XPUB
/
issue.xpub.nl
71
3
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Releases Wiki Activity

Upload files to '08/ArtemisGryllaki'

Browse Source
master
estragon 5 years ago
parent fa73c3dfdb
commit 0a0a741c9e
5 changed files with 1012 additions and 0 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File

174
08/ArtemisGryllaki/chapter4.html
Unescape Escape View File

@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Questions on Social Networks</title>
<style>
@font-face {
font-family: georgia;
src: url("fonts/Georgia Regular font.ttf");
}
@font-face {
font-family: bree-serif;
src: url("fonts/BreeSerif-Regular.otf");
}
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html, body {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
#container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
justify-content: center;
}
#left,
#right {
width: 50%;
max-width: 450px;
flex-grow: 1;
flex-shrink: 1;
padding: 20px;
}
#left {
color: black;
background-color: rgb(94, 110, 59, .35);
}
#right {
color: black;
/*background-color: rgb(170,170,170, .6);*/
background-color: rgb(94, 110, 59, .1);
position: relative;
}
p {
font-size: 19px;
font-family: georgia;
line-height: 26.1px;
margin-top: 20px;
margin-left: 20px;
margin-right: 20px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
p > span {
display: inline;
background-color: rgb(250, 246, 177);
position: relative;
}
p > span:hover {/*
color: #df5b57;*/
}
.comment {
position: absolute;
top: -100px;
transition: all 1s linear;
width: calc(100% - 40px);
}
h3 {
font-size: 18px;
text-align: left;
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: 15px;
letter-spacing: 0px;
text-transform: none;
font-family: bree-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- <audio controls autoplay style="display:none">
<source src="TurnPage.wav" type="audio/wav">
</audio> -->
<div id="container">
<div id="left">
<h1 style="color:black;font-size:40px;font-family:georgia">Big Data<br> Big Bubble? Goldmine?</h1><br>
<p style="color:black;font-size:16px;font-family:georgia">In the context of the question:<br> <b><i>Why is data collected?</i></b></p>
<p>
It seems that our everyday lives are transformed intentionally (or unintentionally) into usable data; our social relations are mediated extensively by machines. Tech giants of Silicon Valley make adequate investments so that they can make use of all the data they store. Maybe what they possess is a goldmine.
<span>Can they establish a new model of sovereignty?</span>
</p>
<p>
Who is listening to all of these views and information about our networked published selves? Who cares?<br>
Indeed this vast amount of information is not garbage. There would be no reason to set up an infrastructure of this scale from the owner companies to host all this data if they were not useful. <span>All these emissions are not wasted;</span> there is some sense in all of them.
</p>
<p>
Now, let's imagine that I unashamedly start <span>shouting my personal information</span>, tastes and opinions in a public square. Would the state security assign an undercover police officer to take notes of all the information I share, expecting to grab any notorious details or dark secrets about my life? Or would a team of advertisers bother to collect my preferences as useful information for their next advertising campaign? I don’t think so. But what if this kind of information were coming from millions of people around the world, in the form of large-scale data? Probably that would make a difference.
</p>
<p>
The collection of a significant amount of social experience, stored as data and sliced into many small pieces, can be easily processed and analysed. One could argue that this entire collection has been placed voluntarily by people across the globe on the servers of some companies. And this collection is beneficial property; it is a <span>collection of raw material</span> derived from the stray productivity of free time.
