bo-graduation/nltk-book/pattern-master/README.md

Pattern
=======

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Pattern is a web mining module for Python. It has tools for:

 * Data Mining: web services (Google, Twitter, Wikipedia), web crawler, HTML DOM parser
 * Natural Language Processing: part-of-speech taggers, n-gram search, sentiment analysis, WordNet
 * Machine Learning: vector space model, clustering, classification (KNN, SVM, Perceptron)
 * Network Analysis: graph centrality and visualization.

It is well documented, thoroughly tested with 350+ unit tests and comes bundled with 50+ examples. The source code is licensed under BSD and available from <http://www.clips.ua.ac.be/pages/pattern>.

![Example workflow](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/clips/pattern/master/docs/g/pattern_schema.gif)

Example
-------

This example trains a classifier on adjectives mined from Twitter using Python 3. First, tweets that contain hashtag #win or #fail are collected. For example: *"$20 tip off a sweet little old lady today #win"*. The word part-of-speech tags are then parsed, keeping only adjectives. Each tweet is transformed to a vector, a dictionary of adjective → count items, labeled `WIN` or `FAIL`. The classifier uses the vectors to learn which other tweets look more like `WIN` or more like `FAIL`.

```python
from pattern.web import Twitter
from pattern.en import tag
from pattern.vector import KNN, count

twitter, knn = Twitter(), KNN()

for i in range(1, 3):
    for tweet in twitter.search('#win OR #fail', start=i, count=100):
        s = tweet.text.lower()
        p = '#win' in s and 'WIN' or 'FAIL'
        v = tag(s)
        v = [word for word, pos in v if pos == 'JJ'] # JJ = adjective
        v = count(v) # {'sweet': 1}
        if v:
            knn.train(v, type=p)

print(knn.classify('sweet potato burger'))
print(knn.classify('stupid autocorrect'))
```

Installation
------------

Pattern supports Python 2.7 and Python 3.6. To install Pattern so that it is available in all your scripts, unzip the download and from the command line do:
```bash
cd pattern-3.6
python setup.py install
```

If you have pip, you can automatically download and install from the [PyPI repository](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pattern):
```bash
pip install pattern
```

If none of the above works, you can make Python aware of the module in three ways:
- Put the pattern folder in the same folder as your script.
- Put the pattern folder in the standard location for modules so it is available to all scripts:
  * `c:\python36\Lib\site-packages\` (Windows),
  * `/Library/Python/3.6/site-packages/` (Mac OS X),
  * `/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/` (Unix).
- Add the location of the module to `sys.path` in your script, before importing it:

```python
MODULE = '/users/tom/desktop/pattern'
import sys; if MODULE not in sys.path: sys.path.append(MODULE)
from pattern.en import parsetree
```

Documentation
-------------

For documentation and examples see the [user documentation](http://www.clips.ua.ac.be/pages/pattern). If you are a developer, go check out the [developer documentation](http://www.clips.ua.ac.be/pages/pattern-dev).

Version
-------

3.6

License
-------

**BSD**, see `LICENSE.txt` for further details.

Reference
---------

De Smedt, T., Daelemans, W. (2012). Pattern for Python. *Journal of Machine Learning Research, 13*, 2031–2035.

Contribute
----------

The source code is hosted on GitHub and contributions or donations are welcomed. Please have look at the [developer documentation](http://www.clips.ua.ac.be/pages/pattern-dev). If you use Pattern in your work, please cite our reference paper.

Bundled dependencies
--------------------

Pattern is bundled with the following data sets, algorithms and Python packages:

- **Brill tagger**, Eric Brill
- **Brill tagger for Dutch**, Jeroen Geertzen
- **Brill tagger for German**, Gerold Schneider & Martin Volk
- **Brill tagger for Spanish**, trained on Wikicorpus (Samuel Reese & Gemma Boleda et al.)
- **Brill tagger for French**, trained on Lefff (Benoît Sagot & Lionel Clément et al.)
- **Brill tagger for Italian**, mined from Wiktionary
- **English pluralization**, Damian Conway
- **Spanish verb inflection**, Fred Jehle
- **French verb inflection**, Bob Salita
- **Graph JavaScript framework**, Aslak Hellesoy & Dave Hoover
- **LIBSVM**, Chih-Chung Chang & Chih-Jen Lin
- **LIBLINEAR**, Rong-En Fan et al.
- **NetworkX centrality**, Aric Hagberg, Dan Schult & Pieter Swart
- **spelling corrector**, Peter Norvig

Acknowledgements
----------------

**Authors:**

- Tom De Smedt (tom@organisms.be)
- Walter Daelemans (walter.daelemans@ua.ac.be)

**Contributors (chronological):**

- Frederik De Bleser
- Jason Wiener
- Daniel Friesen
- Jeroen Geertzen
- Thomas Crombez
- Ken Williams
- Peteris Erins
- Rajesh Nair
- F. De Smedt
- Radim Řehůřek
- Tom Loredo
- John DeBovis
- Thomas Sileo
- Gerold Schneider
- Martin Volk
- Samuel Joseph
- Shubhanshu Mishra
- Robert Elwell
- Fred Jehle
- Antoine Mazières + fabelier.org
- Rémi de Zoeten + closealert.nl
- Kenneth Koch
- Jens Grivolla
- Fabio Marfia
- Steven Loria
- Colin Molter + tevizz.com
- Peter Bull
- Maurizio Sambati
- Dan Fu
- Salvatore Di Dio
- Vincent Van Asch
- Frederik Elwert