort`.
:param prompt_suffix: a suffix that should be added to the prompt.
:param show_default: shows or hides the default value in the prompt.
:param err: if set to true the file defaults to ``stderr`` instead of
``stdout``, the same as with echo.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Repeat until input is given if ``default`` is ``None``.
.. versionadded:: 4.0
Added the ``err`` parameter.
"""
prompt = _build_prompt(
text,
prompt_suffix,
show_default,
"y/n" if default is None else ("Y/n" if default else "y/N"),
)
while True:
try:
# Write the prompt separately so that we get nice
# coloring through colorama on Windows
echo(prompt.rstrip(" "), nl=False, err=err)
# Echo a space to stdout to work around an issue where
# readline causes backspace to clear the whole line.
value = visible_prompt_func(" ").lower().strip()
except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
raise Abort() from None
if value in ("y", "yes"):
rv = True
elif value in ("n", "no"):
rv = False
elif default is not None and value == "":
rv = default
else:
echo(_("Error: invalid input"), err=err)
continue
break
if abort and not rv:
raise Abort()
return rv
def echo_via_pager(
text_or_generator: t.Union[t.Iterable[str], t.Callable[[], t.Iterable[str]], str],
color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
) -> None:
"""This function takes a text and shows it via an environment specific
pager on stdout.
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
Added the `color` flag.
:param text_or_generator: the text to page, or alternatively, a
generator emitting the text to page.
:param color: controls if the pager supports ANSI colors or not. The
default is autodetection.
"""
color = resolve_color_default(color)
if inspect.isgeneratorfunction(text_or_generator):
i = t.cast(t.Callable[[], t.Iterable[str]], text_or_generator)()
elif isinstance(text_or_generator, str):
i = [text_or_generator]
else:
i = iter(t.cast(t.Iterable[str], text_or_generator))
# convert every element of i to a text type if necessary
text_generator = (el if isinstance(el, str) else str(el) for el in i)
from ._termui_impl import pager
return pager(itertools.chain(text_generator, "\n"), color)
def progressbar(
iterable: t.Optional[t.Iterable[V]] = None,
length: t.Optional[int] = None,
label: t.Optional[str] = None,
show_eta: bool = True,
show_percent: t.Optional[bool] = None,
show_pos: bool = False,
item_show_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Optional[V]], t.Optional[str]]] = None,
fill_char: str = "#",
empty_char: str = "-",
bar_template: str = "%(label)s [%(bar)s] %(info)s",
info_sep: str = " ",
width: int = 36,
file: t.Optional[t.TextIO] = None,
color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
update_min_steps: int = 1,
) -> "ProgressBar[V]":
"""This function creates an iterable context manager that can be used
to iterate over something while showing a progress bar. It will
either iterate over the `iterable` or `length` items (that are counted
up). While iteration happens, this function will print a rendered
progress bar to the given `file` (defaults to stdout) and will attempt
to calculate remaining time and more. By default, this progress bar
will not be rendered if the file is not a terminal.
The context manager creates the progress bar. When the context
manager is entered the progress bar is already created. With every
iteration over the progress bar, the iterable passed to the bar is
advanced and the bar is updated. When the context manager exits,
a newline is printed and the progress bar is finalized on screen.
Note: The progress bar is currently designed for use cases where the
total progress can be expected to take at least several seconds.
Because of this, the ProgressBar class object won't display
progress that is considered too fast, and progress where the time
between steps is less than a second.
No printing must happen or the progress bar will be unintentionally
destroyed.
Example usage::
with progressbar(items) as bar:
for item in bar:
do_something_with(item)
Alternatively, if no iterable is specified, one can manually update the
progress bar through the `update()` method instead of directly
iterating over the progress bar. The update method accepts the number
of steps to increment the bar with::
with progressbar(length=chunks.total_bytes) as bar:
for chunk in chunks:
process_chunk(chunk)
bar.update(chunks.bytes)
The ``update()`` method also takes an optional value specifying the
``current_item`` at the new position. This is useful when used
together with ``item_show_func`` to customize the output for each
manual step::
with click.progressbar(
length=total_size,
label='Unzipping archive',
item_show_func=lambda a: a.filename
) as bar:
for archive in zip_file:
archive.extract()
bar.update(archive.size, archive)
:param iterable: an iterable to iterate over. If not provided the length
is required.
:param length: the number of items to iterate over. By default the
progressbar will attempt to ask the iterator about its
length, which might or might not work. If an iterable is
also provided this parameter can be used to override the
length. If an iterable is not provided the progress bar
will iterate over a range of that length.
:param label: the label to show next to the progress bar.
:param show_eta: enables or disables the estimated time display. This is
automatically disabled if the length cannot be
determined.
:param show_percent: enables or disables the percentage display. The
default is `True` if the iterable has a length or
`False` if not.
:param show_pos: enables or disables the absolute position display. The
default is `False`.
:param item_show_func: A function called with the current item which
can return a string to show next to the progress bar. If the
function returns ``None`` nothing is shown. The current item can
be ``None``, such as when entering and exiting the bar.
:param fill_char: the character to use to show the filled part of the
progress bar.
:param empty_char: the character to use to show the non-filled part of
the progress bar.
:param bar_template: the format string to use as template for the bar.
The parameters in it are ``label`` for the label,
``bar`` for the progress bar and ``info`` for the
info section.
:param info_sep: the separator between multiple info items (eta etc.)
:param width: the width of the progress bar in characters, 0 means full
terminal width
:param file: The file to write to. If this is not a terminal then
only the label is printed.
:param color: controls if the terminal supports ANSI colors or not. The
default is autodetection. This is only needed if ANSI
codes are included anywhere in the progress bar output
which is not the case by default.
:param update_min_steps: Render only when this many updates have
completed. This allows tuning for very fast iterators.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Output is shown even if execution time is less than 0.5 seconds.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
``item_show_func`` shows the current item, not the previous one.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Labels are echoed if the output is not a TTY. Reverts a change
in 7.0 that removed all output.
.. versionadded:: 8.0
Added the ``update_min_steps`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 4.0
Added the ``color`` parameter. Added the ``update`` method to
the object.
.. versionadded:: 2.0
"""
from ._termui_impl import ProgressBar
color = resolve_color_default(color)
return ProgressBar(
iterable=iterable,
length=length,
show_eta=show_eta,
show_percent=show_percent,
show_pos=show_pos,
item_show_func=item_show_func,
fill_char=fill_char,
empty_char=empty_char,
bar_template=bar_template,
info_sep=info_sep,
file=file,
label=label,
width=width,
color=color,
update_min_steps=update_min_steps,
)
def clear() -> None:
"""Clears the terminal screen. This will have the effect of clearing
the whole visible space of the terminal and moving the cursor to the
top left. This does not do anything if not connected to a terminal.
.. versionadded:: 2.0
"""
if not isatty(sys.stdout):
return
if WIN:
os.system("cls")
else:
sys.stdout.write("\033[2J\033[1;1H")
def _interpret_color(
color: t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str], offset: int = 0
) -> str:
if isinstance(color, int):
return f"{38 + offset};5;{color:d}"
if isinstance(color, (tuple, list)):
r, g, b = color
return f"{38 + offset};2;{r:d};{g:d};{b:d}"
return str(_ansi_colors[color] + offset)
def style(
text: t.Any,
fg: t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str]] = None,
bg: t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str]] = None,
bold: t.Optional[bool] = None,
dim: t.Optional[bool] = None,
underline: t.Optional[bool] = None,
overline: t.Optional[bool] = None,
italic: t.Optional[bool] = None,
blink: t.Optional[bool] = None,
reverse: t.Optional[bool] = None,
strikethrough: t.Optional[bool] = None,
reset: bool = True,
) -> str:
"""Styles a text with ANSI styles and returns the new string. By
default the styling is self contained which means that at the end
of the string a reset code is issued. This can be prevented by
passing ``reset=False``.
Examples::
click.echo(click.style('Hello World!', fg='green'))
click.echo(click.style('ATTENTION!', blink=True))
click.echo(click.style('Some things', reverse=True, fg='cyan'))
click.echo(click.style('More colors', fg=(255, 12, 128), bg=117))
Supported color names:
* ``black`` (might be a gray)
* ``red``
* ``green``
* ``yellow`` (might be an orange)
* ``blue``
* ``magenta``
* ``cyan``
* ``white`` (might be light gray)
* ``bright_black``
* ``bright_red``
* ``bright_green``
* ``bright_yellow``
* ``bright_blue``
* ``bright_magenta``
* ``bright_cyan``
* ``bright_white``
* ``reset`` (reset the color code only)
If the terminal supports it, color may also be specified as:
- An integer in the interval [0, 255]. The terminal must support
8-bit/256-color mode.
- An RGB tuple of three integers in [0, 255]. The terminal must
support 24-bit/true-color mode.
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_color and
https://gist.github.com/XVilka/8346728 for more information.
:param text: the string to style with ansi codes.
:param fg: if provided this will become the foreground color.
:param bg: if provided this will become the background color.
:param bold: if provided this will enable or disable bold mode.
:param dim: if provided this will enable or disable dim mode. This is
badly supported.
:param underline: if provided this will enable or disable underline.
:param overline: if provided this will enable or disable overline.
:param italic: if provided this will enable or disable italic.
:param blink: if provided this will enable or disable blinking.
:param reverse: if provided this will enable or disable inverse
rendering (foreground becomes background and the
other way round).
:param strikethrough: if provided this will enable or disable
striking through text.
:param reset: by default a reset-all code is added at the end of the
string which means that styles do not carry over. This
can be disabled to compose styles.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
A non-string ``message`` is converted to a string.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Added support for 256 and RGB color codes.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Added the ``strikethrough``, ``italic``, and ``overline``
parameters.
.. versionchanged:: 7.0
Added support for bright colors.
