{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "Spain ceded Guam to the US in 1898. Captured by the Japanese in 1941, it was retaken by the US three years later. The military installations on the island are some of the most strategically important US bases in the Pacific."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Oceania, island in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "13 28 N, 144 47 E"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Oceania"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "544 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "544 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "0 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "three times the size of Washington, DC"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "text": "0 km"
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "125.5 km"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      },
      "exclusive economic zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season (January to June), rainy season (July to December); little seasonal temperature variation"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low hills in center, mountains in south"
    },
    "Elevation": {
      "mean elevation": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "elevation extremes": {
        "text": "lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m ++ highest point: Mount Lamlam 406 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "aquatic wildlife (supporting tourism), fishing (largely undeveloped)"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "33.4% ++ arable land 1.9%; permanent crops 16.7%; permanent pasture 14.8%"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "47.9%"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "18.7% (2011 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Irrigated land": {
      "text": "2 sq km (2012)"
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "frequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare but potentially destructive typhoons (June to December)"
    },
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "extirpation of native bird population by the rapid proliferation of the brown tree snake, an exotic, invasive species"
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Population": {
      "text": "162,742 (July 2016 est.)"
    },
    "Nationality": {
      "noun": {
        "text": "Guamanian(s) (US citizens)"
      },
      "adjective": {
        "text": "Guamanian"
      }
    },
    "Ethnic groups": {
      "text": "Chamorro 37.3%, Filipino 26.3%, white 7.1%, Chuukese 7%, Korean 2.2%, other Pacific Islander 2%, other Asian 2%, Chinese 1.6%, Palauan 1.6%, Japanese 1.5%, Pohnpeian 1.4%, mixed 9.4%, other 0.6% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Languages": {
      "text": "English 43.6%, Filipino 21.2%, Chamorro 17.8%, other Pacific island languages 10%, Asian languages 6.3%, other 1.1% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Religions": {
      "text": "Roman Catholic 85%, other 15% (1999 est.)"
    },
    "Age structure": {
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "24.95% (male 20,881/female 19,723)"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "17.09% (male 14,445/female 13,375)"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "39.09% (male 32,335/female 31,277)"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "9.62% (male 7,912/female 7,742)"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "9.25% (male 6,847/female 8,205) (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Dependency ratios": {
      "total dependency ratio": {
        "text": "52%"
      },
      "youth dependency ratio": {
        "text": "38.7%"
      },
      "elderly dependency ratio": {
        "text": "13.3%"
      },
      "potential support ratio": {
        "text": "7.5% (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Median age": {
      "total": {
        "text": "30.4 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "29.8 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "30.9 years (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Population growth rate": {
      "text": "0.64% (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Birth rate": {
      "text": "16.7 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Death rate": {
      "text": "5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Net migration rate": {
      "text": "-5.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Urbanization": {
      "urban population": {
        "text": "94.5% of total population (2015)"
      },
      "rate of urbanization": {
        "text": "1.36% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Major urban areas - population": {
      "text": "HAGATNA (capital) 143,000 (2014)"
    },
    "Sex ratio": {
      "at birth": {
        "text": "1.06 male(s)/female"
      },
      "0-14 years": {
        "text": "1.06 male(s)/female"
      },
      "15-24 years": {
        "text": "1.08 male(s)/female"
      },
      "25-54 years": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female"
      },
      "55-64 years": {
        "text": "1.02 male(s)/female"
      },
      "65 years and over": {
        "text": "0.84 male(s)/female"
      },
      "total population": {
        "text": "1.03 male(s)/female (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Infant mortality rate": {
      "total": {
        "text": "5.3 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "5.7 deaths/1,000 live births"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "4.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Life expectancy at birth": {
      "total population": {
        "text": "79.1 years"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "76.1 years"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "82.4 years (2016 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Total fertility rate": {
      "text": "2.31 children born/woman (2016 est.)"
