{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "The Siboney were the first people to inhabit the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in 2400 B.C., but Arawak Indians populated the islands when COLUMBUS landed on his second voyage in 1493. Early Spanish and French settlements were succeeded by an English colony in 1667. Slavery, established to run the sugar plantations on Antigua, was abolished in 1834. The islands became an independent state within the British Commonwealth of Nations in 1981."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "17 03 N, 61 48 W"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Central America and the Caribbean"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "442.6 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km)"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "442.6 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "0 sq km"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "2.5 times the size of Washington, DC"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "text": "0 km"
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "153 km"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      },
      "contiguous zone": {
        "text": "24 nm"
      },
      "exclusive economic zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      },
      "continental shelf": {
        "text": "200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas"
    },
    "Elevation": {
      "mean elevation": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "elevation extremes": {
        "text": "lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m ++ highest point: Mount Obama 402 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "20.5% ++ arable land 9.1%; permanent crops 2.3%; permanent pasture 9.1%"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "22.3%"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "57.2% (2011 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "1.3 sq km (2012)"
    },
    "Population - distribution": {
      "text": "the island of Antigua is home to approximately 97% of the population; nearly the entire population of Barbuda lives in Codrington"
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts"
    },
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "water management - a major concern because of limited natural freshwater resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly"
    },
    "Environment - international agreements": {
      "party to": {
        "text": "Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling"
      },
      "signed, but not ratified": {
        "text": "none of the selected agreements"
      }
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a large western harbor"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Population": {
      "text": "93,581 (July 2016 est.)"
    },
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Antiguan, Barbudan"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "black 87.3%, mixed 4.7%, hispanic 2.7%, white 1.6%, other 2.7%, unspecified 0.9% (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "text": "English (official), Antiguan creole"
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Protestant 68.3% (Anglican 17.6%, Seventh Day Adventist 12.4%, Pentecostal 12.2%, Moravian 8.3%, Methodist 5.6%, Wesleyan Holiness 4.5%, Church of God 4.1%, Baptist 3.6%), Roman Catholic 8.2%, other 12.2%, unspecified 5.5%, none 5.9% (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "23.36% (male 11,107/female 10,754)"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "17% (male 7,918/female 7,992)"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "42.31% (male 18,085/female 21,509)"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "9.53% (male 4,021/female 4,894)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "7.8% (male 3,136/female 4,165) (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "45.7%"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "35.2%"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "10.4%"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "9.6% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "31.6 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "29.8 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "33.2 years (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "1.23% (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "15.8 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "5.7 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "2.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Population distribution": {
      "text": "the island of Antigua is home to approximately 97% of the population; nearly the entire population of Barbuda lives in Codrington"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "23.8% of total population (2015)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "-0.95% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "SAINT JOHN'S (capital) 22,000 (2014)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.05 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "0.99 male(s)/female"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "0.84 male(s)/female"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "0.82 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.76 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "0.9 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "12.5 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "14.4 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "10.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "76.5 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "74.4 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "78.8 years (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "2.01 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Health expenditures": {
      "text": "5.5% of GDP (2014)"
    },
    "Hospital bed density": {
      "text": "2.1 beds/1,000 population (2011)"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 97.9% of population ++ rural: 97.9% of population ++ total: 97.9% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 2.1% of population ++ rural: 2.1% of population ++ total: 2.1% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Sanitation facility access": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 91.4% of population ++ rural: 91.4% of population ++ total: 91.4% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 8.6% of population ++ rural: 8.6% of population ++ total: 8.6% of population (2011 est.)"
      }
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Major infectious diseases": {
      "note": {
        "text": "active local transmission of Zika virus by Aedes species mosquitoes has been identified in this country (as of August 2016); it poses an important risk (a large number of cases possible) among US citizens if bitten by an infective mosquito; other less common ways to get Zika are through sex, via blood transfusion, or during pregnancy, in which the pregnant woman passes Zika virus to her fetus (2016)"
      }
    },
    "Obesity - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "31% (2014)"
    },
    "Education expenditures": {
      "text": "2.6% of GDP (2009)"
    },
    "Literacy": {
      "definition": {
        "text": "age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "99%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "98.4%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "99.4% (2012 est.)"