.. versionadded:: 2.0
"""
if not isinstance(text, str):
text = str(text)
bits = []
if fg:
try:
bits.append(f"\033[{_interpret_color(fg)}m")
except KeyError:
raise TypeError(f"Unknown color {fg!r}") from None
if bg:
try:
bits.append(f"\033[{_interpret_color(bg, 10)}m")
except KeyError:
raise TypeError(f"Unknown color {bg!r}") from None
if bold is not None:
bits.append(f"\033[{1 if bold else 22}m")
if dim is not None:
bits.append(f"\033[{2 if dim else 22}m")
if underline is not None:
bits.append(f"\033[{4 if underline else 24}m")
if overline is not None:
bits.append(f"\033[{53 if overline else 55}m")
if italic is not None:
bits.append(f"\033[{3 if italic else 23}m")
if blink is not None:
bits.append(f"\033[{5 if blink else 25}m")
if reverse is not None:
bits.append(f"\033[{7 if reverse else 27}m")
if strikethrough is not None:
bits.append(f"\033[{9 if strikethrough else 29}m")
bits.append(text)
if reset:
bits.append(_ansi_reset_all)
return "".join(bits)
def unstyle(text: str) -> str:
"""Removes ANSI styling information from a string. Usually it's not
necessary to use this function as Click's echo function will
automatically remove styling if necessary.
.. versionadded:: 2.0
:param text: the text to remove style information from.
"""
return strip_ansi(text)
def secho(
message: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
file: t.Optional[t.IO[t.AnyStr]] = None,
nl: bool = True,
err: bool = False,
color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
**styles: t.Any,
) -> None:
"""This function combines :func:`echo` and :func:`style` into one
call. As such the following two calls are the same::
click.secho('Hello World!', fg='green')
click.echo(click.style('Hello World!', fg='green'))
All keyword arguments are forwarded to the underlying functions
depending on which one they go with.
Non-string types will be converted to :class:`str`. However,
:class:`bytes` are passed directly to :meth:`echo` without applying
style. If you want to style bytes that represent text, call
:meth:`bytes.decode` first.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
A non-string ``message`` is converted to a string. Bytes are
passed through without style applied.
.. versionadded:: 2.0
"""
if message is not None and not isinstance(message, (bytes, bytearray)):
message = style(message, **styles)
return echo(message, file=file, nl=nl, err=err, color=color)
def edit(
text: t.Optional[t.AnyStr] = None,
editor: t.Optional[str] = None,
env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, str]] = None,
require_save: bool = True,
extension: str = ".txt",
filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
) -> t.Optional[t.AnyStr]:
r"""Edits the given text in the defined editor. If an editor is given
(should be the full path to the executable but the regular operating
system search path is used for finding the executable) it overrides
the detected editor. Optionally, some environment variables can be
used. If the editor is closed without changes, `None` is returned. In
case a file is edited directly the return value is always `None` and
`require_save` and `extension` are ignored.
If the editor cannot be opened a :exc:`UsageError` is raised.
Note for Windows: to simplify cross-platform usage, the newlines are
automatically converted from POSIX to Windows and vice versa. As such,
the message here will have ``\n`` as newline markers.
:param text: the text to edit.
:param editor: optionally the editor to use. Defaults to automatic
detection.
:param env: environment variables to forward to the editor.
:param require_save: if this is true, then not saving in the editor
will make the return value become `None`.
:param extension: the extension to tell the editor about. This defaults
to `.txt` but changing this might change syntax
highlighting.
:param filename: if provided it will edit this file instead of the
provided text contents. It will not use a temporary
file as an indirection in that case.
"""
from ._termui_impl import Editor
ed = Editor(editor=editor, env=env, require_save=require_save, extension=extension)
if filename is None:
return ed.edit(text)
ed.edit_file(filename)
return None
def launch(url: str, wait: bool = False, locate: bool = False) -> int:
"""This function launches the given URL (or filename) in the default
viewer application for this file type. If this is an executable, it
might launch the executable in a new session. The return value is
the exit code of the launched application. Usually, ``0`` indicates
success.
Examples::
click.launch('https://click.palletsprojects.com/')
click.launch('/my/downloaded/file', locate=True)
.. versionadded:: 2.0
:param url: URL or filename of the thing to launch.
:param wait: Wait for the program to exit before returning. This
only works if the launched program blocks. In particular,
``xdg-open`` on Linux does not block.
:param locate: if this is set to `True` then instead of launching the
application associated with the URL it will attempt to
launch a file manager with the file located. This
might have weird effects if the URL does not point to
the filesystem.
"""
from ._termui_impl import open_url
return open_url(url, wait=wait, locate=locate)
# If this is provided, getchar() calls into this instead. This is used
# for unittesting purposes.
_getchar: t.Optional[t.Callable[[bool], str]] = None
def getchar(echo: bool = False) -> str:
"""Fetches a single character from the terminal and returns it. This
will always return a unicode character and under certain rare
circumstances this might return more than one character. The
situations which more than one character is returned is when for
whatever reason multiple characters end up in the terminal buffer or
standard input was not actually a terminal.
Note that this will always read from the terminal, even if something
is piped into the standard input.
Note for Windows: in rare cases when typing non-ASCII characters, this
function might wait for a second character and then return both at once.
This is because certain Unicode characters look like special-key markers.
.. versionadded:: 2.0
:param echo: if set to `True`, the character read will also show up on
the terminal. The default is to not show it.
"""
global _getchar
if _getchar is None:
from ._termui_impl import getchar as f
_getchar = f
return _getchar(echo)
def raw_terminal() -> t.ContextManager[int]:
from ._termui_impl import raw_terminal as f
return f()
def pause(info: t.Optional[str] = None, err: bool = False) -> None:
"""This command stops execution and waits for the user to press any
key to continue. This is similar to the Windows batch "pause"
command. If the program is not run through a terminal, this command
will instead do nothing.
.. versionadded:: 2.0
.. versionadded:: 4.0
Added the `err` parameter.
:param info: The message to print before pausing. Defaults to
``"Press any key to continue..."``.
:param err: if set to message goes to ``stderr`` instead of
``stdout``, the same as with echo.
"""
if not isatty(sys.stdin) or not isatty(sys.stdout):
return
if info is None:
info = _("Press any key to continue...")
try:
if info:
echo(info, nl=False, err=err)
try:
getchar()
except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
pass
finally:
if info:
echo(err=err)

@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
import contextlib
import io
import os
import shlex
import shutil
import sys
import tempfile
import typing as t
from types import TracebackType
from . import formatting
from . import termui
from . import utils
from ._compat import _find_binary_reader
if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
from .core import BaseCommand
class EchoingStdin:
def __init__(self, input: t.BinaryIO, output: t.BinaryIO) -> None:
self._input = input
self._output = output
self._paused = False
def __getattr__(self, x: str) -> t.Any:
return getattr(self._input, x)
def _echo(self, rv: bytes) -> bytes:
if not self._paused:
self._output.write(rv)
return rv
def read(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
return self._echo(self._input.read(n))
def read1(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
return self._echo(self._input.read1(n)) # type: ignore
def readline(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
return self._echo(self._input.readline(n))
def readlines(self) -> t.List[bytes]:
return [self._echo(x) for x in self._input.readlines()]
def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
return iter(self._echo(x) for x in self._input)
def __repr__(self) -> str:
return repr(self._input)
@contextlib.contextmanager
def _pause_echo(stream: t.Optional[EchoingStdin]) -> t.Iterator[None]:
if stream is None:
yield
else:
stream._paused = True
yield
stream._paused = False
class _NamedTextIOWrapper(io.TextIOWrapper):
def __init__(
self, buffer: t.BinaryIO, name: str, mode: str, **kwargs: t.Any
) -> None:
super().__init__(buffer, **kwargs)
self._name = name
self._mode = mode
@property
def name(self) -> str:
return self._name
@property
def mode(self) -> str:
return self._mode
def make_input_stream(
input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]], charset: str
) -> t.BinaryIO:
# Is already an input stream.
if hasattr(input, "read"):
rv = _find_binary_reader(t.cast(t.IO, input))
if rv is not None:
return rv
raise TypeError("Could not find binary reader for input stream.")
if input is None:
input = b""
elif isinstance(input, str):
input = input.encode(charset)
return io.BytesIO(t.cast(bytes, input))
class Result:
"""Holds the captured result of an invoked CLI script."""
def __init__(
self,
runner: "CliRunner",
stdout_bytes: bytes,
stderr_bytes: t.Optional[bytes],
return_value: t.Any,
exit_code: int,
exception: t.Optional[BaseException],
exc_info: t.Optional[
t.Tuple[t.Type[BaseException], BaseException, TracebackType]
] = None,
):
#: The runner that created the result
self.runner = runner
#: The standard output as bytes.
self.stdout_bytes = stdout_bytes
#: The standard error as bytes, or None if not available
self.stderr_bytes = stderr_bytes
#: The value returned from the invoked command.
#:
#: .. versionadded:: 8.0
self.return_value = return_value
#: The exit code as integer.
self.exit_code = exit_code
#: The exception that happened if one did.
self.exception = exception
#: The traceback
self.exc_info = exc_info
@property
def output(self) -> str:
"""The (standard) output as unicode string."""
return self.stdout
@property
def stdout(self) -> str:
"""The standard output as unicode string."""
return self.stdout_bytes.decode(self.runner.charset, "replace").replace(
"\r\n", "\n"
)
@property
def stderr(self) -> str:
"""The standard error as unicode string."""
if self.stderr_bytes is None:
raise ValueError("stderr not separately captured")
return self.stderr_bytes.decode(self.runner.charset, "replace").replace(
"\r\n", "\n"
)
def __repr__(self) -> str:
exc_str = repr(self.exception) if self.exception else "okay"
return f"<{type(self).__name__} {exc_str}>"
class CliRunner:
"""The CLI runner provides functionality to invoke a Click command line
script for unittesting purposes in a isolated environment. This only
works in single-threaded systems without any concurrency as it changes the
global interpreter state.
:param charset: the character set for the input and output data.
:param env: a dictionary with environment variables for overriding.
:param echo_stdin: if this is set to `True`, then reading from stdin writes
to stdout. This is useful for showing examples in
some circumstances. Note that regular prompts
will automatically echo the input.