    },
    "Drinking water source": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 99.5% of population ++ rural: 99.5% of population ++ total: 99.5% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 0.5% of population ++ rural: 0.5% of population ++ total: 0.5% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Sanitation facility access": {
      "improved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 89.8% of population ++ rural: 89.8% of population ++ total: 89.8% of population"
      },
      "unimproved": {
        "text": " ++ urban: 10.2% of population ++ rural: 10.2% of population ++ total: 10.2% of population (2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "HIV/AIDS - deaths": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Unemployment, youth ages 15-24": {
      "total": {
        "text": "29.4%"
      },
      "male": {
        "text": "29.7%"
      },
      "female": {
        "text": "28.9% (2011 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "Territory of Guam"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Guam"
      },
      "local long form": {
        "text": "Guahan"
      },
      "local short form": {
        "text": "Guahan"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "the native Chamorro name for the island \"Guahan\" (meaning \"we have\" or \"ours\") was changed to Guam in the 1898 Treaty of Paris whereby Spain relinquished Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the US"
      }
    },
    "Dependency status": {
      "text": "organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior"
    },
    "Government type": {
      "text": "presidential democracy; a self-governing unincorporated territory of the US"
    },
    "Capital": {
      "name": {
        "text": "Hagatna (Agana)"
      },
      "geographic coordinates": {
        "text": "13 28 N, 144 44 E"
      },
      "time difference": {
        "text": "UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)"
      }
    },
    "Administrative divisions": {
      "text": "none (territory of the US)"
    },
    "Independence": {
      "text": "none (territory of the US)"
    },
    "National holiday": {
      "text": "Discovery Day (or Magellan Day), first Monday in March (1521)"
    },
    "Constitution": {
      "text": "effective 1 July 1950 (Guam Act of 1950 serves as a constitution); amended many times, last in 2015 (2016)"
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "common law modeled on US system; US federal laws apply"
    },
    "Citizenship": {
      "text": "see United States"
    },
    "Suffrage": {
      "text": "18 years of age; universal; note - Guamanians are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections"
    },
    "Executive branch": {
      "chief of state": {
        "text": "President Barack H. OBAMA (since 20 January 2009); Vice President Joseph R. BIDEN (since 20 January 2009)"
      },
      "head of government": {
        "text": "Governor Eddie CALVO (since 3 January 2011); Lieutenant Governor Ray TENORIO (since 3 January 2011)"
      },
      "cabinet": {
        "text": "Cabinet appointed by the governor with the consent of the Legislature"
      },
      "elections/appointments": {
        "text": "president and vice president indirectly elected on the same ballot by an Electoral College of 'electors' chosen from each state to serve a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as Guam, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however, they may vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ballot by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 consecutive terms); election last held on 4 November 2014 (next to be held in November 2018)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "Eddie CALVO reelected governor; percent of vote - Eddie CALVO (Republican Party) 64%, Carl GUTIERREZ (Democratic Party) 36%; Ray TENORIO elected lieutenant governor"
      }
    },
    "Legislative branch": {
      "description": {
        "text": "unicameral Legislature of Guam or Liheslaturan Guahan (15 seats; members elected in a single countrywide constituency by simple majority vote to serve 2-year terms)"
      },
      "elections": {
        "text": "last held on 4 November 2014 (next to be held on 8 November 2016)"
      },
      "election results": {
        "text": "percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 9, Republican Party 6"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "Guam directly elects 1 member by simple majority vote to serve a 2-year term as a delegate to the US House of Representatives; the delegate can vote when serving on a committee and when the House meets as the Committee of the Whole House, but not when legislation is submitted for a “full floor” House vote; election of delegate last held on 6 November 2012 (next to be held on 8 November 2014)"
      }
    },
    "Judicial branch": {
      "highest court(s)": {
        "text": "Supreme Court of Guam (consists of 3 justices); note - appeals beyond the Supreme Court of Guam are referred to the US Supreme Court"
      },
      "judge selection and term of office": {
        "text": "justices appointed by the governor and confirmed by the Guam legislature; justices appointed for life subject to retention election every 10 years"
