<p>The Intimate and Possibly Subversive Relationship Between Women and Machines Reader explores topics from women's introduction into the technological workforce, the connection between weaving and programming, and using technology in favour of the feminist movement. One major concept that appears throughout the reader is an almost mystical connection between women and software writing, embedded deep in women's tradition of weaving not just threads, but networks. Does software have a gender?</p>
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<p>Echoing to her selection of texts, Alice proposes two software based transformation of her reader: carlandre and overunder. carlandre is a program that generates a pattern inspired by the concrete poetry of Carl Andre, it creates a vertical wave of words whose lengths go from ascending to descending and so on. overunder is inspired by the relationship between weaving and programming, this interpreted language written in Python translates simple weaving instructions into a digital interpretation of weaving on text.</p>
<p>With Who is the Librarian: The gendered image of the librarian and the information scientist, Joca explores two frequent gender stereotypes: librarianship as a job for women and information science as a male-dominated field. The selection of texts in this reader elaborates on the origin of these stereotypes and the different social status of these professions. This could be the way to answer the question: Who do we want to be the librarian in the future?</p>
<p>Then moving from human interpretation to software interpretation, Joca presents a software, Reading the Structure, that attempts to make visible to human readers how machines, or to be more precise, specific software implementation of text analysis, interpret texts. Computers read a text differently than we do. One of the common methods for software to analyse a text, is to cut the sentences into loose words. Then each word can be labelled for importance, sentiment, or its function in the sentence. During this process of structuring the text, the relation with the original text fades away. Reading the Structure is a reading interface that brings the labels back in the original text. Does that makes us, mere humans, able to read like our machines do?</p>
<h3>Chapter 3 - Zalán Szakács</h3>
<em>From DIY Book Scanning to the Shadow Librarian + ACCP - Analogue Circular Communication Protocol</em>
<p>Zalán's reader, From DIY Book Scanning to the Shadow Librarian, traces back the beginnings of the shadow libraries starting from the Soviet era of Russia and explores its impact on contemporary academic publishing. Amongst other things, the text selection Informs the reader about activists in this field such as Aaron Swartz, the writer of Guerilla Open Access Manifesto and Alexandra Elbakyan, the founder of Sci-Hub.</p>
<p>Where does the message start? Where does the message end? The user is challenged by the coding tool ACCP to discover the rules behind the circular decoding system and decipher the message. Through the programming language Python and the software DrawBot, words are processed and mapped into a spatial graphical system with the 26 characters of the alphabet and the 10 numbers are arranged around a circle. With a radial stencil placed in front of the graphics, it is possible to turn the images back into words.</p>
<h3>Chapter 4 - Natasha Berting</h3>
@ -109,8 +122,12 @@ replace:tiffs hocrs
rm $(images-tiff)
</pre>
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<p>Natasha's contribution explores the politics of selection, transparency and as Johanna Drucker said, "calls attention to the made-ness of knowledge". Her selection of texts explores how human biases and cultural blind spots are transferred from the page to the screen, as companies like Google turn books into databases, bags of words into training sets, and use them in ways that are not always clearly communicated.</p>
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<p>The texts will be processed by the Erase / Replace scripts, which are two experiments that question who and what is included or excluded in book scanning. In each script, what is first scanned affects what is visible and what is hidden in what is scanned in a second stage, so on so forth. The scripts learn each page's vocabulary and favours the most common words. The least common word recede further and further away from view, finally disappearing all together or even replaced by the more common words. Every scan session results in a different distortion, and outputs the original scanned image, but with the text manipulated.</p>
<p>Ultimately these texts and scripts are tools for thinking about how knowledge is mined and presented online, how bias spreads from the Canon to the web, finding opportunities to break open this process.</p>
@ -125,9 +142,13 @@ chatbook: ocr/output.txt
oulibot: ocr/output.txt #chatbot based on the knowledge of the scans Dependencies: nltk_rake, irc, nltk
python3 src/oulibot.py
</pre>
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<p>In Scanning the database, Alexander offers to navigate in and out of database narratives. His reader looks at how databases are structured and formed, and how the data they hold are classified, and how such structuring and classification leads to bias. It shows how important it is to question the authoritative dimension of databases, by looking closely at what is being scanned, how it is stored, organized and selected. </p>
<p>In response to these questions, Alex proposes an alternative interface to such database, by creating a chat bot that enables the user / viewer to explore the content of scanned material by chatting with the books canner. By adding an explicit layer of software mediation, the experiment questions how knowledge is built and mediated in the age of machine learning.</p>
<h3>Chapter 6 - Angeliki Diakrousi</h3>
@ -137,6 +158,10 @@ oulibot: ocr/output.txt #chatbot based on the knowledge of the scans Dependencie
<p>Angeliki's collection of texts From Tedious Tasks to Liberating Orality- Practices of the Excluded on Sharing Knowledge, refers to oral culture in relation to programming, as a way of sharing knowledge including our individually embodied position and voice. The emphasis on the role of personal positioning is often supported by feminist theorists. Similarly, and in contrast to scanning, reading out loud is a way of distributing knowledge in a shared space with other people, and this is the core principle behind the ttssr-> Reading and speech recognition in loop software. Using speech recognition software and python scripts Angeliki proposes to the audience to participate in a system that highlights how each voice bears the personal story of an individual. In this case the involvement of a machine provides another layer of reflection of the reading process.</p>