:param mix_stderr: if this is set to `False`, then stdout and stderr are
preserved as independent streams. This is useful for
Unix-philosophy apps that have predictable stdout and
noisy stderr, such that each may be measured
independently
"""
def __init__(
self,
charset: str = "utf-8",
env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
echo_stdin: bool = False,
mix_stderr: bool = True,
) -> None:
self.charset = charset
self.env = env or {}
self.echo_stdin = echo_stdin
self.mix_stderr = mix_stderr
def get_default_prog_name(self, cli: "BaseCommand") -> str:
"""Given a command object it will return the default program name
for it. The default is the `name` attribute or ``"root"`` if not
set.
"""
return cli.name or "root"
def make_env(
self, overrides: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None
) -> t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]:
"""Returns the environment overrides for invoking a script."""
rv = dict(self.env)
if overrides:
rv.update(overrides)
return rv
@contextlib.contextmanager
def isolation(
self,
input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]] = None,
env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
color: bool = False,
) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[io.BytesIO, t.Optional[io.BytesIO]]]:
"""A context manager that sets up the isolation for invoking of a
command line tool. This sets up stdin with the given input data
and `os.environ` with the overrides from the given dictionary.
This also rebinds some internals in Click to be mocked (like the
prompt functionality).
This is automatically done in the :meth:`invoke` method.
:param input: the input stream to put into sys.stdin.
:param env: the environment overrides as dictionary.
:param color: whether the output should contain color codes. The
application can still override this explicitly.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
``stderr`` is opened with ``errors="backslashreplace"``
instead of the default ``"strict"``.
.. versionchanged:: 4.0
Added the ``color`` parameter.
"""
bytes_input = make_input_stream(input, self.charset)
echo_input = None
old_stdin = sys.stdin
old_stdout = sys.stdout
old_stderr = sys.stderr
old_forced_width = formatting.FORCED_WIDTH
formatting.FORCED_WIDTH = 80
env = self.make_env(env)
bytes_output = io.BytesIO()
if self.echo_stdin:
bytes_input = echo_input = t.cast(
t.BinaryIO, EchoingStdin(bytes_input, bytes_output)
)
sys.stdin = text_input = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
bytes_input, encoding=self.charset, name="<stdin>", mode="r"
)
if self.echo_stdin:
# Force unbuffered reads, otherwise TextIOWrapper reads a
# large chunk which is echoed early.
text_input._CHUNK_SIZE = 1 # type: ignore
sys.stdout = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
bytes_output, encoding=self.charset, name="<stdout>", mode="w"
)
bytes_error = None
if self.mix_stderr:
sys.stderr = sys.stdout
else:
bytes_error = io.BytesIO()
sys.stderr = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
bytes_error,
encoding=self.charset,
name="<stderr>",
mode="w",
errors="backslashreplace",
)
@_pause_echo(echo_input) # type: ignore
def visible_input(prompt: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
sys.stdout.write(prompt or "")
val = text_input.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
sys.stdout.write(f"{val}\n")
sys.stdout.flush()
return val
@_pause_echo(echo_input) # type: ignore
def hidden_input(prompt: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
sys.stdout.write(f"{prompt or ''}\n")
sys.stdout.flush()
return text_input.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
@_pause_echo(echo_input) # type: ignore
def _getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
char = sys.stdin.read(1)
if echo:
sys.stdout.write(char)
sys.stdout.flush()
return char
default_color = color
def should_strip_ansi(
stream: t.Optional[t.IO] = None, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
) -> bool:
if color is None:
return not default_color
return not color
old_visible_prompt_func = termui.visible_prompt_func
old_hidden_prompt_func = termui.hidden_prompt_func
old__getchar_func = termui._getchar
old_should_strip_ansi = utils.should_strip_ansi # type: ignore
termui.visible_prompt_func = visible_input
termui.hidden_prompt_func = hidden_input
termui._getchar = _getchar
utils.should_strip_ansi = should_strip_ansi # type: ignore
old_env = {}
try:
for key, value in env.items():
old_env[key] = os.environ.get(key)
if value is None:
try:
del os.environ[key]
except Exception:
pass
else:
os.environ[key] = value
yield (bytes_output, bytes_error)
finally:
for key, value in old_env.items():
if value is None:
try:
del os.environ[key]
except Exception:
pass
else:
os.environ[key] = value
sys.stdout = old_stdout
sys.stderr = old_stderr
sys.stdin = old_stdin
termui.visible_prompt_func = old_visible_prompt_func
termui.hidden_prompt_func = old_hidden_prompt_func
termui._getchar = old__getchar_func
utils.should_strip_ansi = old_should_strip_ansi # type: ignore
formatting.FORCED_WIDTH = old_forced_width
def invoke(
self,
cli: "BaseCommand",
args: t.Optional[t.Union[str, t.Sequence[str]]] = None,
input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]] = None,
env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
catch_exceptions: bool = True,
color: bool = False,
**extra: t.Any,
) -> Result:
"""Invokes a command in an isolated environment. The arguments are
forwarded directly to the command line script, the `extra` keyword
arguments are passed to the :meth:`~clickpkg.Command.main` function of
the command.
This returns a :class:`Result` object.
:param cli: the command to invoke
:param args: the arguments to invoke. It may be given as an iterable
or a string. When given as string it will be interpreted
as a Unix shell command. More details at
:func:`shlex.split`.
:param input: the input data for `sys.stdin`.
:param env: the environment overrides.
:param catch_exceptions: Whether to catch any other exceptions than
``SystemExit``.
:param extra: the keyword arguments to pass to :meth:`main`.
:param color: whether the output should contain color codes. The
application can still override this explicitly.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
The result object has the ``return_value`` attribute with
the value returned from the invoked command.
.. versionchanged:: 4.0
Added the ``color`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
Added the ``catch_exceptions`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
The result object has the ``exc_info`` attribute with the
traceback if available.
"""
exc_info = None
with self.isolation(input=input, env=env, color=color) as outstreams:
return_value = None
exception: t.Optional[BaseException] = None
exit_code = 0
if isinstance(args, str):
args = shlex.split(args)
try:
prog_name = extra.pop("prog_name")
except KeyError:
prog_name = self.get_default_prog_name(cli)
try:
return_value = cli.main(args=args or (), prog_name=prog_name, **extra)
except SystemExit as e:
exc_info = sys.exc_info()
e_code = t.cast(t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Any]], e.code)
if e_code is None:
e_code = 0
if e_code != 0:
exception = e
if not isinstance(e_code, int):
sys.stdout.write(str(e_code))
sys.stdout.write("\n")
e_code = 1
exit_code = e_code
except Exception as e:
if not catch_exceptions:
raise
exception = e
exit_code = 1
exc_info = sys.exc_info()
finally:
sys.stdout.flush()
stdout = outstreams[0].getvalue()
if self.mix_stderr:
stderr = None
else:
stderr = outstreams[1].getvalue() # type: ignore
return Result(
runner=self,
stdout_bytes=stdout,
stderr_bytes=stderr,
return_value=return_value,
exit_code=exit_code,
exception=exception,
exc_info=exc_info, # type: ignore
)
@contextlib.contextmanager
def isolated_filesystem(
self, temp_dir: t.Optional[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]] = None
) -> t.Iterator[str]:
"""A context manager that creates a temporary directory and
changes the current working directory to it. This isolates tests
that affect the contents of the CWD to prevent them from
interfering with each other.
:param temp_dir: Create the temporary directory under this
directory. If given, the created directory is not removed
when exiting.
.. versionchanged:: 8.0
Added the ``temp_dir`` parameter.
"""
cwd = os.getcwd()
dt = tempfile.mkdtemp(dir=temp_dir) # type: ignore[type-var]
os.chdir(dt)
try:
yield t.cast(str, dt)
finally:
os.chdir(cwd)
if temp_dir is None:
try:
shutil.rmtree(dt)
except OSError: # noqa: B014
pass

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

@ -0,0 +1,580 @@
import os
import re
import sys
import typing as t
from functools import update_wrapper
from types import ModuleType
from ._compat import _default_text_stderr
from ._compat import _default_text_stdout
from ._compat import _find_binary_writer
from ._compat import auto_wrap_for_ansi
from ._compat import binary_streams
from ._compat import get_filesystem_encoding
from ._compat import open_stream
from ._compat import should_strip_ansi
from ._compat import strip_ansi
from ._compat import text_streams
from ._compat import WIN
from .globals import resolve_color_default
if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
import typing_extensions as te
F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
def _posixify(name: str) -> str:
return "-".join(name.split()).lower()
def safecall(func: F) -> F:
"""Wraps a function so that it swallows exceptions."""
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): # type: ignore
try:
return func(*args, **kwargs)
except Exception:
pass
return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, wrapper), func)
def make_str(value: t.Any) -> str:
"""Converts a value into a valid string."""
if isinstance(value, bytes):
try:
return value.decode(get_filesystem_encoding())
except UnicodeError:
return value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
return str(value)
def make_default_short_help(help: str, max_length: int = 45) -> str:
"""Returns a condensed version of help string."""
# Consider only the first paragraph.
paragraph_end = help.find("\n\n")
if paragraph_end != -1:
help = help[:paragraph_end]
# Collapse newlines, tabs, and spaces.
words = help.split()
if not words:
return ""
# The first paragraph started with a "no rewrap" marker, ignore it.
if words[0] == "\b":
words = words[1:]
total_length = 0
last_index = len(words) - 1
for i, word in enumerate(words):
total_length += len(word) + (i > 0)
if total_length > max_length: # too long, truncate
break
if word[-1] == ".": # sentence end, truncate without "..."
return " ".join(words[: i + 1])
if total_length == max_length and i != last_index:
break # not at sentence end, truncate with "..."
else:
return " ".join(words) # no truncation needed
# Account for the length of the suffix.
total_length += len("...")
# remove words until the length is short enough
while i > 0:
total_length -= len(words[i]) + (i > 0)
if total_length <= max_length:
break
i -= 1
return " ".join(words[:i]) + "..."
class LazyFile:
"""A lazy file works like a regular file but it does not fully open
the file but it does perform some basic checks early to see if the
filename parameter does make sense. This is useful for safely opening
files for writing.