</p>
<a href="index.html"><h2 style="color:black; font-size:16px; font-family:georgia; margin-top:50px; margin-left: 20px"><i>Go back to the questions</i></h2></a>
</div>
<div id="right">
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;">Can we compare the power of big companies, to the power of the State? The State, composed by the ruling class, forms <a href="http://please.undo.undo.it/readings/Marx%20&%20Engels.pdf"><i>the ruling ideas</i></a>, and can shape to some extent the wishes and desires of the citizens. Is it possible that giant corporations now have this kind of skill?</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;">Phew! I can finally calm down now.</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<a href="chapter2.html"><h3 style="color:#ea2709;">Visit the light blue room for a more vivid description of this analogy.</h3></a>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;">...which could not be left unexploited.</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
var left = document.getElementById('left');
var spans = Array.from(left.getElementsByTagName('span'));
var right = document.getElementById('right');
var comments = Array.from(right.children);
function setCommentPosition() {
comments.forEach((comment, index) => {
var offsetTop = spans[index].offsetTop;
comment.style.top = offsetTop + 'px';
});
}
setCommentPosition();
setTimeout(setCommentPosition, 800);
function debounce(func){
var timer;
return function(event) {
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer);
timer = setTimeout(func, 100, event);
};
}
window.addEventListener("resize", debounce(function(e) {
setCommentPosition();
}));
</script>
</body>
<html>

178
08/ArtemisGryllaki/chapter5.html
Unescape Escape View File

@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Questions on Social Networks</title>
<style>
@font-face {
font-family: georgia;
src: url("fonts/Georgia Regular font.ttf");
}
@font-face {
font-family: bree-serif;
src: url("fonts/BreeSerif-Regular.otf");
}
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html, body {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
#container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
justify-content: center;
}
#left,
#right {
width: 50%;
max-width: 450px;
flex-grow: 1;
flex-shrink: 1;
padding: 20px;
padding-bottom: 80px;
}
#left {
color: black;
background-color: rgb(152, 118, 84, .24);
}
#right {
color: black;
/*background-color: rgb(170,170,170, .6);*/
background-color: rgb(152, 118, 84, .07);
position: relative;
}
p {
font-size: 19px;
font-family: georgia;
line-height: 26.1px;
margin-top: 20px;
margin-left: 20px;
margin-right: 20px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
p > span {
display: inline;
background-color: rgb(250, 246, 177);
position: relative;
}
p > span:hover {/*
color: #df5b57;*/
}
.comment {
position: absolute;
top: -100px;
transition: all 1s linear;
width: calc(100% - 40px);
}
h3 {
font-size: 18px;
text-align: left;
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: 15px;
letter-spacing: 0px;
text-transform: none;
font-family: bree-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- <audio controls autoplay style="display:none">
<source src="TurnPage.wav" type="audio/wav">
</audio> -->
<div id="container">
<div id="left">
<h1 style="color:black;font-size:40px;font-family:georgia">Online stalking is <br>a new habit</h1>
<p style="color:black;font-size:16px;font-family:georgia">In the context of the question:<br> <b><i>Why do people have the urge to stay networked?</i></b></p>
<p></br>
While reflecting on people’s urge to be part of a network, I was drawn in thinking of what people do in order to relate to others. It is not uncommon for an acquaintance in the real world to be discovered through an Internet search, commonly referred to as <span>“online stalking”</span>. Shuffling around other people's posts on the Internet is no longer considered an invasion. Thus, online stalking has become a normal engagement for students, doctors and academics, often becoming the main methodology for their research. The data collected from such an activity can be used to draw and publish conclusions. But nobody would like to dirty their hands, looking at user profiles one by one. The machines and the code can do it for them. That is how it becomes a pure and socially reputable work.
</p>
<p>
The massive stalking of social network users is called <span>social media analytics</span>. It is a very profitable process, especially if compared with the <span>old social study and critique</span>. To gossip on a massive, global scale is a job that any profitable business, any serious state, can and should do to produce useful social conclusions.
</p>
<p>
We are accustomed to living in an ocean of information, able to accept any of it, where nothing is considered threatening, even when it is evident that everyday habits do not have the shallowness we thought they had. Even when <span>shocking news</span> stories break, important revelations and scandals are accepted, and finally we digest them. After all, they are part of the information routine. As a member of the networked public, I might be able to sacrifice a lot for my beloved habits. <span>And digital life will continue unchanged.</span>
</p>
<a href="index.html"><h2 style="color:black; font-size:16px; font-family:georgia; margin-top:50px; margin-left: 20px"><i>Go back to the questions</i></h2></a>
</div>
<div id="right">
<div class="comment">
<span class="circle"></span>
<h3 style="color:black;">This is a part of “being related.”</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<a href="chapter6.html"><h3 style="color:#ea2709;">Visit the orange room to see examples of the social media analytics industry.</h3></a>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<span class="circle"></span>
<h3 style="color:black;">...a euphemism for “gossip”</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<span class="circle"></span>
