{
  "Introduction": {
    "Background": {
      "text": "This isolated atoll was named for John CLIPPERTON, an English pirate who was rumored to have made it his hideout early in the 18th century. Annexed by France in 1855 and claimed by the US, it was seized by Mexico in 1897. Arbitration eventually awarded the island to France in 1931, which took possession in 1935."
    }
  },
  "Geography": {
    "Location": {
      "text": "Middle America, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, 1,120 km southwest of Mexico"
    },
    "Geographic coordinates": {
      "text": "10 17 N, 109 13 W"
    },
    "Map references": {
      "text": "Political Map of the World"
    },
    "Area": {
      "total": {
        "text": "6 sq km"
      },
      "land": {
        "text": "6 sq km"
      },
      "water": {
        "text": "0 sq km"
      }
    },
    "Area - comparative": {
      "text": "about 12 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC"
    },
    "Land boundaries": {
      "text": "0 km"
    },
    "Coastline": {
      "text": "11.1 km"
    },
    "Maritime claims": {
      "territorial sea": {
        "text": "12 nm"
      },
      "exclusive economic zone": {
        "text": "200 nm"
      }
    },
    "Climate": {
      "text": "tropical; humid, average temperature 20-32 degrees Celsius, wet season (May to October)"
    },
    "Terrain": {
      "text": "coral atoll"
    },
    "Elevation": {
      "mean elevation": {
        "text": "NA"
      },
      "elevation extremes": {
        "text": "lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m ++ highest point: Rocher Clipperton 29 m"
      }
    },
    "Natural resources": {
      "text": "fish"
    },
    "Land use": {
      "agricultural land": {
        "text": "0% ++ arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 0%"
      },
      "forest": {
        "text": "0%"
      },
      "other": {
        "text": "100% (all coral) (2011 est.)"
      }
    },
    "Natural hazards": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Environment - current issues": {
      "text": "NA"
    },
    "Geography - note": {
      "text": "the atoll reef is approximately 12 km (7.5 mi) in circumference; an attempt to colonize the atoll in the early 20th century ended in disaster and was abandoned in 1917"
    }
  },
  "People and Society": {
    "Population": {
      "text": "uninhabited"
    }
  },
  "Government": {
    "Country name": {
      "conventional long form": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "conventional short form": {
        "text": "Clipperton Island"
      },
      "local long form": {
        "text": "none"
      },
      "local short form": {
        "text": "Ile Clipperton"
      },
      "former": {
        "text": "sometimes referred to as Ile de la Passion or Atoll Clipperton"
      },
      "etymology": {
        "text": "named after an 18th-century English pirate who supposedly used the island as a base"
      }
    },
    "Dependency status": {
      "text": "possession of France; administered directly by the Minister of Overseas France"
    },
    "Legal system": {
      "text": "the laws of France apply"
    },
    "Flag description": {
      "text": "the flag of France is used"
    }
  },
  "Economy": {
    "Economy - overview": {
      "text": "Although 115 species of fish have been identified in the territorial waters of Clipperton Island, the only economic activity is tuna fishing."
    }
  },
  "Transportation": {
    "Ports and terminals": {
      "text": "none; offshore anchorage only"
    }
  },
  "Military and Security": {
    "Military - note": {
      "text": "defense is the responsibility of France"
    }
  },
  "Transnational Issues": {
    "Disputes - international": {
      "text": "none"
    }
  }
}