"""
def __init__(
self,
filename: str,
mode: str = "r",
encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
atomic: bool = False,
):
self.name = filename
self.mode = mode
self.encoding = encoding
self.errors = errors
self.atomic = atomic
self._f: t.Optional[t.IO]
if filename == "-":
self._f, self.should_close = open_stream(filename, mode, encoding, errors)
else:
if "r" in mode:
# Open and close the file in case we're opening it for
# reading so that we can catch at least some errors in
# some cases early.
open(filename, mode).close()
self._f = None
self.should_close = True
def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
return getattr(self.open(), name)
def __repr__(self) -> str:
if self._f is not None:
return repr(self._f)
return f"<unopened file '{self.name}' {self.mode}>"
def open(self) -> t.IO:
"""Opens the file if it's not yet open. This call might fail with
a :exc:`FileError`. Not handling this error will produce an error
that Click shows.
"""
if self._f is not None:
return self._f
try:
rv, self.should_close = open_stream(
self.name, self.mode, self.encoding, self.errors, atomic=self.atomic
)
except OSError as e: # noqa: E402
from .exceptions import FileError
raise FileError(self.name, hint=e.strerror) from e
self._f = rv
return rv
def close(self) -> None:
"""Closes the underlying file, no matter what."""
if self._f is not None:
self._f.close()
def close_intelligently(self) -> None:
"""This function only closes the file if it was opened by the lazy
file wrapper. For instance this will never close stdin.
"""
if self.should_close:
self.close()
def __enter__(self) -> "LazyFile":
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
self.close_intelligently()
def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]:
self.open()
return iter(self._f) # type: ignore
class KeepOpenFile:
def __init__(self, file: t.IO) -> None:
self._file = file
def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
return getattr(self._file, name)
def __enter__(self) -> "KeepOpenFile":
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): # type: ignore
pass
def __repr__(self) -> str:
return repr(self._file)
def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]:
return iter(self._file)
def echo(
message: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
file: t.Optional[t.IO[t.Any]] = None,
nl: bool = True,
err: bool = False,
color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
) -> None:
"""Print a message and newline to stdout or a file. This should be
used instead of :func:`print` because it provides better support
for different data, files, and environments.
Compared to :func:`print`, this does the following:
- Ensures that the output encoding is not misconfigured on Linux.
- Supports Unicode in the Windows console.
- Supports writing to binary outputs, and supports writing bytes
to text outputs.
- Supports colors and styles on Windows.
- Removes ANSI color and style codes if the output does not look
like an interactive terminal.
- Always flushes the output.
:param message: The string or bytes to output. Other objects are
converted to strings.
:param file: The file to write to. Defaults to ``stdout``.
:param err: Write to ``stderr`` instead of ``stdout``.
:param nl: Print a newline after the message. Enabled by default.
:param color: Force showing or hiding colors and other styles. By
default Click will remove color if the output does not look like
an interactive terminal.
.. versionchanged:: 6.0
Support Unicode output on the Windows console. Click does not
modify ``sys.stdout``, so ``sys.stdout.write()`` and ``print()``
will still not support Unicode.
.. versionchanged:: 4.0
Added the ``color`` parameter.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
Added the ``err`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 2.0
Support colors on Windows if colorama is installed.
"""
if file is None:
if err:
file = _default_text_stderr()
else:
file = _default_text_stdout()
# Convert non bytes/text into the native string type.
if message is not None and not isinstance(message, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
out: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes]] = str(message)
else:
out = message
if nl:
out = out or ""
if isinstance(out, str):
out += "\n"
else:
out += b"\n"
if not out:
file.flush()
return
# If there is a message and the value looks like bytes, we manually
# need to find the binary stream and write the message in there.
# This is done separately so that most stream types will work as you
# would expect. Eg: you can write to StringIO for other cases.
if isinstance(out, (bytes, bytearray)):
binary_file = _find_binary_writer(file)
if binary_file is not None:
file.flush()
binary_file.write(out)
binary_file.flush()
return
# ANSI style code support. For no message or bytes, nothing happens.
# When outputting to a file instead of a terminal, strip codes.
else:
color = resolve_color_default(color)
if should_strip_ansi(file, color):
out = strip_ansi(out)
elif WIN:
if auto_wrap_for_ansi is not None:
file = auto_wrap_for_ansi(file) # type: ignore
elif not color:
out = strip_ansi(out)
file.write(out) # type: ignore
file.flush()
def get_binary_stream(name: "te.Literal['stdin', 'stdout', 'stderr']") -> t.BinaryIO:
"""Returns a system stream for byte processing.
:param name: the name of the stream to open. Valid names are ``'stdin'``,
``'stdout'`` and ``'stderr'``
"""
opener = binary_streams.get(name)
if opener is None:
raise TypeError(f"Unknown standard stream '{name}'")
return opener()
def get_text_stream(
name: "te.Literal['stdin', 'stdout', 'stderr']",
encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
) -> t.TextIO:
"""Returns a system stream for text processing. This usually returns
a wrapped stream around a binary stream returned from
:func:`get_binary_stream` but it also can take shortcuts for already
correctly configured streams.
:param name: the name of the stream to open. Valid names are ``'stdin'``,
``'stdout'`` and ``'stderr'``
:param encoding: overrides the detected default encoding.
:param errors: overrides the default error mode.
"""
opener = text_streams.get(name)
if opener is None:
raise TypeError(f"Unknown standard stream '{name}'")
return opener(encoding, errors)
def open_file(
filename: str,
mode: str = "r",
encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
lazy: bool = False,
atomic: bool = False,
) -> t.IO:
"""Open a file, with extra behavior to handle ``'-'`` to indicate
a standard stream, lazy open on write, and atomic write. Similar to
the behavior of the :class:`~click.File` param type.
If ``'-'`` is given to open ``stdout`` or ``stdin``, the stream is
wrapped so that using it in a context manager will not close it.
This makes it possible to use the function without accidentally
closing a standard stream:
.. code-block:: python
with open_file(filename) as f:
...
:param filename: The name of the file to open, or ``'-'`` for
``stdin``/``stdout``.
:param mode: The mode in which to open the file.
:param encoding: The encoding to decode or encode a file opened in
text mode.
:param errors: The error handling mode.
:param lazy: Wait to open the file until it is accessed. For read
mode, the file is temporarily opened to raise access errors
early, then closed until it is read again.
:param atomic: Write to a temporary file and replace the given file
on close.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
if lazy:
return t.cast(t.IO, LazyFile(filename, mode, encoding, errors, atomic=atomic))
f, should_close = open_stream(filename, mode, encoding, errors, atomic=atomic)
if not should_close:
f = t.cast(t.IO, KeepOpenFile(f))
return f
def format_filename(
filename: t.Union[str, bytes, os.PathLike], shorten: bool = False
) -> str:
"""Formats a filename for user display. The main purpose of this
function is to ensure that the filename can be displayed at all. This
will decode the filename to unicode if necessary in a way that it will
not fail. Optionally, it can shorten the filename to not include the
full path to the filename.
:param filename: formats a filename for UI display. This will also convert
the filename into unicode without failing.
:param shorten: this optionally shortens the filename to strip of the
path that leads up to it.
"""
if shorten:
filename = os.path.basename(filename)
return os.fsdecode(filename)
def get_app_dir(app_name: str, roaming: bool = True, force_posix: bool = False) -> str:
r"""Returns the config folder for the application. The default behavior
is to return whatever is most appropriate for the operating system.
To give you an idea, for an app called ``"Foo Bar"``, something like
the following folders could be returned:
Mac OS X:
``~/Library/Application Support/Foo Bar``
Mac OS X (POSIX):
``~/.foo-bar``
Unix:
``~/.config/foo-bar``
Unix (POSIX):
``~/.foo-bar``
Windows (roaming):
``C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Roaming\Foo Bar``
Windows (not roaming):
``C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\Foo Bar``
.. versionadded:: 2.0
:param app_name: the application name. This should be properly capitalized
and can contain whitespace.
:param roaming: controls if the folder should be roaming or not on Windows.
Has no affect otherwise.
:param force_posix: if this is set to `True` then on any POSIX system the
folder will be stored in the home folder with a leading
dot instead of the XDG config home or darwin's
application support folder.
"""
if WIN:
key = "APPDATA" if roaming else "LOCALAPPDATA"
folder = os.environ.get(key)
if folder is None:
folder = os.path.expanduser("~")
return os.path.join(folder, app_name)
if force_posix:
return os.path.join(os.path.expanduser(f"~/.{_posixify(app_name)}"))
if sys.platform == "darwin":
return os.path.join(
os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Application Support"), app_name
)
return os.path.join(
os.environ.get("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", os.path.expanduser("~/.config")),
_posixify(app_name),
)
class PacifyFlushWrapper:
"""This wrapper is used to catch and suppress BrokenPipeErrors resulting
from ``.flush()`` being called on broken pipe during the shutdown/final-GC
of the Python interpreter. Notably ``.flush()`` is always called on
``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``. So as to have minimal impact on any
other cleanup code, and the case where the underlying file is not a broken
pipe, all calls and attributes are proxied.
"""
def __init__(self, wrapped: t.IO) -> None:
self.wrapped = wrapped
def flush(self) -> None:
try:
self.wrapped.flush()
except OSError as e:
import errno
if e.errno != errno.EPIPE:
raise
def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> t.Any:
return getattr(self.wrapped, attr)
def _detect_program_name(
path: t.Optional[str] = None, _main: t.Optional[ModuleType] = None
) -> str:
"""Determine the command used to run the program, for use in help
text. If a file or entry point was executed, the file name is
returned. If ``python -m`` was used to execute a module or package,
``python -m name`` is returned.
This doesn't try to be too precise, the goal is to give a concise
name for help text. Files are only shown as their name without the
path. ``python`` is only shown for modules, and the full path to
``sys.executable`` is not shown.
:param path: The Python file being executed. Python puts this in
``sys.argv[0]``, which is used by default.
:param _main: The ``__main__`` module. This should only be passed
during internal testing.
.. versionadded:: 8.0
Based on command args detection in the Werkzeug reloader.