      },
      "subordinate courts": {
        "text": "Superior Court of Guam - includes several divisions; US Federal District Court for the District of Guam (a US territorial court; appeals beyond this court are heard before the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit)"
      }
    },
    "Political parties and leaders": {
      "text": "Democratic Party [Carlo BRANCH] ++ Republican Party [Mike BENITO]"
    },
    "Political pressure groups and leaders": {
      "text": "Guam Commission on Decolonization ++ Guam Federation of Teachers' Union ++ Guam Waterworks Authority Workers ++ We Are Guahan"
    },
    "International organization participation": {
      "text": "AOSIS (observer), IOC, PIF (observer), SPC, UPU"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation in the US": {
      "text": "none (territory of the US)"
    },
    "Diplomatic representation from the US": {
      "text": "none (territory of the US)"
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "territorial flag is dark blue with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered, pointed, vertical ellipse containing a beach scene, a proa or outrigger canoe with sail, and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters; the proa is sailing in Agana Bay with the promontory of Punta Dos Amantes, near the capital, in the background; the shape of the central emblem is that of a Chamorro sling stone, used as a weapon for defense or hunting; blue represents the sea and red the blood shed in the struggle against oppression",
      "note": {
        "text": "the US flag is the national flag"
      }
    },
    "National symbol(s)": {
      "text": "coconut tree; national colors: deep blue, red"
    },
    "National anthem": {
      "name": {
        "text": "\"Fanohge Chamoru\" (Stand Ye Guamanians)"
      },
      "lyrics/music": {
        "text": "Ramon Manalisay SABLAN [English], Lagrimas UNTALAN [Chamoru]/Ramon Manalisay SABLAN"
      },
      "note": {
        "text": "adopted 1919; the local anthem is also known as \"Guam Hymn\"; as a territory of the United States, \"The Star-Spangled Banner,\" which generally follows the playing of \"Stand Ye Guamanians,\" is official (see United States)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economy - overview": {
      "text": "US national defense spending is the main driver of Guam’s economy, followed by tourism and other services. Total federal spending (defense and non-defense) amounted to $1.973 billion in 2014, or 40.4% of GDP. Service exports, mainly spending by foreign tourists while on Guam, amounted to $651 million in 2013, or 13.3% of GDP. In 2013, Guam’s economy grew 0.6%. Despite slow growth, Guam’s economy has been stable over the last decade. National defense spending cushions the island’s economy against fluctuations in tourism. Guam serves as a forward US base for the Western Pacific and is home to thousands of American military personnel. Federal grants amounted to $373.3 million in 2013, or 32.6% of Guam’s total revenues for the fiscal year."
    },
    "GDP (purchasing power parity)": {
      "text": "$4.882 billion (2013 est.) ++ $4.756 billion (2012 est.) ++ $4.562 billion (2011 est.)"
    },
    "GDP (official exchange rate)": {
      "text": "$4.6 billion (2010 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - real growth rate": {
      "text": "0.6% (2013 est.) ++ 1.8% (2012) ++ -0.3% (2011)"
    },
    "GDP - per capita (PPP)": {
      "text": "$30,500 (2013 est.) ++ $29,800 (2012 est.) ++ $28,600 (2011 est.)"
    },
    "GDP - composition, by end use": {
      "household consumption": {
        "text": "63.7%"
      },
      "government consumption": {
        "text": "64.9%"
      },
      "investment in fixed assets": {
        "text": "5.8%"
      },
      "investment in inventories": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "exports of goods and services": {
        "text": "17%"
      },
      "imports of goods and services": {
        "text": "-51.2% (2013)"
      }
    },
    "GDP - composition, by sector of origin": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "NA%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "NA%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "NA%"
      }
    },
    "Agriculture - products": {
      "text": "fruits, copra, vegetables; eggs, pork, poultry, beef"
    },
    "Industries": {
      "text": "national defense, tourism, construction, transshipment services, concrete products, printing and publishing, food processing, textiles"
    },
    "Industrial production growth rate": {
      "text": "NA%"
    },
    "Labor force": {
      "text": "70,490",
      "note": {
        "text": "this number is for the civilian labor force only (2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Labor force - by occupation": {
      "agriculture": {
        "text": "0.3%"
      },
      "industry": {
        "text": "21.6%"
      },
      "services": {
        "text": "78.1% (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Unemployment rate": {
      "text": "8.4% (2013 est.) ++ 8.2% (2010 est.)"
    },
    "Population below poverty line": {
      "text": "23% (2001 est.)"