      }
    },
    "School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)": {
      "total": {
        "text": "14 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "13 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "15 years (2012)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Antigua and Barbuda"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "\"antiguo\" is Spanish for \"ancient\" or \"old\"; the island was discovered by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and, according to tradition, named by him after the church of Santa Maria la Antigua (Old Saint Mary's) in Seville; \"barbuda\" is Spanish for \"bearded\" and the adjective may refer to the alleged beards of the indigenous people or to the island's bearded-fig trees"
      }
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "parliamentary democracy (Parliament) under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "Saint John's"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "17 07 N, 61 51 W"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "6 parishes and 2 dependencies*; Barbuda*, Redonda*, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "1 November 1981 (from the UK)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981)"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "text": "several previous; latest presented 31 July 1981, effective 31 October 1981 (Antigua and Barbuda Constitutional Order 1981); amended 2009, 2011 (2016)"
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "common law based on the English model"
    },
    "International law organization participation": {
      "text": "has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction"
    },
    "Citizenship": {
      "citizenship by birth": {
        "text": "yes"
      },
      "citizenship by descent": {
        "text": "yes"
      },
      "dual citizenship recognized": {
        "text": "yes"
      },
      "residency requirement for naturalization": {
        "text": "7 years"
      }
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Rodney WILLIAMS (since 14 August 2014)"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "Prime Minister Gaston BROWNE (since 13 June 2014)"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general"
      }
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "description": {
        "text": "bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17 seats; members appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)"
      },
      "elections": {
        "text": "House of Representatives - last held on 12 June 2014 (next to be held in 2019)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "percent of vote by party - ALP 56.4% UPP 42%; seats by party - ALP 14, UPP 3"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest court(s)": {
        "text": "the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the itinerant superior court of record for the 9-member Organization of Eastern Caribbean States to include Antigua and Barbuda; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - is comprised of the Court of Appeal with 3 justices and the High Court with 19 judges; 2 High Court judges reside on Antigua and Barbuda"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "chief justice of Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court appointed by the Her Majesty, Queen ELIZABETH II; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "Industrial Court; Magistrates' Courts"
      }
    },
    "Political parties and leaders": {
      "text": "Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Gaston BROWNE] ++ Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Trevor WALKER] ++ Barbuda People's Movement for Change [Arthur NIBBS] ++ Barbudans for a Better Barbuda [Ordrick SAMUEL] ++ United Progressive Party or UPP [W. Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three parties - Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, Progressive Labor Movement or PLM, United National Democratic Party or UNDP)"
    },
    "Political pressure groups and leaders": {
      "text": "Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [Wigley GEORGE] ++ People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL]"
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "chief of mission": {
        "text": "Ambassador Sir Ronald SANDERS (since 17 September 2015)"
      },
      "chancery": {
        "text": "3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016"
      },
      "telephone": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 362-5122"
      },
      "FAX": {
        "text": "[1] (202) 362-5525"
      },
      "consulate(s) general": {
        "text": "Miami, New York"
      }
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "text": "the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda"
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band; the sun symbolizes the dawn of a new era, black represents the African heritage of most of the population, blue is for hope, and red is for the dynamism of the people; the \"V\" stands for victory; the successive yellow, blue, and white coloring is also meant to evoke the country's tourist attractions of sun, sea, and sand"
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "fallow deer; national colors: red, white, blue, black, yellow"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Fair Antigua, We Salute Thee\""
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "Novelle Hamilton RICHARDS/Walter Garnet Picart CHAMBERS"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "adopted 1967; as a Commonwealth country, in addition to the national anthem, \"God Save the Queen\" serves as the royal anthem (see United Kingdom)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economy - overview": {
      "text": "Tourism continues to dominate Antigua and Barbuda's economy, accounting for nearly 60% of GDP and 40% of investment. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. ++  ++ After taking office in 2004, the SPENCER government adopted an ambitious fiscal reform program and was successful in reducing its public debt-to-GDP ratio from approximately 130% in 2010 to 89% in 2012. In 2009, the country's economy was severely hit by the global economic crisis and suffered from the collapse of its largest private sector employer, a steep decline in tourism, a rise in debt, and a sharp economic contraction between 2009 and 2011. The country has not yet returned to its pre-crisis growth levels. ++  ++ Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on tourist arrivals from the US, Canada, and Europe and potential damages from natural disasters."