:meta private:
"""
if _main is None:
_main = sys.modules["__main__"]
if not path:
path = sys.argv[0]
# The value of __package__ indicates how Python was called. It may
# not exist if a setuptools script is installed as an egg. It may be
# set incorrectly for entry points created with pip on Windows.
if getattr(_main, "__package__", None) is None or (
os.name == "nt"
and _main.__package__ == ""
and not os.path.exists(path)
and os.path.exists(f"{path}.exe")
):
# Executed a file, like "python app.py".
return os.path.basename(path)
# Executed a module, like "python -m example".
# Rewritten by Python from "-m script" to "/path/to/script.py".
# Need to look at main module to determine how it was executed.
py_module = t.cast(str, _main.__package__)
name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(path))[0]
# A submodule like "example.cli".
if name != "__main__":
py_module = f"{py_module}.{name}"
return f"python -m {py_module.lstrip('.')}"
def _expand_args(
args: t.Iterable[str],
*,
user: bool = True,
env: bool = True,
glob_recursive: bool = True,
) -> t.List[str]:
"""Simulate Unix shell expansion with Python functions.
See :func:`glob.glob`, :func:`os.path.expanduser`, and
:func:`os.path.expandvars`.
This is intended for use on Windows, where the shell does not do any
expansion. It may not exactly match what a Unix shell would do.
:param args: List of command line arguments to expand.
:param user: Expand user home directory.
:param env: Expand environment variables.
:param glob_recursive: ``**`` matches directories recursively.
.. versionchanged:: 8.1
Invalid glob patterns are treated as empty expansions rather
than raising an error.
.. versionadded:: 8.0
:meta private:
"""
from glob import glob
out = []
for arg in args:
if user:
arg = os.path.expanduser(arg)
if env:
arg = os.path.expandvars(arg)
try:
matches = glob(arg, recursive=glob_recursive)
except re.error:
matches = []
if not matches:
out.append(arg)
else:
out.extend(matches)
return out

@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
Copyright (c) 2010 Jonathan Hartley
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of the copyright holders, nor those of its contributors
may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
Metadata-Version: 2.1
Name: colorama
Version: 0.4.5
Summary: Cross-platform colored terminal text.
Home-page: https://github.com/tartley/colorama
Author: Jonathan Hartley
Author-email: tartley@tartley.com
Maintainer: Arnon Yaari
License: BSD
Keywords: color colour terminal text ansi windows crossplatform xplatform
Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
Classifier: Environment :: Console
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
Classifier: Topic :: Terminals
Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*
License-File: LICENSE.txt
.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/colorama.svg
:target: https://pypi.org/project/colorama/
:alt: Latest Version
.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/colorama.svg
:target: https://pypi.org/project/colorama/
:alt: Supported Python versions
.. image:: https://github.com/tartley/colorama/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg
:target: https://github.com/tartley/colorama/actions/workflows/test.yml
:alt: Build Status
Colorama
========
Makes ANSI escape character sequences (for producing colored terminal text and
cursor positioning) work under MS Windows.
.. |donate| image:: https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_donate_SM.gif
:target: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_donations&business=2MZ9D2GMLYCUJ&item_name=Colorama&currency_code=USD
:alt: Donate with Paypal
`PyPI for releases <https://pypi.org/project/colorama/>`_ |
`Github for source <https://github.com/tartley/colorama>`_ |
`Colorama for enterprise on Tidelift <https://github.com/tartley/colorama/blob/master/ENTERPRISE.md>`_
If you find Colorama useful, please |donate| to the authors. Thank you!
Installation
------------
Tested on CPython 2.7, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9 and 3.10 and Pypy 2.7 and 3.6.
No requirements other than the standard library.
.. code-block:: bash
pip install colorama
# or
conda install -c anaconda colorama
Description
-----------
ANSI escape character sequences have long been used to produce colored terminal
text and cursor positioning on Unix and Macs. Colorama makes this work on
Windows, too, by wrapping ``stdout``, stripping ANSI sequences it finds (which
would appear as gobbledygook in the output), and converting them into the
appropriate win32 calls to modify the state of the terminal. On other platforms,
Colorama does nothing.
This has the upshot of providing a simple cross-platform API for printing
colored terminal text from Python, and has the happy side-effect that existing
applications or libraries which use ANSI sequences to produce colored output on
Linux or Macs can now also work on Windows, simply by calling
``colorama.init()``.
An alternative approach is to install ``ansi.sys`` on Windows machines, which
provides the same behaviour for all applications running in terminals. Colorama
is intended for situations where that isn't easy (e.g., maybe your app doesn't
have an installer.)
Demo scripts in the source code repository print some colored text using
ANSI sequences. Compare their output under Gnome-terminal's built in ANSI
handling, versus on Windows Command-Prompt using Colorama:
.. image:: https://github.com/tartley/colorama/raw/master/screenshots/ubuntu-demo.png
:width: 661
:height: 357
:alt: ANSI sequences on Ubuntu under gnome-terminal.
.. image:: https://github.com/tartley/colorama/raw/master/screenshots/windows-demo.png
:width: 668
:height: 325
:alt: Same ANSI sequences on Windows, using Colorama.
These screenshots show that, on Windows, Colorama does not support ANSI 'dim
text'; it looks the same as 'normal text'.
Usage
-----
Initialisation
..............
Applications should initialise Colorama using:
.. code-block:: python
from colorama import init
init()
On Windows, calling ``init()`` will filter ANSI escape sequences out of any
text sent to ``stdout`` or ``stderr``, and replace them with equivalent Win32
calls.
On other platforms, calling ``init()`` has no effect (unless you request other
optional functionality, see "Init Keyword Args" below; or if output
is redirected). By design, this permits applications to call ``init()``
unconditionally on all platforms, after which ANSI output should just work.
On all platforms, if output is redirected, ANSI escape sequences are completely
stripped out.
To stop using Colorama before your program exits, simply call ``deinit()``.
This will restore ``stdout`` and ``stderr`` to their original values, so that
Colorama is disabled. To resume using Colorama again, call ``reinit()``; it is
cheaper than calling ``init()`` again (but does the same thing).
Colored Output
..............
Cross-platform printing of colored text can then be done using Colorama's
constant shorthand for ANSI escape sequences. These are deliberately
rudimentary, see below.
.. code-block:: python
from colorama import Fore, Back, Style
print(Fore.RED + 'some red text')
print(Back.GREEN + 'and with a green background')
print(Style.DIM + 'and in dim text')
print(Style.RESET_ALL)
print('back to normal now')
...or simply by manually printing ANSI sequences from your own code:
.. code-block:: python
print('\033[31m' + 'some red text')
print('\033[39m') # and reset to default color
...or, Colorama can be used in conjunction with existing ANSI libraries
such as the venerable `Termcolor <https://pypi.org/project/termcolor/>`_
the fabulous `Blessings <https://pypi.org/project/blessings/>`_,
or the incredible `_Rich <https://pypi.org/project/rich/>`_.
If you wish Colorama's Fore, Back and Style constants were more capable,
then consider using one of the above highly capable libraries to generate
colors, etc, and use Colorama just for its primary purpose: to convert
those ANSI sequences to also work on Windows:
.. code-block:: python
from colorama import init
from termcolor import colored
# use Colorama to make Termcolor work on Windows too
init()
# then use Termcolor for all colored text output
print(colored('Hello, World!', 'green', 'on_red'))
Available formatting constants are::
Fore: BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE, RESET.
Back: BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE, RESET.
Style: DIM, NORMAL, BRIGHT, RESET_ALL
``Style.RESET_ALL`` resets foreground, background, and brightness. Colorama will
perform this reset automatically on program exit.
These are fairly well supported, but not part of the standard::
Fore: LIGHTBLACK_EX, LIGHTRED_EX, LIGHTGREEN_EX, LIGHTYELLOW_EX, LIGHTBLUE_EX, LIGHTMAGENTA_EX, LIGHTCYAN_EX, LIGHTWHITE_EX
Back: LIGHTBLACK_EX, LIGHTRED_EX, LIGHTGREEN_EX, LIGHTYELLOW_EX, LIGHTBLUE_EX, LIGHTMAGENTA_EX, LIGHTCYAN_EX, LIGHTWHITE_EX
Cursor Positioning
..................
ANSI codes to reposition the cursor are supported. See ``demos/demo06.py`` for
an example of how to generate them.
Init Keyword Args
.................
``init()`` accepts some ``**kwargs`` to override default behaviour.
init(autoreset=False):
If you find yourself repeatedly sending reset sequences to turn off color
changes at the end of every print, then ``init(autoreset=True)`` will
automate that:
.. code-block:: python
from colorama import init
init(autoreset=True)
print(Fore.RED + 'some red text')
print('automatically back to default color again')
init(strip=None):
Pass ``True`` or ``False`` to override whether ANSI codes should be
stripped from the output. The default behaviour is to strip if on Windows
or if output is redirected (not a tty).
init(convert=None):
Pass ``True`` or ``False`` to override whether to convert ANSI codes in the
output into win32 calls. The default behaviour is to convert if on Windows
and output is to a tty (terminal).
init(wrap=True):
On Windows, Colorama works by replacing ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``
with proxy objects, which override the ``.write()`` method to do their work.
If this wrapping causes you problems, then this can be disabled by passing
``init(wrap=False)``. The default behaviour is to wrap if ``autoreset`` or
``strip`` or ``convert`` are True.
When wrapping is disabled, colored printing on non-Windows platforms will
continue to work as normal. To do cross-platform colored output, you can
use Colorama's ``AnsiToWin32`` proxy directly:
.. code-block:: python
import sys
from colorama import init, AnsiToWin32
init(wrap=False)
stream = AnsiToWin32(sys.stderr).stream
# Python 2
print >>stream, Fore.BLUE + 'blue text on stderr'
# Python 3
print(Fore.BLUE + 'blue text on stderr', file=stream)
Recognised ANSI Sequences
.........................
