{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "Guernsey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy, which held sway in both France and England. The islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. Guernsey is a British crown dependency but is not part of the UK or of the EU. However, the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Western Europe, islands in the English Channel, northwest of France"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "49 28 N, 2 35 W"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Europe"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "78 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "78 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "0 sq km"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller islands"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "about one-half the size of Washington, DC"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "text": "0 km"
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "50 km"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "3 nm"
      },
      "exclusive fishing zone": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "mostly flat with low hills in southwest"
    },
    "Elevation": {
      "mean elevation": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "elevation extremes": {
        "text": "lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m ++ highest point: unnamed elevation on Sark 114 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "cropland"
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Population": {
      "text": "66,297 (July 2016 est.)"
    },
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Channel Islander(s)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Channel Islander"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "British and Norman-French descent with small percentages from other European countries"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "text": "English, French, Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts"
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Protestant (Anglican, Presbyterian, Baptist, Congregational, Methodist), Roman Catholic"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "14.46% (male 4,956/female 4,630)"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "11.45% (male 3,877/female 3,715)"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "41.89% (male 14,009/female 13,760)"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "12.93% (male 4,267/female 4,304)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "19.28% (male 5,797/female 6,982) (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "47%"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "21.6%"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "25.4%"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "3.9%"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "data represent the Channel Islands (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "43.6 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "42.3 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "44.8 years (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "0.32% (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "9.8 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "8.9 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "2.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "31.4% of total population (2014)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "0.76% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "data are for the Channel Islands"
      }
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.05 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.07 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "1.04 male(s)/female"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "1.02 male(s)/female"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "0.99 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.83 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.99 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "3.4 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "3.7 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "3.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "82.5 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "79.9 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "85.4 years (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "1.56 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
      "text": "NA"
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "Bailiwick of Guernsey"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Guernsey"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "the name is of Old Norse origin, but the meaning of the root \"Guern(s)\" is uncertain; the \"-ey\" ending means \"island\""
      }
    },
    "Dependency status": {
      "text": "British crown dependency"
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "parliamentary democracy (States of Deliberation); a Crown dependency of the UK"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "Saint Peter Port"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "49 27 N, 2 32 W"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      },
      "daylight saving time": {
        "text": "+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 10 parishes: Castel, Forest, Saint Andrew, Saint Martin, Saint Peter Port, Saint Pierre du Bois, Saint Sampson, Saint Saviour, Torteval, Vale"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "none (British crown dependency)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "history": {
        "text": "unwritten; includes royal charters, statutes, and common law and practice"
      },
      "amendments": {
        "text": "new laws or changes to existing laws are initiated by the States of Deliberation; passage requires majority vote (2016)"
      }
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "customary legal system based on Norman customary law, and includes elements of the French civil code and English common law"
    },
    "Citizenship": {
      "text": "see United Kingdom"
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "16 years of age; universal"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Lieutenant Governor Vice Admiral Ian CORDER (since 14 March 2016)"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "Chief Minister Gavin ST.PIER (since 6 May 2016); Bailiff Sir Richard COLLAS (since 23 March 2012); note - Chief Minister is the president of the Policy and Resources Committee and is the de facto head of government; The Policy and Resources Committee, elected by the States of Deliberation, functions as the executive; the five members all have equal voting rights"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch; chief minister indirectly elected by States of Deliberation; last held on 6 May 2016 (next to be held in 2020)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "Gavin ST.PIER (independent) elected as president of the Policy and Resources Committee and Chief Minister"
      }
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "description": {
        "text": "unicameral States of Deliberation (40 seats; 38 People's Deputies and 2 representatives of the States of Alderney; members directly elected by majority vote to serve 4-year terms); note - non-voting members include the bailiff (presiding officer), attorney-general, and solicitor-general"