<h3 style="color:black;">LinkedIn profiles being hacked or proof that personal data in the cloud is not safe</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<span class="circle"></span>
<h3 style="color:black;">If it becomes a "hype" to conceive of mass stalking as an unacceptable activity, I might create a trending topic under the hashtag <i>#StopAnalyzingMyTweets</i> and finally end up saying, "Anyway, it doesn't matter. Everyone is networked, so is the contemporary world".</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
var left = document.getElementById('left');
var spans = Array.from(left.getElementsByTagName('span'));
var right = document.getElementById('right');
var comments = Array.from(right.children);
function setCommentPosition() {
comments.forEach((comment, index) => {
var offsetTop = spans[index].offsetTop;
comment.style.top = offsetTop + 'px';
});
}
setCommentPosition();
setTimeout(setCommentPosition, 800);
function debounce(func){
var timer;
return function(event) {
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer);
timer = setTimeout(func, 100, event);
};
}
window.addEventListener("resize", debounce(function(e) {
setCommentPosition();
}));
</script>
</body>
<html>

228
08/ArtemisGryllaki/chapter6.html
Unescape Escape View File

@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Questions on Social Networks</title>
<style>
@font-face {
font-family: georgia;
src: url("fonts/Georgia Regular font.ttf");
}
@font-face {
font-family: bree-serif;
src: url("fonts/BreeSerif-Regular.otf");
}
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html, body {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
#container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
justify-content: center;
}
#left,
#right {
width: 50%;
max-width: 450px;
flex-grow: 1;
flex-shrink: 1;
padding: 20px;
}
#left {
color: black;
background-color: rgb(173, 92, 5, .2);
}
#right {
color: black;
/*background-color: rgb(170,170,170, .6);*/
background-color: rgb(152, 118, 84, .1);
position: relative;
}
p {
font-size: 19px;
font-family: georgia;
line-height: 26.1px;
margin-top: 20px;
margin-left: 20px;
margin-right: 20px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
p > span {
display: inline;
background-color: rgb(250, 246, 177);
position: relative;
}
p > span:hover {/*
color: #df5b57;*/
}
.comment {
position: absolute;
top: -100px;
transition: all 1s linear;
width: calc(100% - 40px);
}
h3 {
font-size: 18px;
text-align: left;
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: 15px;
letter-spacing: 0px;
text-transform: none;
font-family: bree-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- <audio controls autoplay style="display:none">
<source src="TurnPage.wav" type="audio/wav">
</audio> -->
<div id="container">
<div id="left">
<h1 style="color:black;font-size:40px;font-family:georgia">Examples of social media <br>analytics projects</h1>
<p style="color:black;font-size:16px;font-family:georgia">In the context of the question:<br> <b><i>Who benefits from social media analytics?</i></b></p>
<p></br>
To my knowledge, there is a big market for programming platforms and digital tools that enable <span>data collection and analysis</span>, mainly targeted at private corporations. These tools use the raw material content uploaded by social network users. Apart from private companies, the state is also interested in user-generated content and invests large amounts of money in the construction of machines to analyse it. For these purposes, departments of information and social sciences usually set up academic researches, with state funding. Trying to understand who finds these researches useful, I gathered some examples of <span>analyses on the activity of social network users</span>. These examples are very few, in comparison with the extensive amount of activities in this sector. The big data analytics industry is expanding, as one of the new territories for capitalist exploitation. Furthermore, while one would expect this development mostly in the US, Europe, (even Greece), is not lagging behind in these activities, so here are some examples from my knowledge.
</p>
<p></br>
<b>“Visibrain”</b><br>
The company <span>“Visibrain”</span> runs a social media monitoring platform that specialises in Twitter analytics. It targets companies and organisations which aim to draw conclusions from online social traffic, by providing analysis packages starting from 400 euros per month for 50 thousand tweets, up to 2000 euros per month for 1 million tweets. The company's clientele includes the French Ministry of Culture and Communication, the French Ministry of Education and the French High Committee for Civil Defence (HCFDC), a think tank for research and analysis of global security issues and new solutions for a "sustainable society". Companies from many fields (technology, telecoms, marketing, pharmaceutical, banking, automotive, consulting, and many more) are also clients of this platform.
</p>
<p></br>
<b>“CERTH”</b><br>
The Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, (CERTH) operates the <span>Multimedia Knowledge & Social Media Analytics Lab</span>, which develops social network monitoring and analysis applications and conducts research on European projects. According to information from its official website, the National Centre for Research and Technology (CERTH) was established in 2000 and is a non-profit legal entity of private law (NPO) supervised by the General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT) of the Ministry of Education, Research and Religion. <span>CERTH</span> has participated in more than 1,000 research projects (with a total budget that exceeds €423 million 1,100 international partnerships) funded by the European Union, major foreign industries (Europe, Asia and the Americas) and the Greek government of the General Secretariat for Research and Technology. The website of this Lab presents the directions of its research activity. Here are some of these directions, as an insight into how organisations behind networking devices relate to the subject of collecting and analysing data.