ANSI sequences generally take the form::
ESC [ <param> ; <param> ... <command>
Where ``<param>`` is an integer, and ``<command>`` is a single letter. Zero or
more params are passed to a ``<command>``. If no params are passed, it is
generally synonymous with passing a single zero. No spaces exist in the
sequence; they have been inserted here simply to read more easily.
The only ANSI sequences that Colorama converts into win32 calls are::
ESC [ 0 m # reset all (colors and brightness)
ESC [ 1 m # bright
ESC [ 2 m # dim (looks same as normal brightness)
ESC [ 22 m # normal brightness
# FOREGROUND:
ESC [ 30 m # black
ESC [ 31 m # red
ESC [ 32 m # green
ESC [ 33 m # yellow
ESC [ 34 m # blue
ESC [ 35 m # magenta
ESC [ 36 m # cyan
ESC [ 37 m # white
ESC [ 39 m # reset
# BACKGROUND
ESC [ 40 m # black
ESC [ 41 m # red
ESC [ 42 m # green
ESC [ 43 m # yellow
ESC [ 44 m # blue
ESC [ 45 m # magenta
ESC [ 46 m # cyan
ESC [ 47 m # white
ESC [ 49 m # reset
# cursor positioning
ESC [ y;x H # position cursor at x across, y down
ESC [ y;x f # position cursor at x across, y down
ESC [ n A # move cursor n lines up
ESC [ n B # move cursor n lines down
ESC [ n C # move cursor n characters forward
ESC [ n D # move cursor n characters backward
# clear the screen
ESC [ mode J # clear the screen
# clear the line
ESC [ mode K # clear the line
Multiple numeric params to the ``'m'`` command can be combined into a single
sequence::
ESC [ 36 ; 45 ; 1 m # bright cyan text on magenta background
All other ANSI sequences of the form ``ESC [ <param> ; <param> ... <command>``
are silently stripped from the output on Windows.
Any other form of ANSI sequence, such as single-character codes or alternative
initial characters, are not recognised or stripped. It would be cool to add
them though. Let me know if it would be useful for you, via the Issues on
GitHub.
Status & Known Problems
-----------------------
I've personally only tested it on Windows XP (CMD, Console2), Ubuntu
(gnome-terminal, xterm), and OS X.
Some presumably valid ANSI sequences aren't recognised (see details below),
but to my knowledge nobody has yet complained about this. Puzzling.
See outstanding issues and wish-list:
https://github.com/tartley/colorama/issues
If anything doesn't work for you, or doesn't do what you expected or hoped for,
I'd love to hear about it on that issues list, would be delighted by patches,
and would be happy to grant commit access to anyone who submits a working patch
or two.
If you're hacking on the code, see `README-hacking.md`_.
.. _README-hacking.md: README-hacking.md
License
-------
Copyright Jonathan Hartley & Arnon Yaari, 2013-2020. BSD 3-Clause license; see
LICENSE file.
Professional support
--------------------
.. |tideliftlogo| image:: https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/4008838/website/logos/logos_for_download/Tidelift_primary-shorthand-logo.png
:alt: Tidelift
:target: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-colorama?utm_source=pypi-colorama&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=readme
.. list-table::
:widths: 10 100
* - |tideliftlogo|
- Professional support for colorama is available as part of the
`Tidelift Subscription`_.
Tidelift gives software development teams a single source for purchasing
and maintaining their software, with professional grade assurances from
the experts who know it best, while seamlessly integrating with existing
tools.
.. _Tidelift Subscription: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-colorama?utm_source=pypi-colorama&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=readme
Thanks
------
* Marc Schlaich (schlamar) for a ``setup.py`` fix for Python2.5.
* Marc Abramowitz, reported & fixed a crash on exit with closed ``stdout``,
providing a solution to issue #7's setuptools/distutils debate,
and other fixes.
* User 'eryksun', for guidance on correctly instantiating ``ctypes.windll``.
* Matthew McCormick for politely pointing out a longstanding crash on non-Win.
* Ben Hoyt, for a magnificent fix under 64-bit Windows.
* Jesse at Empty Square for submitting a fix for examples in the README.
* User 'jamessp', an observant documentation fix for cursor positioning.
* User 'vaal1239', Dave Mckee & Lackner Kristof for a tiny but much-needed Win7
fix.
* Julien Stuyck, for wisely suggesting Python3 compatible updates to README.
* Daniel Griffith for multiple fabulous patches.
* Oscar Lesta for a valuable fix to stop ANSI chars being sent to non-tty
output.
* Roger Binns, for many suggestions, valuable feedback, & bug reports.
* Tim Golden for thought and much appreciated feedback on the initial idea.
* User 'Zearin' for updates to the README file.
* John Szakmeister for adding support for light colors
* Charles Merriam for adding documentation to demos
* Jurko for a fix on 64-bit Windows CPython2.5 w/o ctypes
* Florian Bruhin for a fix when stdout or stderr are None
* Thomas Weininger for fixing ValueError on Windows
* Remi Rampin for better Github integration and fixes to the README file
* Simeon Visser for closing a file handle using 'with' and updating classifiers
to include Python 3.3 and 3.4
* Andy Neff for fixing RESET of LIGHT_EX colors.
* Jonathan Hartley for the initial idea and implementation.

@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
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@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
Wheel-Version: 1.0
Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.1)
Root-Is-Purelib: true
Tag: py2-none-any
Tag: py3-none-any

@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
from .initialise import init, deinit, reinit, colorama_text
from .ansi import Fore, Back, Style, Cursor
from .ansitowin32 import AnsiToWin32
__version__ = '0.4.5'

@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
'''
This module generates ANSI character codes to printing colors to terminals.
See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
'''
CSI = '\033['
OSC = '\033]'
BEL = '\a'
def code_to_chars(code):
return CSI + str(code) + 'm'
def set_title(title):
return OSC + '2;' + title + BEL
def clear_screen(mode=2):
return CSI + str(mode) + 'J'
def clear_line(mode=2):
return CSI + str(mode) + 'K'
class AnsiCodes(object):
def __init__(self):
# the subclasses declare class attributes which are numbers.
# Upon instantiation we define instance attributes, which are the same
# as the class attributes but wrapped with the ANSI escape sequence
for name in dir(self):
if not name.startswith('_'):
value = getattr(self, name)
setattr(self, name, code_to_chars(value))
class AnsiCursor(object):
def UP(self, n=1):
return CSI + str(n) + 'A'
def DOWN(self, n=1):
return CSI + str(n) + 'B'
def FORWARD(self, n=1):
return CSI + str(n) + 'C'
def BACK(self, n=1):
return CSI + str(n) + 'D'
def POS(self, x=1, y=1):
return CSI + str(y) + ';' + str(x) + 'H'
class AnsiFore(AnsiCodes):
BLACK = 30
RED = 31
GREEN = 32
YELLOW = 33
BLUE = 34
MAGENTA = 35
CYAN = 36
WHITE = 37
RESET = 39
# These are fairly well supported, but not part of the standard.
LIGHTBLACK_EX = 90
LIGHTRED_EX = 91
LIGHTGREEN_EX = 92
LIGHTYELLOW_EX = 93
LIGHTBLUE_EX = 94
LIGHTMAGENTA_EX = 95
LIGHTCYAN_EX = 96
LIGHTWHITE_EX = 97
class AnsiBack(AnsiCodes):
BLACK = 40
RED = 41
GREEN = 42
YELLOW = 43
BLUE = 44
MAGENTA = 45
CYAN = 46
WHITE = 47
RESET = 49
# These are fairly well supported, but not part of the standard.
LIGHTBLACK_EX = 100
LIGHTRED_EX = 101
LIGHTGREEN_EX = 102
LIGHTYELLOW_EX = 103
LIGHTBLUE_EX = 104
LIGHTMAGENTA_EX = 105
LIGHTCYAN_EX = 106
LIGHTWHITE_EX = 107
class AnsiStyle(AnsiCodes):
BRIGHT = 1
DIM = 2
NORMAL = 22
RESET_ALL = 0
Fore = AnsiFore()
Back = AnsiBack()
Style = AnsiStyle()
Cursor = AnsiCursor()

@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
import re
import sys
import os
from .ansi import AnsiFore, AnsiBack, AnsiStyle, Style, BEL
from .winterm import WinTerm, WinColor, WinStyle
from .win32 import windll, winapi_test
winterm = None
if windll is not None:
winterm = WinTerm()
class StreamWrapper(object):
'''
Wraps a stream (such as stdout), acting as a transparent proxy for all
attribute access apart from method 'write()', which is delegated to our
Converter instance.
'''
def __init__(self, wrapped, converter):
# double-underscore everything to prevent clashes with names of
# attributes on the wrapped stream object.
self.__wrapped = wrapped
self.__convertor = converter
def __getattr__(self, name):
return getattr(self.__wrapped, name)
def __enter__(self, *args, **kwargs):
# special method lookup bypasses __getattr__/__getattribute__, see
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12632894/why-doesnt-getattr-work-with-exit
# thus, contextlib magic methods are not proxied via __getattr__
return self.__wrapped.__enter__(*args, **kwargs)
def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
return self.__wrapped.__exit__(*args, **kwargs)
def __setstate__(self, state):
self.__dict__ = state
def __getstate__(self):
return self.__dict__
def write(self, text):
self.__convertor.write(text)
def isatty(self):
stream = self.__wrapped
if 'PYCHARM_HOSTED' in os.environ:
if stream is not None and (stream is sys.__stdout__ or stream is sys.__stderr__):
return True
try:
stream_isatty = stream.isatty
except AttributeError:
return False
else:
return stream_isatty()
@property
def closed(self):
stream = self.__wrapped
try:
return stream.closed
# AttributeError in the case that the stream doesn't support being closed
# ValueError for the case that the stream has already been detached when atexit runs
except (AttributeError, ValueError):
return True
class AnsiToWin32(object):
'''
Implements a 'write()' method which, on Windows, will strip ANSI character
sequences from the text, and if outputting to a tty, will convert them into
win32 function calls.