      },
      "elections": {
        "text": "last held on 27 April 2016 (next to be held in 2020)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "percent of vote - NA; seats - all independent"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest resident court(s)": {
        "text": "Guernsey Court of Appeal (consists of the Bailiff of Guernsey, who is the ex-officio president of the Guernsey Court of Appeal, and at least 12 judges); Royal Court (organized into 3 divisions - Full Court sits with 1 judge and 7 to 12 jurats acting as judges of fact, Ordinary Court sits with 1 judge and normally 3 jurats, and Matrimonial Causes Division sits with a 1 judge and 4 jurats); note - appeals beyond Guernsey courts are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "Royal Court Bailiff, Deputy Bailiff, and Court of Appeal justices appointed by the British Crown and hold office at Her Majesty's pleasure; jurats elected by the States of Election, a body chaired by the Bailiff and a number of jurats"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "Court of Alderney; Court of the Seneschal of Sark; Magistrate's Court (includes Juvenile Court); Contracts Court; Ecclesiastical Court; Court of Chief Pleas"
      }
    },
    "Political parties and leaders": {
      "text": "none; all independents"
    },
    "Political pressure groups and leaders": {
      "text": "Stop Traffic Endangering Pedestrian Safety or STEPS"
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "UPU"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "text": "none (British crown dependency)"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "text": "none (British crown dependency)"
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "white with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) extending to the edges of the flag and a yellow equal-armed cross of William the Conqueror superimposed on the Saint George cross; the red cross represents the old ties with England and the fact that Guernsey is a British Crown dependency; the gold cross is a replica of the one used by Duke William of Normandy at the Battle of Hastings"
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "Guernsey cow, donkey; national colors: red, white, yellow"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Sarnia Cherie\" (Guernsey Dear)"
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "George DEIGHTON/Domencio SANTANGELO"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "adopted 1911; serves as a local anthem; as a British crown dependency, \"God Save the Queen\" remains official (see United Kingdom)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economy - overview": {
      "text": "Financial services account for about 40% of employment and about 55% of total income in this tiny, prosperous Channel Island economy. Tourism, manufacturing, and horticulture, mainly tomatoes and cut flowers, have been declining. Financial services, construction, retail, and the public sector have been growing. Light tax and death duties make Guernsey a popular tax haven. In October 2014, Guernsey signed an OECD agreement to automatically exchange some financial account information to limit tax avoidance and evasion."
    },
    "GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "text": "$3.451 billion (2014 est.) ++ $3.42 billion (2013 est.) ++ $3.36 billion (2012 est.)"
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$2.742 billion (2005 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - real growth rate": {
      "text": "0.9% (2014 est.) ++ 1.2% (2013 est.) ++ 4.2% (2012 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
      "text": "$52,300 (2014 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "3%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "10%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "87% (2000)"
      }
    },
    "Agriculture - products": {
      "text": "tomatoes, greenhouse flowers, sweet peppers, eggplant, fruit; Guernsey cattle"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "tourism, banking"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "NA%"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "31,470 (March 2006)"
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "text": "0.9% (March 2006 est.)"
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "NA%"
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "NA%"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "NA%"
      }
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$563.6 million"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$530.9 million (2005)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "20.6% of GDP (2005)"
    },
    "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
      "text": "1.2% of GDP (2005)"
    },
    "Fiscal year": {
      "text": "calendar year"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "text": "3.4% (June 2006 est.)"
    },
    "Exports": {
      "text": "$NA"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "tomatoes, flowers and ferns, sweet peppers, eggplant, other vegetables"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "text": "$NA"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "coal, gasoline, oil, machinery, and equipment"
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "text": "$NA"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "text": "Guernsey pound per US dollar ++ 0.7391 (2016 est.) ++ 0.6542 (2015 est.) ++ 0.6542 (2014) ++ 0.607 (2013) ++ 0.63 (2012)"
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "45,100"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "69 (July 2010 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total": {
        "text": "67,500"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "103 (July 2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephone system": {
      "domestic": {
        "text": "fixed-line and mobile-cellular services widely available"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 44; 1 submarine cable (2015)"
      }
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "multiple UK terrestrial TV broadcasts are received via a transmitter in Jersey with relays in Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney; satellite packages are available; BBC Radio Guernsey and 1 other radio station operating (2009)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".gg"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "total": {
        "text": "55,050"
      },
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "83.3% (July 2015 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "National air transport system": {
      "number of registered air carriers": {
        "text": "2 (registered in UK)"
      },
      "inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
        "text": "11 (registered in UK) (2015)"
      }
    },
    "Airports": {
      "text": "2 (2013)"
    },
    "Airports - with paved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "2"
      },
      "1,524 to 2,437 m": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "under 914 m": {
        "text": "1 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Ports and terminals": {
      "major seaport(s)": {
        "text": "Braye Bay, Saint Peter Port"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military and Security": {
    "Military - note": {
      "text": "defense is the responsibility of the UK"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "none"
    }
  }
}