</p>
<p></br>
<b>“SocialSensor”</b><br>
Greek universities are developing similar activities and collaborate with other European organisations to carry out projects of a similar nature. Such a project coordinated by CERTH is the SocialSensor</span>, funded by the European Union with 9,639,593 euros, of which CERTH received 1,341,526 euros. The description of the project “SocialSensor” from the website of the Institute of Information Technology and Communications of CERTH is the following:
</p>
<p>
“Social media applications have become a modern reality affecting a growing part of the population, as well as companies and public organisations. For example, Twitter messages played an essential role in the recent political developments in Arab countries, while Flickr and YouTube are rich images and video collections based exclusively on user contributions and around 30 billion content items (links, photo albums, status updates) are posted on Facebook every month. It becomes clear that much of what happens in the real-world is documented in real time by the millions of social network users that upload content, interact with each other, and give feedback (rate, comment) on already published online content...”
</p>
<p>
The <span>SocialSensor</span> project resulted in 130 publications, and two spin-off companies. The developed tools are used by a large number of corporations, government agencies and academic institutions. Research in the same field seems to be continuing in following projects, such as “REVEAL”, a project to advance the necessary technologies for making a higher level analysis of social media possible. It aims at enabling users to reveal hidden ‘modalities’ such as reputation, influence or credibility of information. The project (with a total budget of €6,925,004), includes participants such as Demokritos Research Centre and Athens Technology Centre S.A., in addition to CERTH.
</p>
<p></br>
<b>“TRILLION:<br> TRUTH, CITIZEN - LEA coILaboratION over sOcial Networks”</b><br>
In the context of the European funding programme Horizon H2020, CERTH participates in the project “<span>TRILLION</span>: TRUTH, CITIZEN - LEA coILaboratION over sOcial Networks”, which began in September 2015:
</p>
<p>
“Community policing promotes the implementation of bi-directional collaboration channels between citizens and Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs). By enhancing the discovery of relevant and up to date information, it speeds up the detection of risks, eases their prevention and builds a continuum of collaboration which motivates citizens and LEAs to work together… The operational environment of the platform is not limited to an on-going crisis, but also extends to the period before it through early identification and prevention of emerging risks...”
</p>
<p>
The European Commission’s website on the subject of the TRILLION project:
</p>
<p>
“To this end, the proposed research should also take into account the virtual dimension of “community policing” (i.e. the interaction between citizens and police officers through social networking websites) and analyse its underlying social-cultural legal and ethical dimensions.”
</p>
<p>
<b>Some thoughts...</b><br>
The lesson to be learned from this story is to be aware of where taxes and revenues of the state go, taxes that labour is paying to the European states. It is quite revealing to realise that first, we offer our own experience in data format, and then it can be analysed, with the financial aid of direct and indirect taxation. It seems that we are investing quite some money in projects which develop <span>tools for monitoring, controlling, and mass-managing citizens</span>.
</p>
<a href="index.html"><h2 style="color:black; font-size:16px; font-family:georgia; margin-top:50px; margin-left: 20px"><i>Go back to the questions</i></h2></a>
</div>
<div id="right">
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;">
The applied methods for emotion recognition and analysis (also known as mining), intend to identify associations and trends in individual communities, to observe consumer habits, to categorise users, to detect unusual behaviours and events or to anticipate social movements and reactions.
</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<a href="chapter7.html"><h3 style="color:#ea2709;">Visit the brown room to read my thoughts, wondering, if social media analytics is another word for massive stalking.</h3></a>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;">
Visibrain customers
</h3>
<iframe id="frame2" src="https://www.visibrain.com/en/customers/" height="200" width="100%" style="border:none;"></iframe>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;">
MKLab Research
</h3>
<iframe id="frame2" src="https://mklab.iti.gr/research/" height="200" width="100%" style="border:none;"></iframe>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;"><a href="https://www.certh.gr/root.en.aspx">CERTH</a>
</h3>
<h3 style="color:black;">
The Greek national Center for Research and Technology (CERTH) was established in 2000 and is a non-profit legal entity of private law (NPO) supervised by the General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT) of the Ministry Education, Research and Religion. CERTH has participated in more than 1,000 research projects (with a total budget of more than € 423 million and more than 1,100 international partnerships) funded by the European Union, major foreign industries (Europe, Asia and the Americas) and the Greek government of the General Secretariat for Research and Technology.