'''
ANSI_CSI_RE = re.compile('\001?\033\\[((?:\\d|;)*)([a-zA-Z])\002?') # Control Sequence Introducer
ANSI_OSC_RE = re.compile('\001?\033\\]([^\a]*)(\a)\002?') # Operating System Command
def __init__(self, wrapped, convert=None, strip=None, autoreset=False):
# The wrapped stream (normally sys.stdout or sys.stderr)
self.wrapped = wrapped
# should we reset colors to defaults after every .write()
self.autoreset = autoreset
# create the proxy wrapping our output stream
self.stream = StreamWrapper(wrapped, self)
on_windows = os.name == 'nt'
# We test if the WinAPI works, because even if we are on Windows
# we may be using a terminal that doesn't support the WinAPI
# (e.g. Cygwin Terminal). In this case it's up to the terminal
# to support the ANSI codes.
conversion_supported = on_windows and winapi_test()
# should we strip ANSI sequences from our output?
if strip is None:
strip = conversion_supported or (not self.stream.closed and not self.stream.isatty())
self.strip = strip
# should we should convert ANSI sequences into win32 calls?
if convert is None:
convert = conversion_supported and not self.stream.closed and self.stream.isatty()
self.convert = convert
# dict of ansi codes to win32 functions and parameters
self.win32_calls = self.get_win32_calls()
# are we wrapping stderr?
self.on_stderr = self.wrapped is sys.stderr
def should_wrap(self):
'''
True if this class is actually needed. If false, then the output
stream will not be affected, nor will win32 calls be issued, so
wrapping stdout is not actually required. This will generally be
False on non-Windows platforms, unless optional functionality like
autoreset has been requested using kwargs to init()
'''
return self.convert or self.strip or self.autoreset
def get_win32_calls(self):
if self.convert and winterm:
return {
AnsiStyle.RESET_ALL: (winterm.reset_all, ),
AnsiStyle.BRIGHT: (winterm.style, WinStyle.BRIGHT),
AnsiStyle.DIM: (winterm.style, WinStyle.NORMAL),
AnsiStyle.NORMAL: (winterm.style, WinStyle.NORMAL),
AnsiFore.BLACK: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLACK),
AnsiFore.RED: (winterm.fore, WinColor.RED),
AnsiFore.GREEN: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREEN),
AnsiFore.YELLOW: (winterm.fore, WinColor.YELLOW),
AnsiFore.BLUE: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLUE),
AnsiFore.MAGENTA: (winterm.fore, WinColor.MAGENTA),
AnsiFore.CYAN: (winterm.fore, WinColor.CYAN),
AnsiFore.WHITE: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREY),
AnsiFore.RESET: (winterm.fore, ),
AnsiFore.LIGHTBLACK_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLACK, True),
AnsiFore.LIGHTRED_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.RED, True),
AnsiFore.LIGHTGREEN_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREEN, True),
AnsiFore.LIGHTYELLOW_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.YELLOW, True),
AnsiFore.LIGHTBLUE_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLUE, True),
AnsiFore.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.MAGENTA, True),
AnsiFore.LIGHTCYAN_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.CYAN, True),
AnsiFore.LIGHTWHITE_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREY, True),
AnsiBack.BLACK: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLACK),
AnsiBack.RED: (winterm.back, WinColor.RED),
AnsiBack.GREEN: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREEN),
AnsiBack.YELLOW: (winterm.back, WinColor.YELLOW),
AnsiBack.BLUE: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLUE),
AnsiBack.MAGENTA: (winterm.back, WinColor.MAGENTA),
AnsiBack.CYAN: (winterm.back, WinColor.CYAN),
AnsiBack.WHITE: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREY),
AnsiBack.RESET: (winterm.back, ),
AnsiBack.LIGHTBLACK_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLACK, True),
AnsiBack.LIGHTRED_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.RED, True),
AnsiBack.LIGHTGREEN_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREEN, True),
AnsiBack.LIGHTYELLOW_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.YELLOW, True),
AnsiBack.LIGHTBLUE_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLUE, True),
AnsiBack.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.MAGENTA, True),
AnsiBack.LIGHTCYAN_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.CYAN, True),
AnsiBack.LIGHTWHITE_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREY, True),
}
return dict()
def write(self, text):
if self.strip or self.convert:
self.write_and_convert(text)
else:
self.wrapped.write(text)
self.wrapped.flush()
if self.autoreset:
self.reset_all()
def reset_all(self):
if self.convert:
self.call_win32('m', (0,))
elif not self.strip and not self.stream.closed:
self.wrapped.write(Style.RESET_ALL)
def write_and_convert(self, text):
'''
Write the given text to our wrapped stream, stripping any ANSI
sequences from the text, and optionally converting them into win32
calls.
'''
cursor = 0
text = self.convert_osc(text)
for match in self.ANSI_CSI_RE.finditer(text):
start, end = match.span()
self.write_plain_text(text, cursor, start)
self.convert_ansi(*match.groups())
cursor = end
self.write_plain_text(text, cursor, len(text))
def write_plain_text(self, text, start, end):
if start < end:
self.wrapped.write(text[start:end])
self.wrapped.flush()
def convert_ansi(self, paramstring, command):
if self.convert:
params = self.extract_params(command, paramstring)
self.call_win32(command, params)
def extract_params(self, command, paramstring):
if command in 'Hf':
params = tuple(int(p) if len(p) != 0 else 1 for p in paramstring.split(';'))
while len(params) < 2:
# defaults:
params = params + (1,)
else:
params = tuple(int(p) for p in paramstring.split(';') if len(p) != 0)
if len(params) == 0:
# defaults:
if command in 'JKm':
params = (0,)
elif command in 'ABCD':
params = (1,)
return params
def call_win32(self, command, params):
if command == 'm':
for param in params:
if param in self.win32_calls:
func_args = self.win32_calls[param]
func = func_args[0]
args = func_args[1:]
kwargs = dict(on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
func(*args, **kwargs)
elif command in 'J':
winterm.erase_screen(params[0], on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
elif command in 'K':
winterm.erase_line(params[0], on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
elif command in 'Hf': # cursor position - absolute
winterm.set_cursor_position(params, on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
elif command in 'ABCD': # cursor position - relative
n = params[0]
# A - up, B - down, C - forward, D - back
x, y = {'A': (0, -n), 'B': (0, n), 'C': (n, 0), 'D': (-n, 0)}[command]
winterm.cursor_adjust(x, y, on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
def convert_osc(self, text):
for match in self.ANSI_OSC_RE.finditer(text):
start, end = match.span()
text = text[:start] + text[end:]
paramstring, command = match.groups()
if command == BEL:
if paramstring.count(";") == 1:
params = paramstring.split(";")
# 0 - change title and icon (we will only change title)
# 1 - change icon (we don't support this)
# 2 - change title
if params[0] in '02':
winterm.set_title(params[1])
return text

@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
import atexit
import contextlib
import sys
from .ansitowin32 import AnsiToWin32
orig_stdout = None
orig_stderr = None
wrapped_stdout = None
wrapped_stderr = None
atexit_done = False
def reset_all():
if AnsiToWin32 is not None: # Issue #74: objects might become None at exit
AnsiToWin32(orig_stdout).reset_all()
def init(autoreset=False, convert=None, strip=None, wrap=True):
if not wrap and any([autoreset, convert, strip]):
raise ValueError('wrap=False conflicts with any other arg=True')
global wrapped_stdout, wrapped_stderr
global orig_stdout, orig_stderr
orig_stdout = sys.stdout
orig_stderr = sys.stderr
if sys.stdout is None:
wrapped_stdout = None
else:
sys.stdout = wrapped_stdout = \
wrap_stream(orig_stdout, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap)
if sys.stderr is None:
wrapped_stderr = None
else:
sys.stderr = wrapped_stderr = \
wrap_stream(orig_stderr, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap)
global atexit_done
if not atexit_done:
atexit.register(reset_all)
atexit_done = True
def deinit():
if orig_stdout is not None:
sys.stdout = orig_stdout
if orig_stderr is not None:
sys.stderr = orig_stderr
@contextlib.contextmanager
def colorama_text(*args, **kwargs):
init(*args, **kwargs)
try:
yield
finally:
deinit()
def reinit():
if wrapped_stdout is not None:
sys.stdout = wrapped_stdout
if wrapped_stderr is not None:
sys.stderr = wrapped_stderr
def wrap_stream(stream, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap):
if wrap:
wrapper = AnsiToWin32(stream,
convert=convert, strip=strip, autoreset=autoreset)
if wrapper.should_wrap():
stream = wrapper.stream
return stream

@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
# from winbase.h
STDOUT = -11
STDERR = -12
try:
import ctypes
from ctypes import LibraryLoader
windll = LibraryLoader(ctypes.WinDLL)
from ctypes import wintypes
except (AttributeError, ImportError):
windll = None
SetConsoleTextAttribute = lambda *_: None
winapi_test = lambda *_: None
else:
from ctypes import byref, Structure, c_char, POINTER
COORD = wintypes._COORD
class CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO(Structure):
"""struct in wincon.h."""