    },
    "GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "text": "$2.171 billion (2016 est.) ++ $2.128 billion (2015 est.) ++ $2.084 billion (2014 est.)",
      "note": {
        "text": "data are in 2016 dollars"
      }
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$1.303 billion (2015 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - real growth rate": {
      "text": "2% (2016 est.) ++ 2.2% (2015 est.) ++ 4.2% (2014 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
      "text": "$24,100 (2016 est.) ++ $23,900 (2015 est.) ++ $23,700 (2014 est.)",
      "note": {
        "text": "data are in 2016 dollars"
      }
    },
    "Gross national saving": {
      "text": "14.7% of GDP (2016 est.) ++ 13.6% of GDP (2015 est.) ++ 10.6% of GDP (2014 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - composition, by end use": {
      "household consumption": {
        "text": "65%"
      },
      "government consumption": {
        "text": "16.9%"
      },
      "investment in fixed capital": {
        "text": "23.2%"
      },
      "investment in inventories": {
        "text": "0.1%"
      },
      "exports of goods and services": {
        "text": "35.2%"
      },
      "imports of goods and services": {
        "text": "-40.4% (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "2.2%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "17.8%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "80% (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Agriculture - products": {
      "text": "cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "3.2% (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "30,000 (1991)"
    },
    "Labor force - by occupation": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "7%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "11%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "82% (1983)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "text": "11% (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "NA%"
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "NA%"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "NA%"
      }
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$279.1 million"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$301.7 million (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "21.4% of GDP (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
      "text": "-1.7% of GDP (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Public debt": {
      "text": "89% of GDP (2012 est.) ++ 130% of GDP (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Fiscal year": {
      "text": "1 April - 31 March"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "text": "1.6% (2016 est.) ++ 1% (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Central bank discount rate": {
      "text": "6.5% (31 December 2010) ++ 6.5% (31 December 2009)"
    },
    "Commercial bank prime lending rate": {
      "text": "9.8% (31 December 2016 est.) ++ 9.8% (31 December 2015 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of narrow money": {
      "text": "$275.9 million (31 December 2016 est.) ++ $257.1 million (31 December 2015 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of broad money": {
      "text": "$1.183 billion (31 December 2016 est.) ++ $1.149 billion (31 December 2015 est.)"
    },
    "Stock of domestic credit": {
      "text": "$888.9 million (31 December 2016 est.) ++ $888.9 million (31 December 2015 est.)"
    },
    "Current account balance": {
      "text": "-$122 million (2016 est.) ++ -$129 million (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Exports": {
      "text": "$61.7 million (2016 est.) ++ $61 million (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "petroleum products, bedding, handicrafts, electronic components, transport equipment, food and live animals"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "text": "$482.1 million (2016 est.) ++ $482.5 million (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil"
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "text": "$441.2 million (31 December 2012) ++ $458 million (June 2010)"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "text": "East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar - ++ 2.7 (2016 est.) ++ 2.7 (2015 est.) ++ 2.7 (2014 est.) ++ 2.7 (2013 est.) ++ 2.7 (2012 est.)"