</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;"><a href="https://www.iti.gr/iti/projects/SocialSensor.html">SocialSensor Consortium</a>
</h3>
<h3 style="color:black;">
It is interesting to see which companies, universities, and research institutions also participated in SocialSensor: Yahoo Iberia SL (Spain), IBM - Science and Technolgy LTD (Israel), Alcatel - Lucent Bell Labs (France), Deutsche Welle (Germany), University of Klagenfurt (Austria), University of Koblenz-Landau (Germany), The City University London (United Kingdom), Athens Technology Center SA (Greece), German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence GmbH (Germany), JCP-Consult SAS (France)
</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;"><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/194841/factsheet/en">TRILLION</a>: Objective
<div style="line-height:50%;"><br></div>
</h3>
<h3 style="color:black;"><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/programme/rcn/666332/en">TRILLION</a>: Ethical and Societal Dimension - Enhancing cooperation between law enforcement agencies and citizens - Community policing
</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<a href="chapter7.html"><h3 style="color:#ea2709;">Visit the rotten apple room to read about case studies where such tools are used.</h3></a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
var left = document.getElementById('left');
var spans = Array.from(left.getElementsByTagName('span'));
var right = document.getElementById('right');
var comments = Array.from(right.children);
function setCommentPosition() {
comments.forEach((comment, index) => {
var offsetTop = spans[index].offsetTop;
comment.style.top = offsetTop + 'px';
});
}
setCommentPosition();
setTimeout(setCommentPosition, 800);
function debounce(func){
var timer;
return function(event) {
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer);
timer = setTimeout(func, 100, event);
};
}
window.addEventListener("resize", debounce(function(e) {
setCommentPosition();
}));
</script>
</body>
<html>

230
08/ArtemisGryllaki/chapter7.html
Unescape Escape View File

@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Questions on Social Networks</title>
<style>
@font-face {
font-family: georgia;
src: url("fonts/Georgia Regular font.ttf");
}
@font-face {
font-family: bree-serif;
src: url("fonts/BreeSerif-Regular.otf");
}
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html, body {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
#container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
justify-content: center;
}
#left,
#right {
width: 50%;
max-width: 450px;
flex-grow: 1;
flex-shrink: 1;
padding: 20px;
padding-bottom: 50px;
}
#left {
color: black;
background-color: rgb(230, 222, 226);
}
#right {
color: black;
/*background-color: rgb(170,170,170, .6);*/
background-color: rgb(230, 222, 226, .3);
position: relative;
}
p {
font-size: 19px;
font-family: georgia;
line-height: 26.1px;
margin-top: 20px;
margin-left: 20px;
margin-right: 20px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
p > span {
display: inline;
background-color: rgb(250, 246, 177);
position: relative;
}
p > span:hover {/*
color: #df5b57;*/
}
.comment {
position: absolute;
top: -100px;
transition: all 1s linear;
width: calc(100% - 40px);
}
h3 {
font-size: 18px;
text-align: left;
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: 15px;
letter-spacing: 0px;
text-transform: none;
font-family: bree-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- <audio controls autoplay style="display:none">
<source src="TurnPage.wav" type="audio/wav">
</audio> -->
<div id="container">
<div id="left">
<h1 style="color:black;font-size:40px;font-family:georgia">Case studies of the role of corporate social media in social uprisings</h1>
<p style="color:black;font-size:16px;font-family:georgia">In the context of the question:<br> <b><i>What is the relationship between corporations and government surveillance?</i></b></p>
<p></br>
Undoubtedly, there is a high level of <span>“interest”</span> in collecting and analysing the content contributed by social network users.
</p>
<p> <b>#OccupyGezi</b><br>
Regarding the possible uses of the developing tools for analysis, I will refer to a <span>publication</span> in the context of <span>SocialSencor</span>, where the case study example was the revolt of Turkish youth in the summer of 2013. A wave of demonstrations started at Istanbul's Taksim Square, to prevent the destruction of Gezi Park. Here are some extracted pieces of the publication, which displays the role and service of analysis tools in large-scale events, such as a social rebellion.