_fields_ = [
("dwSize", COORD),
("dwCursorPosition", COORD),
("wAttributes", wintypes.WORD),
("srWindow", wintypes.SMALL_RECT),
("dwMaximumWindowSize", COORD),
]
def __str__(self):
return '(%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d)' % (
self.dwSize.Y, self.dwSize.X
, self.dwCursorPosition.Y, self.dwCursorPosition.X
, self.wAttributes
, self.srWindow.Top, self.srWindow.Left, self.srWindow.Bottom, self.srWindow.Right
, self.dwMaximumWindowSize.Y, self.dwMaximumWindowSize.X
)
_GetStdHandle = windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle
_GetStdHandle.argtypes = [
wintypes.DWORD,
]
_GetStdHandle.restype = wintypes.HANDLE
_GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo = windll.kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo
_GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo.argtypes = [
wintypes.HANDLE,
POINTER(CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO),
]
_GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo.restype = wintypes.BOOL
_SetConsoleTextAttribute = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute
_SetConsoleTextAttribute.argtypes = [
wintypes.HANDLE,
wintypes.WORD,
]
_SetConsoleTextAttribute.restype = wintypes.BOOL
_SetConsoleCursorPosition = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleCursorPosition
_SetConsoleCursorPosition.argtypes = [
wintypes.HANDLE,
COORD,
]
_SetConsoleCursorPosition.restype = wintypes.BOOL
_FillConsoleOutputCharacterA = windll.kernel32.FillConsoleOutputCharacterA
_FillConsoleOutputCharacterA.argtypes = [
wintypes.HANDLE,
c_char,
wintypes.DWORD,
COORD,
POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),
]
_FillConsoleOutputCharacterA.restype = wintypes.BOOL
_FillConsoleOutputAttribute = windll.kernel32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute
_FillConsoleOutputAttribute.argtypes = [
wintypes.HANDLE,
wintypes.WORD,
wintypes.DWORD,
COORD,
POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),
]
_FillConsoleOutputAttribute.restype = wintypes.BOOL
_SetConsoleTitleW = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW
_SetConsoleTitleW.argtypes = [
wintypes.LPCWSTR
]
_SetConsoleTitleW.restype = wintypes.BOOL
def _winapi_test(handle):
csbi = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO()
success = _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(
handle, byref(csbi))
return bool(success)
def winapi_test():
return any(_winapi_test(h) for h in
(_GetStdHandle(STDOUT), _GetStdHandle(STDERR)))
def GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(stream_id=STDOUT):
handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
csbi = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO()
success = _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(
handle, byref(csbi))
return csbi
def SetConsoleTextAttribute(stream_id, attrs):
handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
return _SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, attrs)
def SetConsoleCursorPosition(stream_id, position, adjust=True):
position = COORD(*position)
# If the position is out of range, do nothing.
if position.Y <= 0 or position.X <= 0:
return
# Adjust for Windows' SetConsoleCursorPosition:
# 1. being 0-based, while ANSI is 1-based.
# 2. expecting (x,y), while ANSI uses (y,x).
adjusted_position = COORD(position.Y - 1, position.X - 1)
if adjust:
# Adjust for viewport's scroll position
sr = GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(STDOUT).srWindow
adjusted_position.Y += sr.Top
adjusted_position.X += sr.Left
# Resume normal processing
handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
return _SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, adjusted_position)
def FillConsoleOutputCharacter(stream_id, char, length, start):
handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
char = c_char(char.encode())
length = wintypes.DWORD(length)
num_written = wintypes.DWORD(0)
# Note that this is hard-coded for ANSI (vs wide) bytes.
success = _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA(
handle, char, length, start, byref(num_written))
return num_written.value
def FillConsoleOutputAttribute(stream_id, attr, length, start):
''' FillConsoleOutputAttribute( hConsole, csbi.wAttributes, dwConSize, coordScreen, &cCharsWritten )'''
handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
attribute = wintypes.WORD(attr)
length = wintypes.DWORD(length)
num_written = wintypes.DWORD(0)
# Note that this is hard-coded for ANSI (vs wide) bytes.
return _FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
handle, attribute, length, start, byref(num_written))
def SetConsoleTitle(title):
return _SetConsoleTitleW(title)

@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
from . import win32
# from wincon.h
class WinColor(object):
BLACK = 0
BLUE = 1
GREEN = 2
CYAN = 3
RED = 4
MAGENTA = 5
YELLOW = 6
GREY = 7
# from wincon.h
class WinStyle(object):
NORMAL = 0x00 # dim text, dim background
BRIGHT = 0x08 # bright text, dim background
BRIGHT_BACKGROUND = 0x80 # dim text, bright background
class WinTerm(object):
def __init__(self):
self._default = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(win32.STDOUT).wAttributes
self.set_attrs(self._default)
self._default_fore = self._fore
self._default_back = self._back
self._default_style = self._style
# In order to emulate LIGHT_EX in windows, we borrow the BRIGHT style.
# So that LIGHT_EX colors and BRIGHT style do not clobber each other,
# we track them separately, since LIGHT_EX is overwritten by Fore/Back
# and BRIGHT is overwritten by Style codes.
self._light = 0
def get_attrs(self):
return self._fore + self._back * 16 + (self._style | self._light)
def set_attrs(self, value):
self._fore = value & 7
self._back = (value >> 4) & 7
self._style = value & (WinStyle.BRIGHT | WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND)
def reset_all(self, on_stderr=None):
self.set_attrs(self._default)
self.set_console(attrs=self._default)
self._light = 0
def fore(self, fore=None, light=False, on_stderr=False):
if fore is None:
fore = self._default_fore
self._fore = fore
# Emulate LIGHT_EX with BRIGHT Style
if light:
self._light |= WinStyle.BRIGHT
else:
self._light &= ~WinStyle.BRIGHT
self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
def back(self, back=None, light=False, on_stderr=False):
if back is None:
back = self._default_back
self._back = back
# Emulate LIGHT_EX with BRIGHT_BACKGROUND Style
if light:
self._light |= WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND
else:
self._light &= ~WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND
self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
def style(self, style=None, on_stderr=False):
if style is None:
style = self._default_style
self._style = style
self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
def set_console(self, attrs=None, on_stderr=False):
if attrs is None:
attrs = self.get_attrs()
handle = win32.STDOUT
if on_stderr:
handle = win32.STDERR
win32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, attrs)
def get_position(self, handle):
position = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle).dwCursorPosition
# Because Windows coordinates are 0-based,
# and win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition expects 1-based.
position.X += 1
position.Y += 1
return position
def set_cursor_position(self, position=None, on_stderr=False):
if position is None:
# I'm not currently tracking the position, so there is no default.
# position = self.get_position()
return
handle = win32.STDOUT
if on_stderr:
handle = win32.STDERR
win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, position)
def cursor_adjust(self, x, y, on_stderr=False):
handle = win32.STDOUT
if on_stderr:
handle = win32.STDERR
position = self.get_position(handle)
adjusted_position = (position.Y + y, position.X + x)
win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, adjusted_position, adjust=False)
def erase_screen(self, mode=0, on_stderr=False):
# 0 should clear from the cursor to the end of the screen.
# 1 should clear from the cursor to the beginning of the screen.
# 2 should clear the entire screen, and move cursor to (1,1)
handle = win32.STDOUT
if on_stderr:
handle = win32.STDERR
csbi = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle)
# get the number of character cells in the current buffer
cells_in_screen = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y
# get number of character cells before current cursor position
cells_before_cursor = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y + csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
if mode == 0:
from_coord = csbi.dwCursorPosition
cells_to_erase = cells_in_screen - cells_before_cursor
elif mode == 1:
from_coord = win32.COORD(0, 0)
cells_to_erase = cells_before_cursor
elif mode == 2:
from_coord = win32.COORD(0, 0)
cells_to_erase = cells_in_screen
else:
# invalid mode
return
# fill the entire screen with blanks
win32.FillConsoleOutputCharacter(handle, ' ', cells_to_erase, from_coord)
# now set the buffer's attributes accordingly
win32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute(handle, self.get_attrs(), cells_to_erase, from_coord)
if mode == 2:
# put the cursor where needed
win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, (1, 1))
def erase_line(self, mode=0, on_stderr=False):
# 0 should clear from the cursor to the end of the line.
# 1 should clear from the cursor to the beginning of the line.
# 2 should clear the entire line.
handle = win32.STDOUT
if on_stderr:
handle = win32.STDERR
csbi = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle)
if mode == 0:
from_coord = csbi.dwCursorPosition
cells_to_erase = csbi.dwSize.X - csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
elif mode == 1:
from_coord = win32.COORD(0, csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y)
cells_to_erase = csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
elif mode == 2:
from_coord = win32.COORD(0, csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y)
cells_to_erase = csbi.dwSize.X
else:
# invalid mode
return
# fill the entire screen with blanks
win32.FillConsoleOutputCharacter(handle, ' ', cells_to_erase, from_coord)
# now set the buffer's attributes accordingly
win32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute(handle, self.get_attrs(), cells_to_erase, from_coord)
def set_title(self, title):
win32.SetConsoleTitle(title)

@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
from markupsafe import escape
from markupsafe import Markup
from . import json as json
from .app import Flask as Flask
from .app import Request as Request
from .app import Response as Response
from .blueprints import Blueprint as Blueprint
from .config import Config as Config
from .ctx import after_this_request as after_this_request
from .ctx import copy_current_request_context as copy_current_request_context
from .ctx import has_app_context as has_app_context
from .ctx import has_request_context as has_request_context
from .globals import current_app as current_app
from .globals import g as g
from .globals import request as request
from .globals import session as session
from .helpers import abort as abort
from .helpers import flash as flash
from .helpers import get_flashed_messages as get_flashed_messages
from .helpers import get_template_attribute as get_template_attribute
from .helpers import make_response as make_response
from .helpers import redirect as redirect
from .helpers import send_file as send_file
from .helpers import send_from_directory as send_from_directory
from .helpers import stream_with_context as stream_with_context
from .helpers import url_for as url_for
from .json import jsonify as jsonify
from .signals import appcontext_popped as appcontext_popped
from .signals import appcontext_pushed as appcontext_pushed
from .signals import appcontext_tearing_down as appcontext_tearing_down
from .signals import before_render_template as before_render_template
from .signals import got_request_exception as got_request_exception
from .signals import message_flashed as message_flashed
from .signals import request_finished as request_finished
from .signals import request_started as request_started
from .signals import request_tearing_down as request_tearing_down
from .signals import signals_available as signals_available
from .signals import template_rendered as template_rendered
from .templating import render_template as render_template
from .templating import render_template_string as render_template_string
from .templating import stream_template as stream_template
from .templating import stream_template_string as stream_template_string
__version__ = "2.2.2"
def __getattr__(name):
if name == "_app_ctx_stack":
import warnings
from .globals import __app_ctx_stack
warnings.warn(
"'_app_ctx_stack' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.3.",
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2,
)
return __app_ctx_stack
if name == "_request_ctx_stack":
import warnings
from .globals import __request_ctx_stack
warnings.warn(
"'_request_ctx_stack' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.3.",
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2,
)
return __request_ctx_stack
raise AttributeError(name)

@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
from .cli import main
main()

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