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity - production": {
      "text": "300 million kWh (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - consumption": {
      "text": "300 million kWh (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - exports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - imports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
      "text": "84,000 kW (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
      "text": "100% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - exports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - imports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 bbl (1 January 2016 es)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - consumption": {
      "text": "5,000 bbl/day (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - exports": {
      "text": "90.55 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - imports": {
      "text": "4,884 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - production": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - consumption": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - exports": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - imports": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 es)"
    },
    "Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": {
      "text": "600,000 Mt (2013 est.)"
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "12,000"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "13 (July 2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total": {
        "text": "126,000"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "136 (July 2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephone system": {
      "general assessment": {
        "text": "good automatic telephone system"
      },
      "domestic": {
        "text": "fixed-line teledensity roughly 15 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is about 135 per 100 persons"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 1-268; landing points for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) and the Global Caribbean Network (GCN) submarine cable systems with links to other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; sate (2015)"
      }
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "state-controlled Antigua and Barbuda Broadcasting Service (ABS) operates 1 TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; ABS operates 1 radio station; roughly 15 radio stations, some broadcasting on multiple frequencies (2007)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".ag"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "total": {
        "text": "60,000"
      },
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "65.2% (July 2015 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "National air transport system": {
      "number of registered air carriers": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers": {
        "text": "9"
      },
      "annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers": {
        "text": "1,039,809"
      },
      "annual freight traffic on registered air carriers": {
        "text": "526,545 mt-km (2015)"
      }
    },
    "Civil aircraft registration country code prefix": {
      "text": "V2 (2016)"
    },
    "Airports": {
      "text": "3 (2013)"
    },
    "Airports - with paved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "2"
      },
      "2,438 to 3,047 m": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "under 914 m": {
        "text": "1 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Airports - with unpaved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "under 914 m": {
        "text": "1 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Roadways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1,170 km"
      },
      "paved": {
        "text": "386 km"
      },
      "unpaved": {
        "text": "784 km (2011)"
      }
    },
    "Merchant marine": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1,257"
      },
      "by type": {
        "text": "bulk carrier 49, cargo 753, carrier 6, chemical tanker 4, container 407, liquefied gas 12, refrigerated cargo 7, roll on/roll off 17, vehicle carrier 2"
      },
      "foreign-owned": {
        "text": "1,215 (Albania 1, Colombia 1, Denmark 20, Estonia 10, Germany 1094, Greece 4, Iceland 10, Latvia 16, Lithuania 3, Mexico 1, Netherlands 17, Norway 9, NZ 2, Poland 2, Russia 3, Switzerland 7, Turkey 7, UK 1, US 7) (2010)"
      }
    },
    "Ports and terminals": {
      "major seaport(s)": {
        "text": "Saint John's"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military and Security": {
    "Military branches": {
      "text": "Ministry of National Security, Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force (includes Antigua and Barbuda Coast Guard) (2012)"
    },
    "Military service age and obligation": {
      "text": "18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; Governor-General has powers to call up men for national service and set the age at which they could be called up (2012)"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "none"
    },
    "Trafficking in persons": {
      "current situation": {
        "text": "Antigua and Barbuda is a destination and transit country for adults and children subjected to sex trafficking and forced labor; forced prostitution has been reported in bars, taverns, and brothels, while forced labor occurs in domestic service and the retail sector"
      },
      "tier rating": {
        "text": "Tier 2 Watch List – Antigua and Barbuda does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; the government made no discernible progress in convicting traffickers in 2014 but charged two individuals in separate cases; efforts to convict traffickers have been impeded by a 2014 ruling that found the 2010 anti-trafficking act was unconstitutional because jurisdiction rests with the Magistrate’s Court rather than the High Court; no new prosecutions, convictions, or punishments were recorded in 2014; credible sources have raised concerns about trafficking-related complicity among some off-duty police officers, which could hinder investigations or victims willingness to report offenses; prevention efforts were sustained, but progress in protecting victims was uneven; seven victims were assisted, which was an increase over 2013 (2015)"
      }
    },
    "Illicit drugs": {
      "text": "considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center"
    }
  }
}