</p>
<p>
...the described framework supports configurable targeted crawling and indexing of social multimedia content in tandem with real-time analysis and summarisation. The framework is based on a real-time distributed architecture, including very efficient image indexing and clustering implementations. We evaluate the framework on a large-scale case study around the <i>#OccupyGezi</i> events…<br><br>
...We started the crawling exercise on June 4th and continued until July 17th. The crawling was conducted around a set of hand-picked keywords and a small number of selected accounts on Facebook and YouTube…<br><br>
...A total of 16,785,785 Items and 319,095 Media Items were collected respectively, spanning the interval (Jun 1, Jul 17)…
...The Figure provides a <span>map-based view</span> of the event at different zoom levels (based on the subset of images that are geotagged). From the figure, it becomes apparent that although the events were highly intense on Istanbul (and the Gezi park in particular), there was considerable activity in major Turkish cities (Ankara, Bursa, Izmir, Antalya, Eskisehir, Bodrum), and even in large European (London, Berlin, Paris) and American (New York, San Francisco, Boston, Toronto) cities…<br><br>
...The evaluation of the crawler in the context of the <i>#OccupyGezi</i> events demonstrated that it is an effective tool for collecting diverse content from social networks and for browsing and searching it in multiple ways...<br><br>
</p>
<p>
<b>Arab Spring</b><br>
Another typical case for analysis is the so-called <span><i>Arab Spring</i></span>, in which the western world contends that social media played a central role. Over the past few years, a lot of research projects have been done by academic and state institutions to study the use of social media in the uprisings of the Arab world. Many westerners have described the <i>Arab Spring</i> as a Twitter or Facebook revolution. An article on the website of the University of Washington with the title <span>“New study quantifies the use of Social Media in the <i>Arab Spring</i>”</span> begins as follows;
</p>
<p>
<i>“In the 21st century, the revolution may not be televised – but it likely will be tweeted, blogged, texted and organised on Facebook, recent experience suggests.”</i>
</p>
<p>
<br><b>My thoughts...</b><br>
The rebels in the Arab world did not expect to rely on Facebook to decide their actions, nor Twitter to learn about the weapons and tanks that they were facing. The fact that they used tools like that, mainly to open up and speak to the rest of the world about what was happening, doesn’t mean that without them they would be unable to coordinate their efforts. It seems that westerners are possibly more interested in the use of social media, instead of the very fact of the uprising. They repeatedly talk about the way it supposedly happened; through social media. When the medium is identified as the message, the message may lose its meaning.
</p>
<p>
The reproduction of a hasty conclusion that social rebellions in the 21st century take place on the servers of one or more corporations is a specific media translation of reality. The reality, however, is much more complex. The developers of mechanisms for social control are the ones who advocate for more of such ideologies; that <span>corporate social media can be an alternative</span> or independent means of communication and organisation. I do not argue that it was a mistake from the side of the people who protested in the Arab countries to use corporate social media, phones, emails or blogs amid a social uprising. Nonetheless, the next time I hear that a social uprising is happening through social media, I will certainly have to be more suspicious of which side supports such a claim. Are they the same ones who develop and use tools to analyse social movements? If the relationship between social media and <i>Arab Spring</i> rebels or other social outbreaks have been examined already hundreds of times, the goal, as shown in projects like SocialSensor, is ultimately the real-time analysis of similar situations. The next time something like that happens, it could be managed more efficiently by the organisations that have the appropriate machines and means to do it.
</p>
<a href="index.html"><h2 style="color:black; font-size:16px; font-family:georgia; margin-top:50px; margin-left: 20px"><i>Go back to the questions</i></h2></a>
</div>
<div id="right">
<div class="comment">
<a href="chapter4.html"><h3 style="color:#ea2709;">Visit the olive room for questions like "who cares about collecting all this data?"
</h3></a>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<span class="circle"></span>
<h3 style="color:black;"><a href="http://stcsn.ieee.net/e-letter/vol-1-no-3/social-multimedia-crawling-and-search">Social Multimedia Crawling and Search</a>
</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<a href="chapter6.html"><h3 style="color:#ea2709;">Visit the orange room to read about the “SocialSensor” project.</h3></a>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<span class="circle"></span>
<img src="images/maps.png" alt="map-based view" style="width:100%;">
</div>
<div class="comment">
<a href="http://b-e-e-t.r-o-o-t.net/pages/mejias_liberation_technology.html"><h3 style="color:#007577;">Visit Simon's home for further reading.</h3></a>
<div style="line-height:20%;"><br>
</div>
<h3 style="color:black;"><i>Liberation Technology and the Arab Spring: From Utopia to Atopia and Beyond</i><div style="line-height:50%;"><br>
Ulises A. Mejias, SUNY Oswego
</h3>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<iframe width="100%" height="180" src="http://www.washington.edu/news/2011/09/12/new-study-quantifies-use-of-social-media-in-arab-spring/" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<span class="circle"></span>