    },
    "Household income or consumption by percentage share": {
      "lowest 10%": {
        "text": "NA%"
      },
      "highest 10%": {
        "text": "NA%"
      }
    },
    "Budget": {
      "revenues": {
        "text": "$1.147 billion"
      },
      "expenditures": {
        "text": "$1.188 billion (2013 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Taxes and other revenues": {
      "text": "24.9% of GDP (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)": {
      "text": "-0.9% of GDP (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Public debt": {
      "text": "32.1% of GDP (2013) ++ 35.8% of GDP (2012)"
    },
    "Fiscal year": {
      "text": "1 October - 30 September"
    },
    "Inflation rate (consumer prices)": {
      "text": "1.8% (2014 est.) ++ 4% (2011 est.)"
    },
    "Exports": {
      "text": "$828 million (2013 est.) ++ $795 million (2012)"
    },
    "Exports - commodities": {
      "text": "transshipments of refined petroleum products, construction materials, fish, foodstuffs and beverages"
    },
    "Imports": {
      "text": "$2.501 billion (2013 est.) ++ $2.438 billion (2012)"
    },
    "Imports - commodities": {
      "text": "petroleum and petroleum products, food, manufactured goods"
    },
    "Debt - external": {
      "text": "$NA"
    },
    "Exchange rates": {
      "text": "the US dollar is used"
    }
  },
  "Energy": {
    "Electricity - production": {
      "text": "1.6 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - consumption": {
      "text": "1.5 billion kWh (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - exports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - imports": {
      "text": "0 kWh (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - installed generating capacity": {
      "text": "600,000 kW (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from fossil fuels": {
      "text": "100% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from nuclear fuels": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from hydroelectric plants": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Electricity - from other renewable sources": {
      "text": "0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2015 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - exports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - imports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Crude oil - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 bbl (1 January 2016 es)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - production": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - consumption": {
      "text": "12,510 bbl/day (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - exports": {
      "text": "0 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Refined petroleum products - imports": {
      "text": "13,470 bbl/day (2013 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - production": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - consumption": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - exports": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - imports": {
      "text": "0 cu m (2014 est.)"
    },
    "Natural gas - proved reserves": {
      "text": "0 cu m (1 January 2014 es)"
    },
    "Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy": {
      "text": "1.8 million Mt (2013 est.)"
    }
  },
  "Communications": {
    "Telephones - fixed lines": {
      "total subscriptions": {
        "text": "68,000"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitants": {
        "text": "42 (July 2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephones - mobile cellular": {
      "total": {
        "text": "181,000"
      },
      "subscriptions per 100 inhabitatnts": {
        "text": "113 (July 2015 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Telephone system": {
      "general assessment": {
        "text": "modern system, integrated with US facilities for direct dialing, including free use of 800 numbers"
      },
      "domestic": {
        "text": "digital system, including mobile-cellular service and local access to the Internet"
      },
      "international": {
        "text": "country code - 1-671; major landing point for submarine cables between Asia and the US (Guam is a transpacific communications hub for major carriers linking the US and Asia); satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2015)"
      }
    },
    "Broadcast media": {
      "text": "about a dozen TV channels, including digital channels; multi-channel cable TV services are available; roughly 20 radio stations (2009)"
    },
    "Internet country code": {
      "text": ".gu"
    },
    "Internet users": {
      "total": {
        "text": "118,000"
      },
      "percent of population": {
        "text": "73.1% (July 2015 est.)"
      }
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "Airports": {
      "text": "5 (2013)"
    },
    "Airports - with paved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "4"
      },
      "over 3,047 m": {
        "text": "2"
      },
      "2,438 to 3,047 m": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "914 to 1,523 m": {
        "text": "1 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Airports - with unpaved runways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1"
      },
      "under 914 m": {
        "text": "1 (2013)"
      }
    },
    "Roadways": {
      "total": {
        "text": "1,045 km (2008)"
      }
    },
    "Ports and terminals": {
      "major seaport(s)": {
        "text": "Apra Harbor"
      }
    }
  },
  "Military and Security": {
    "Military - note": {
      "text": "defense is the responsibility of the US"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "none"
    }
  }
}