<iframe width="100%" height="200" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Khzsm29uS7g" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<h3 style="color:black;">Houssam Al Deen, a Syrian journalist, explains how Syrians have learnt for good, the beneficial relationship that companies like Facebook and Skype can develop with a regime.</h3><br><br>
<iframe id="frame2" src="https://www.twitterandteargas.org/" height="200" width="100%" style="border:none;"></iframe>
<h3 style="color:black;">Zeynep Tufekci, a Turkish-American author, looks at how governments have responded to the rise of digital tools with their own methods, including misinformation, distraction, and surveillance.</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
var left = document.getElementById('left');
var spans = Array.from(left.getElementsByTagName('span'));
var right = document.getElementById('right');
var comments = Array.from(right.children);
function setCommentPosition() {
comments.forEach((comment, index) => {
var offsetTop = spans[index].offsetTop;
comment.style.top = offsetTop + 'px';
});
}
setCommentPosition();
setTimeout(setCommentPosition, 800);
function debounce(func){
var timer;
return function(event) {
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer);
timer = setTimeout(func, 100, event);
};
}
window.addEventListener("resize", debounce(function(e) {
setCommentPosition();
}));
</script>
</body>
<html>

202
08/ArtemisGryllaki/chapter8.html
Unescape Escape View File

@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Questions on Social Networks</title>
<style>
@font-face {
font-family: georgia;
src: url("fonts/Georgia Regular font.ttf");
}
@font-face {
font-family: bree-serif;
src: url("fonts/BreeSerif-Regular.otf");
}
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html, body {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
#container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
justify-content: center;
}
#left,
#right {
width: 50%;
max-width: 450px;
flex-grow: 1;
flex-shrink: 1;
padding: 20px;
}
#left {
color: black;
background-color: rgb(233,221,237);
}
#right {
color: black;
/*background-color: rgb(170,170,170, .6);*/
background-color: rgb(233,221,237, .4);
position: relative;
}
p {
font-size: 19px;
font-family: georgia;
line-height: 26.1px;
margin-top: 20px;
margin-left: 20px;
margin-right: 20px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
p > span {
display: inline;
background-color: rgb(250, 246, 177);
position: relative;
}
p > span:hover {/*
color: #df5b57;*/
}
.comment {
position: absolute;
top: -100px;
transition: all 1s linear;
width: calc(100% - 40px);
}
h3 {
font-size: 18px;
text-align: left;
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: 15px;
letter-spacing: 0px;
text-transform: none;
font-family: bree-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- <audio controls autoplay style="display:none">
<source src="TurnPage.wav" type="audio/wav">
</audio> -->
<div id="container">
<div id="left">
<h1 style="color:black;font-size:40px;font-family:georgia">Memories of social media use in the Greek Referendum of 2015</h1>
<p style="color:black;font-size:16px;font-family:georgia">In the context of the question:<br> <b><i>How does a network amplify or weaken voices?</i></b></p>
<p></br>
One could observe that in the context of <span>fetishistic online self-exposure</span>, public political opinions appear quite often on electronic walls. While polling organisations complain that more and more people are not willing to reveal their voting intentions, in social media, there are a lot of announcements. Although numerous monitoring tools have been developed, social media functions inherently in a way that in many cases is sufficient for the psycho-emotional management of their users.
</p>
<p> An example that remains vivid in my memory is the legendary Greek referendum of 2015 and the overwhelming number of tweets bombarding the trending topic #greferendum. Both sides of the debate, #YES and #NO, were broadly using Twitter as a propaganda weapon for their campaign. “Talkwalker”, a social network monitoring and analysis company, within the context of advertising their service, published a <span>study about the fluctuations of the two hashtag campaigns</span>, based on data extracted from Twitter. I can imagine that analysts and researchers use these kinds of studies to confirm the predictability in the movements of virtual crowds, according to the rules of spectacle. For me, it was just disappointing to see the virtual reflection of real-life social-emotional
and intellectual vulnerability.
</p>
<p>
According to the study, after the referendum was announced, the #NO campaign took an early lead over the #YES campaign, both in Greece and globally. Nevertheless, some days later, #YES surpassed #NO in Greek Twitter accounts, following the sudden imposition of capital controls by the government. After that, Prime Minister <span>Alexis Tsipras speech on national Greek TV</span> boosted the #NO trend again. The Prime Minister asserted the citizens that their money is secure and he is personally responsible for it. He encouraged them to vote #NO and reminded them of their historical duty over this crucial moment. “Talkwalker” published the following on its marketing blog;
</p>
<p>
“Tsipras’ and Varoufakis’ use of social media seems to lead the debate, generating more conversation and buzz than Junckers and Lagarde. Alexis Tsipras is eight times more active socially than Jean Claude Juncker. He also generates three times more social engagement than Mr Juncker. <span>Varoufakis’ tweet</span> that “democracy deserves a boost in Euro related matters, we just delivered it, let the people decide, funny how radical this concept sounds” was retweeted over 9,400 times, “favourited” over 6,300 times.
</p>
<p>
Tspiras’ tweet (which coincided with his speech) in which he said “the dignity of the Greek people in the face of blackmail and injustice sends a message of hope and pride to all of Europe” was <span>retweeted over 4,800 times and “favourited” over 3,200 times</span>. Tsipras’ social performance, in particular, appears to have given a big boost to the “No” campaign with his 37 tweets using “No” hashtags resulting in close to 18,000 retweets. Juncker was the last to finish this “high-quality” political race, receiving only 2,240 retweets and being “favourited” 1,390 times.
</p>
<p>
Twitter offered everyone the convenience of publishing their online opinion uninhibited, thinking that “since political figures like Varoufakis and Tsipras send radical tweets, so will I!”. Some people thought that Twitter's massive movement would cause the explosion of cyberspace; that the system would be unable to stand the vast number of hashtags and the enormous expression of public opinions, unmediated by TV channels. Many people hoped that the referendum’s result, supported by radical expression on Twitter, would cast away all the austerity measures of the memorandum and the minimum wage would rise again. A lot of social media users had the impression of being informed independently from TV channels. They wanted to punish the classic TV personas, who were considered to follow orders from big corrupted political parties. They wanted to give mainstream TV channels a lesson, for promoting <span>#YES</span> in favour of their bosses, against the “common good”. The mentality of the average Greek person at that moment was the: "Finally, we proudly stood up to these goddamn Germans. #NO!"
</p>
<p>
Unfortunately, things didn’t work out as expected. Despite the major #NO result, the agreement with the European authorities came as a big disappointment, (#greekment in Twitter language), introducing the new memorandum. Subsequently, a new hashtag burst onto the internet; a physics professor in Barcelona introduced #ThisIsACoup, writing on July 12: “The Eurogroup proposal is a covert coup d’ Etat against the Greek people. <span>#ThisIsACoup #Grexit.</span>” Of course, Twitter went crazy again.
</p>
<p>
To sum up: July 2, #NO stands up to European Creditors; July 12, #ThisIsACoup shakes the world. A comment on a TV channel’s website says: “The last two hours #ThisIsACoup is ranked 1st. Germans are condemned in real-time by the whole world.” I think that this is actually how the networked mass becomes a victim of psychological management by itself. The all-powerful TV cannot do this in such a masterly way. The transition from “we-will-show-them” to “look-what-they-do-to-us” is not uncommon for Greek “Petite bourgeoisie” and its obsessions. However, as long as a medium that appears to be “alternative” validates this dynamic, the result is the self-assertion and reinforcement of a petite bourgeoisie attitude. Admittedly, I am writing this while being ignorant of all the mechanisms which work together to generate such situations. Nevertheless, I am almost entirely convinced that corporate social networks are adequate for the role of mass psychological management.
</p>
<a href="index.html"><h2 style="color:black; font-size:16px; font-family:georgia; margin-top:50px; margin-left: 20px"><i>Go back to the questions</i></h2></a>
</div>
<div id="right">
<div class="comment">
<a href="chapter3.html"><h3 style="color:#ea2709;">Visit the turquoise room to read about some of my contradictory self-exposure stories.</h3></a>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;">Article originally appeared on Talkwalker Blog</h3>
<iframe width="100%" height="200" src="https://www.business2community.com/world-news/greece-referendum-social-momentum-with-the-no-campaign-01266476" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<iframe width="100%" height="200" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/e0vfAkSJKps" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
<div class="comment">
<img src="images/varoufakistweet.png" alt="@yanisvaroufakis" style="width:100%;">
</div>
<div class="comment">
<img src="images/tsiprastweet.png" alt="@tsipras_eu" style="width:100%;">
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;">A #YES meme.</h3>
<img src="images/yesmeme.jpg" alt="#yesmeme" style="width:50%;">
</div>
<div class="comment">
<h3 style="color:black;"><a href="https://twitter.com/smaccarrone/status/620292021010460672">@smaccarrone</a></h3>
<img src="images/smaccarronetweet.png" alt="@smaccarrone" style="width:100%;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
var left = document.getElementById('left');
var spans = Array.from(left.getElementsByTagName('span'));
var right = document.getElementById('right');
var comments = Array.from(right.children);
function setCommentPosition() {
comments.forEach((comment, index) => {
var offsetTop = spans[index].offsetTop;
comment.style.top = offsetTop + 'px';
});
}
setCommentPosition();
setTimeout(setCommentPosition, 800);
function debounce(func){
var timer;
return function(event) {
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer);
timer = setTimeout(func, 100, event);
};
}
window.addEventListener("resize", debounce(function(e) {
setCommentPosition();
}));
</script>
</body>
<html>
Write Preview
Loading…
Cancel
Save